6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam
Save
Terms in this set (83)
kinetic energy: energy in motion
Kinetic vs Potential
Energy
potential energy: energy at rest
1st: collision of the car with another object (car,
tree, wall). It can tell you a lot about the severity of
the collusion, having an indirect effect on patient
care
2nd: the collision of the passenger against the
interior of the vehicle. Injuries in this part are
typically obvious/dramatic and most commonly
3 collisions within a crash
include lower extremity and rib fractures and head
trauma.
3rd: The collision of the internal organs on the solid
structures of the body. These injuries may not be as
obvious as those from the 2nd collision, but they
can be more serious. (Brain hitting skull, heart
crashing into rib cage)
seat belts are desgined to be worn over the iliac
Proper location for seat
crests of the pelvis to distribute the force over the
belt
bony surface
Airbags · Decrease the severity of deceleration injuries
https://quizlet.com/1057688929/westcoast-emt-block-4-exam-flash-cards/?new 1/47
,6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
decrease the extension of the head and neck to
Headrests
prevent whiplash injuries
1. The heart is divided down the middle into left
and right sides, each with an upper chamber
(atrium) to receive incoming blood and a lower
chamber (ventricle) to pump outgoing blood.
2. Blood leaves each of the four chambers of the
heart through one-way valves, which keep the
Vascular system anatomy blood moving through the circulatory system in the
proper direction.
3. The aorta, the body's main artery, receives blood
ejected from the left ventricle and delivers it to all
other arteries that supply the body's tissues.
Heart (pump), vessels/arteries (pipes), blood (fluid)
1-Superior & Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium, 3-
Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve,
Blood flow through the 6-Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up oxygen, 8-
heart Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve
(Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12- Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta,
14- Body
Lack of circulation of blood due to a stop in blood
Blood stasis
flow
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,6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
a. Pressure causes blood to spurt and makes
bleeding difficult to control.
b. Typically brighter red (rich in oxygen) and spurts
in time with the pulse
c. Decreases as the amount of blood circulating in
Arterial bleeding the body drops and blood pressure drops
o High pressure, spurting, pulsating
o Oxygen rich- brighter red
fast flow
a. Dark red (low in oxygen)
b. Flows slowly or rapidly, depending on the size of
the vein
c. Does not spurt and is easier to manage
d. Can be profuse and life threatening
e. More likely to clot spontaneously than arterial
Venous bleeding
blood
o Low pressure, flowing
o Oxygen depleted- deep burgundy color
medium flow
a. Bleeding from damaged capillary vessels
b. Dark red
c. Oozes from a wound steadily but slowly
d. More likely to clot spontaneously than arterial
Capillary Bleeding blood
extremely low pressure
slow flow
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, 6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
1. Healing of wounds is a natural process that
involves several overlapping stages, all directed
toward the larger goal of maintaining homeostasis
(balance).
2. Cessation of bleeding is the primary concern.
a. Loss of blood hinders the provision of vital
nutrients and oxygen to the affected area.
b. It also impairs the tissue's ability to eliminate
wastes.
c. The end result is abnormal or absent function,
which interferes with homeostasis.
3. The next wound healing stage is inflammation.
a. Additional cells move into the damaged area to
begin repair.
b. White blood cells migrate to the area to combat
pathogens that have invaded the exposed tissue.
c. Lymphocytes destroy bacteria and other
pathogens.
d. Mast cells release histamine.
e. Inflammation ultimately leads to removal of:
i. Foreign material
ii. Damaged cellular parts
What happens to the iii. Invading microorganisms
body during the wound 4. To replace the area damaged in a soft-tissue
healing process? injury, a new layer of cells must be moved into this
region.
a. Cells quickly multiply and redevelop across the
edges of the wound.
b. Except in cases of clean incisions, the
appearance of the restructured area seldom
returns to the preinjury state.
c. Despite the changed appearance, the function
of the area may be restored to near normal.
5. New blood vessels form as the body attempts to
bring oxygen and nutrients to the injured tissue.
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Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam
Save
Terms in this set (83)
kinetic energy: energy in motion
Kinetic vs Potential
Energy
potential energy: energy at rest
1st: collision of the car with another object (car,
tree, wall). It can tell you a lot about the severity of
the collusion, having an indirect effect on patient
care
2nd: the collision of the passenger against the
interior of the vehicle. Injuries in this part are
typically obvious/dramatic and most commonly
3 collisions within a crash
include lower extremity and rib fractures and head
trauma.
3rd: The collision of the internal organs on the solid
structures of the body. These injuries may not be as
obvious as those from the 2nd collision, but they
can be more serious. (Brain hitting skull, heart
crashing into rib cage)
seat belts are desgined to be worn over the iliac
Proper location for seat
crests of the pelvis to distribute the force over the
belt
bony surface
Airbags · Decrease the severity of deceleration injuries
https://quizlet.com/1057688929/westcoast-emt-block-4-exam-flash-cards/?new 1/47
,6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
decrease the extension of the head and neck to
Headrests
prevent whiplash injuries
1. The heart is divided down the middle into left
and right sides, each with an upper chamber
(atrium) to receive incoming blood and a lower
chamber (ventricle) to pump outgoing blood.
2. Blood leaves each of the four chambers of the
heart through one-way valves, which keep the
Vascular system anatomy blood moving through the circulatory system in the
proper direction.
3. The aorta, the body's main artery, receives blood
ejected from the left ventricle and delivers it to all
other arteries that supply the body's tissues.
Heart (pump), vessels/arteries (pipes), blood (fluid)
1-Superior & Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium, 3-
Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve,
Blood flow through the 6-Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up oxygen, 8-
heart Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve
(Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12- Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta,
14- Body
Lack of circulation of blood due to a stop in blood
Blood stasis
flow
https://quizlet.com/1057688929/westcoast-emt-block-4-exam-flash-cards/?new 2/47
,6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
a. Pressure causes blood to spurt and makes
bleeding difficult to control.
b. Typically brighter red (rich in oxygen) and spurts
in time with the pulse
c. Decreases as the amount of blood circulating in
Arterial bleeding the body drops and blood pressure drops
o High pressure, spurting, pulsating
o Oxygen rich- brighter red
fast flow
a. Dark red (low in oxygen)
b. Flows slowly or rapidly, depending on the size of
the vein
c. Does not spurt and is easier to manage
d. Can be profuse and life threatening
e. More likely to clot spontaneously than arterial
Venous bleeding
blood
o Low pressure, flowing
o Oxygen depleted- deep burgundy color
medium flow
a. Bleeding from damaged capillary vessels
b. Dark red
c. Oozes from a wound steadily but slowly
d. More likely to clot spontaneously than arterial
Capillary Bleeding blood
extremely low pressure
slow flow
https://quizlet.com/1057688929/westcoast-emt-block-4-exam-flash-cards/?new 3/47
, 6/30/25, 11:15 AM Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam Flashcards | Quizlet
1. Healing of wounds is a natural process that
involves several overlapping stages, all directed
toward the larger goal of maintaining homeostasis
(balance).
2. Cessation of bleeding is the primary concern.
a. Loss of blood hinders the provision of vital
nutrients and oxygen to the affected area.
b. It also impairs the tissue's ability to eliminate
wastes.
c. The end result is abnormal or absent function,
which interferes with homeostasis.
3. The next wound healing stage is inflammation.
a. Additional cells move into the damaged area to
begin repair.
b. White blood cells migrate to the area to combat
pathogens that have invaded the exposed tissue.
c. Lymphocytes destroy bacteria and other
pathogens.
d. Mast cells release histamine.
e. Inflammation ultimately leads to removal of:
i. Foreign material
ii. Damaged cellular parts
What happens to the iii. Invading microorganisms
body during the wound 4. To replace the area damaged in a soft-tissue
healing process? injury, a new layer of cells must be moved into this
region.
a. Cells quickly multiply and redevelop across the
edges of the wound.
b. Except in cases of clean incisions, the
appearance of the restructured area seldom
returns to the preinjury state.
c. Despite the changed appearance, the function
of the area may be restored to near normal.
5. New blood vessels form as the body attempts to
bring oxygen and nutrients to the injured tissue.
https://quizlet.com/1057688929/westcoast-emt-block-4-exam-flash-cards/?new 4/47
