1.1 New and emerging technologies
Impact on industry
Low skilled jobs can be replaced by automation and robotics leading to unemployment
Medium and high skilled set jobs will need constant training to ensure they can keep
up with changes in technology
Demographic movement can mean labour shortages are filled but can also lead to a
loss of skilled people
Science and technology parks - encourage collaboration which can lead to faster
technology development
Impact on enterprise
Privately owned businesses - have the ability to easily adapt to changes in the market
but usually do not have enough cash to invest in the new technologies
Crowd funding
Government for new business start ups
Not for profit organisations - any profit made can be reinvested for new technology
Impact on sustainability
Transport costs - modern vehicles and improved engines means less fuel consumption
so transport costs will be lower
Pollution - noise pollution, release of greenhouse gases, water and soil contamination
Demand for natural resources - firms need to be careful if using finite resources and
need to consider ecological footprint for materials and energy used for technology
Waste generated - consideration of the waste that will come out of their product e.g.
can it be recycled etc?
Impact on people
Workforce - technology means they can reduce costs for businesses as less office
space needed and work from home but work life and home life might damage
productivity
Consumers - create demand for latest trends but manufacturers need to respond to
this increasing productivity but more stain on finite materials
Children - help support learn encouraging creativity but could contribute to poor
active lifestyle if it becomes excessive
People with disabilities - improvements to quality of life by being able to make specific
products easily e.g. 3d print
Highly skilled workforce - increased need for skilled workers to work the technology
but jobs might have been lost due to automation
Wage levels - learning new skills can lead to high wages but some previously high paid
jobs might fall because of automation
Apprenticeships - courses can be completed online, new opportunities
Impact on culture
Population movement within the EU - immigrants bring energy, innovation and
experience of different skills however internet might reduce the need for workers to
move
Social segregation
,Impact on society
Change in working hours and shift patterns - remote working means it easily to change
hours to suit personal needs but might lead to decreased efficiency
Internet of things (products connected together via internet) - can experience
connection problems making reliability and issue
Remote working - flexibility in working hours but might feel isolated from limited
interaction with co-workers
Use of video conference meetings - reduces cost of travel
Impact on environment
Pollution - firms to comply with legislation
Waste disposal - design should be considering amount of waste and not using finite
resources
Material separation - means less goes to landfill as things can be recycled
Transportation of goods around the world
Packing of goods
Production techniques
Standardised design and components
When the manufacturer uses the same component over a number of products e.g. nuts and bolts or
resistors
Advantages Disadvantages
Consistent safety and quality Difficult
Cost saving to
Speed up product development as part customise
already exists Quality of
product
may
suffer
Lean manufacturing
Reducing or eliminating waste in design, manufacturing, distribution and customers services e.g.
eliminating overproduction, minimising defects
Advantages Disadvantages
Multi Requires
skilled time
teams consuming
responsible data
for each analysis
part of Requires
production disruptive
which change to
improves existing
efficiency processes
as workers
share skills
Just in time
,Computerised stock control ensure that parts are only received when they are needed in the
production process and go straight to the production site rather than being stored e.g. on demand
publishing (photos)
Advantages Disadvantages
Increase Any break
efficiency in the
Reduces supply
waste chain
holds up
production
Fewer bulk
buying
discounts
Batch
A set number of products are manufactured that are made in limited quantities or for a limited time
e.g. books with limited print run
Advantages Disadvantages
Could Downtime
lower when
capital reconfiguring
costs the
Reduces production
inventory system
/ storage
space
Continuous
Manufacturing of identically high demand products 24 hours a day e.g. glass, nut and bolts
Advantages Disadvantages
Materials can be Automation
cheaper in high leads to
quantities staff
Removes the cost of redundancy
stopping and starting High capital
production processes input
Low
flexibility in
changing
product/
design
One off
A single, unique product made by skilled workers e.g. yachts, specialist furniture
Advantages Disadvantages
High Products
quality are
product expensive
, s - increased
material
and labour
intensive
costs
Production
times are
longer
Mass
Efficiently and consistently producing many products at a low cost per unit e.g. toy manufacture
Advantages Disadvantages
Materials Initial set up
can be costs can be
cheaper high
in higher Repetitive
quantities If production
lines breaks
manufacturing
is halted
1.2 Importance of evaluation and
respective criteria when considering
impact of new and emerging
technologies
Critically evaluating new and emerging technologies that inform design
decisions
Budget constraints
Time scale
Who is the product used for
Materials used
Manufacturing capabilities
Consideration of contemporary and potential future scenarios
Natural disasters - technology allows us to predict weather patterns and enables
better designs e.g. earthquake proof
Medical advances - biotechnology improves overall health (e.g. artificial organs)
Travel - environmental impact is future concern
Global warming
Communication
Ethical perspectives when evaluating new and emerging technologies
Impact on industry
Low skilled jobs can be replaced by automation and robotics leading to unemployment
Medium and high skilled set jobs will need constant training to ensure they can keep
up with changes in technology
Demographic movement can mean labour shortages are filled but can also lead to a
loss of skilled people
Science and technology parks - encourage collaboration which can lead to faster
technology development
Impact on enterprise
Privately owned businesses - have the ability to easily adapt to changes in the market
but usually do not have enough cash to invest in the new technologies
Crowd funding
Government for new business start ups
Not for profit organisations - any profit made can be reinvested for new technology
Impact on sustainability
Transport costs - modern vehicles and improved engines means less fuel consumption
so transport costs will be lower
Pollution - noise pollution, release of greenhouse gases, water and soil contamination
Demand for natural resources - firms need to be careful if using finite resources and
need to consider ecological footprint for materials and energy used for technology
Waste generated - consideration of the waste that will come out of their product e.g.
can it be recycled etc?
Impact on people
Workforce - technology means they can reduce costs for businesses as less office
space needed and work from home but work life and home life might damage
productivity
Consumers - create demand for latest trends but manufacturers need to respond to
this increasing productivity but more stain on finite materials
Children - help support learn encouraging creativity but could contribute to poor
active lifestyle if it becomes excessive
People with disabilities - improvements to quality of life by being able to make specific
products easily e.g. 3d print
Highly skilled workforce - increased need for skilled workers to work the technology
but jobs might have been lost due to automation
Wage levels - learning new skills can lead to high wages but some previously high paid
jobs might fall because of automation
Apprenticeships - courses can be completed online, new opportunities
Impact on culture
Population movement within the EU - immigrants bring energy, innovation and
experience of different skills however internet might reduce the need for workers to
move
Social segregation
,Impact on society
Change in working hours and shift patterns - remote working means it easily to change
hours to suit personal needs but might lead to decreased efficiency
Internet of things (products connected together via internet) - can experience
connection problems making reliability and issue
Remote working - flexibility in working hours but might feel isolated from limited
interaction with co-workers
Use of video conference meetings - reduces cost of travel
Impact on environment
Pollution - firms to comply with legislation
Waste disposal - design should be considering amount of waste and not using finite
resources
Material separation - means less goes to landfill as things can be recycled
Transportation of goods around the world
Packing of goods
Production techniques
Standardised design and components
When the manufacturer uses the same component over a number of products e.g. nuts and bolts or
resistors
Advantages Disadvantages
Consistent safety and quality Difficult
Cost saving to
Speed up product development as part customise
already exists Quality of
product
may
suffer
Lean manufacturing
Reducing or eliminating waste in design, manufacturing, distribution and customers services e.g.
eliminating overproduction, minimising defects
Advantages Disadvantages
Multi Requires
skilled time
teams consuming
responsible data
for each analysis
part of Requires
production disruptive
which change to
improves existing
efficiency processes
as workers
share skills
Just in time
,Computerised stock control ensure that parts are only received when they are needed in the
production process and go straight to the production site rather than being stored e.g. on demand
publishing (photos)
Advantages Disadvantages
Increase Any break
efficiency in the
Reduces supply
waste chain
holds up
production
Fewer bulk
buying
discounts
Batch
A set number of products are manufactured that are made in limited quantities or for a limited time
e.g. books with limited print run
Advantages Disadvantages
Could Downtime
lower when
capital reconfiguring
costs the
Reduces production
inventory system
/ storage
space
Continuous
Manufacturing of identically high demand products 24 hours a day e.g. glass, nut and bolts
Advantages Disadvantages
Materials can be Automation
cheaper in high leads to
quantities staff
Removes the cost of redundancy
stopping and starting High capital
production processes input
Low
flexibility in
changing
product/
design
One off
A single, unique product made by skilled workers e.g. yachts, specialist furniture
Advantages Disadvantages
High Products
quality are
product expensive
, s - increased
material
and labour
intensive
costs
Production
times are
longer
Mass
Efficiently and consistently producing many products at a low cost per unit e.g. toy manufacture
Advantages Disadvantages
Materials Initial set up
can be costs can be
cheaper high
in higher Repetitive
quantities If production
lines breaks
manufacturing
is halted
1.2 Importance of evaluation and
respective criteria when considering
impact of new and emerging
technologies
Critically evaluating new and emerging technologies that inform design
decisions
Budget constraints
Time scale
Who is the product used for
Materials used
Manufacturing capabilities
Consideration of contemporary and potential future scenarios
Natural disasters - technology allows us to predict weather patterns and enables
better designs e.g. earthquake proof
Medical advances - biotechnology improves overall health (e.g. artificial organs)
Travel - environmental impact is future concern
Global warming
Communication
Ethical perspectives when evaluating new and emerging technologies
