TEST BANK FOR A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO
LOGIC 13TH EDITION AUTHOR; PATRICK J.
HURLEY, LORI WATSON LATEST VERSION WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
,Chapter 1 Test A
MULTIPLE CHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
1. There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women
today are working more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing
more. Forty years ago a typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the
typical man performing an activity considered unpleasant. Today, with men
working less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and
growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered
unpleasant.
d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and
women.
e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and
relaxing less.
ANS: D PTS: 2
2. Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially
replaces other metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the
proteins that regulate blood pressure (which can cause development delays in
children and high blood pressure in adults), heme production (which can lead to
anemia), and sperm production. Lead also displaces calcium in the reactions that
transmit electrical impulses in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think and
recall information.
Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to
Chemistry"
a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm
production.
b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in
biochemical reactions.
e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall information.
ANS: C PTS: 2
3. Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was
virtuous to choose the proper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a
particular situation and that extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all
communities there are some men of practical wisdom who have the capacity to judge
wisely. Aristotle argued that they have the capacity to follow the "right rule" whatever
the situation.
David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical
Choice
a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of
virtue itself.
1
, c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the
situation.
d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
e. Nonargument.
ANS: E PTS: 2
4. Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and
federal income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local
merchants, increasing the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they
work for low salaries, which increases the earnings of their employers and the amount
of taxes these employers pay. Thus, it is not correct to say that illegal immigrants
contribute nothing to the communities in which they live.
a. Argument; conclusion: It is not correct to say ... communities in
which they live.
b. Argument; conclusion: They work for low salaries ... these
employers pay.
c. Argument; conclusion: Illegal immigrants pay ... Social
Security tax.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also purchase items ... pay in
taxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS: A PTS: 2
5. Numerous studies have indicated that women of color, black women in particular, are
over-arrested, over-indicted, and over-sentenced. African-American women are seven
times more likely to be arrested for prostitution than women of other ethnic groups.
Black women have received significantly longer sentences for crimes against
property and served longer periods in prison. For both murder and drug offenses,
Euroamerican women ended up serving one-third less time for the same offenses
than black women.
Nancy Kurshan, "Women and Imprisonment in the
U.S."
a. Argument; conclusion: African-American women ... other ethnic
groups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: For both murder and drug offenses ... black
women.
d. Argument; conclusion: Numerous studies have indicated ... over-
sentenced.
e. Argument; conclusion: Black women have received ... longer
periods in prison.
ANS: B PTS: 2
6. It's even more important these days that your computer be protected by a firewall.
There are criminal elements lurking in the shadows of cyberspace who send out
probes to detect unprotected PCs. Once a vulnerable computer is found, these
criminals install software that assists them in committing identity theft and fencing
stolen IDs. They also defraud online advertisers by using these zombie computers to
visit pay-per-click ads.
a. Argument; conclusion: There are criminal elements ... to detect
unprotected PCs.
b. Argument; conclusion: Once a vulnerable computer ... fencing
stolen IDs.
2
, c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also defraud ... to visit pay-per-click
ads.
e. Argument; conclusion: It's even more important ... protected by a
firewall.
ANS: E PTS: 2
7. The earth is of interest to astronomy for many reasons. Nearly all observations must
be made through the atmosphere, and the phenomena of the upper atmosphere and
the magnetosphere reflect the state of interplanetary space. The earth is also the most
important object of comparison for planetologists.
Hannu Karttunen, et al., Fundamental
Astronomy
a. Argument; conclusion: The phenomena ... state of
interplanetary space.
b. Argument; conclusion: The earth is also ... for planetologists.
c. Argument; conclusion: The earth is of interest to astronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument; conclusion: Nearly all observations ... through the
atmosphere.
ANS: C PTS: 2
8. If the trade in tiger products is banned, tiger reserves are guarded by well equipped
staff, communities abutting tiger habitat are given a stake in protecting tigers, and the
makers of traditional medicines can be persuaded that tiger parts are not needed,
then tiger poaching will be halted, habitat and life sustaining prey will be restored,
and the immanent extinction of tigers in the wild will be averted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument; conclusion: The trade in tiger products is banned.
c. Argument; conclusion: Tiger poaching will be halted.
d. Argument; conclusion: The makers of traditional medicines ...
not needed.
e. Argument; conclusion: Tiger poaching will be halted ... will
be averted.
ANS: A PTS: 2
9. Humans are biological organisms. To understand our behavior and mental
processes, we need to understand their biological underpinnings, starting
with the cellular level, the neuron. How we feel, learn, remember, and
think all stem from neuronal activity. So, how a neuron works and how
neurons communicate are crucial pieces of information in solving the
puzzle of human behavior and mental processing.
Richard Griggs, Psychology: A Concise
Introduction
a. Argument; conclusion: To understand our
behavior ... the neuron.
b. Argument; conclusion: Humans are biological
organisms.
c. Argument; conclusion: How we feel ... neuronal
activity.
d. Argument; conclusion: How a neuron works ...
mental processing.
3
LOGIC 13TH EDITION AUTHOR; PATRICK J.
HURLEY, LORI WATSON LATEST VERSION WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
,Chapter 1 Test A
MULTIPLE CHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
1. There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women
today are working more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing
more. Forty years ago a typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the
typical man performing an activity considered unpleasant. Today, with men
working less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and
growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered
unpleasant.
d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and
women.
e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and
relaxing less.
ANS: D PTS: 2
2. Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially
replaces other metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the
proteins that regulate blood pressure (which can cause development delays in
children and high blood pressure in adults), heme production (which can lead to
anemia), and sperm production. Lead also displaces calcium in the reactions that
transmit electrical impulses in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think and
recall information.
Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to
Chemistry"
a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm
production.
b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in
biochemical reactions.
e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall information.
ANS: C PTS: 2
3. Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was
virtuous to choose the proper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a
particular situation and that extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all
communities there are some men of practical wisdom who have the capacity to judge
wisely. Aristotle argued that they have the capacity to follow the "right rule" whatever
the situation.
David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical
Choice
a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of
virtue itself.
1
, c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the
situation.
d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
e. Nonargument.
ANS: E PTS: 2
4. Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and
federal income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local
merchants, increasing the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they
work for low salaries, which increases the earnings of their employers and the amount
of taxes these employers pay. Thus, it is not correct to say that illegal immigrants
contribute nothing to the communities in which they live.
a. Argument; conclusion: It is not correct to say ... communities in
which they live.
b. Argument; conclusion: They work for low salaries ... these
employers pay.
c. Argument; conclusion: Illegal immigrants pay ... Social
Security tax.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also purchase items ... pay in
taxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS: A PTS: 2
5. Numerous studies have indicated that women of color, black women in particular, are
over-arrested, over-indicted, and over-sentenced. African-American women are seven
times more likely to be arrested for prostitution than women of other ethnic groups.
Black women have received significantly longer sentences for crimes against
property and served longer periods in prison. For both murder and drug offenses,
Euroamerican women ended up serving one-third less time for the same offenses
than black women.
Nancy Kurshan, "Women and Imprisonment in the
U.S."
a. Argument; conclusion: African-American women ... other ethnic
groups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: For both murder and drug offenses ... black
women.
d. Argument; conclusion: Numerous studies have indicated ... over-
sentenced.
e. Argument; conclusion: Black women have received ... longer
periods in prison.
ANS: B PTS: 2
6. It's even more important these days that your computer be protected by a firewall.
There are criminal elements lurking in the shadows of cyberspace who send out
probes to detect unprotected PCs. Once a vulnerable computer is found, these
criminals install software that assists them in committing identity theft and fencing
stolen IDs. They also defraud online advertisers by using these zombie computers to
visit pay-per-click ads.
a. Argument; conclusion: There are criminal elements ... to detect
unprotected PCs.
b. Argument; conclusion: Once a vulnerable computer ... fencing
stolen IDs.
2
, c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also defraud ... to visit pay-per-click
ads.
e. Argument; conclusion: It's even more important ... protected by a
firewall.
ANS: E PTS: 2
7. The earth is of interest to astronomy for many reasons. Nearly all observations must
be made through the atmosphere, and the phenomena of the upper atmosphere and
the magnetosphere reflect the state of interplanetary space. The earth is also the most
important object of comparison for planetologists.
Hannu Karttunen, et al., Fundamental
Astronomy
a. Argument; conclusion: The phenomena ... state of
interplanetary space.
b. Argument; conclusion: The earth is also ... for planetologists.
c. Argument; conclusion: The earth is of interest to astronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument; conclusion: Nearly all observations ... through the
atmosphere.
ANS: C PTS: 2
8. If the trade in tiger products is banned, tiger reserves are guarded by well equipped
staff, communities abutting tiger habitat are given a stake in protecting tigers, and the
makers of traditional medicines can be persuaded that tiger parts are not needed,
then tiger poaching will be halted, habitat and life sustaining prey will be restored,
and the immanent extinction of tigers in the wild will be averted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument; conclusion: The trade in tiger products is banned.
c. Argument; conclusion: Tiger poaching will be halted.
d. Argument; conclusion: The makers of traditional medicines ...
not needed.
e. Argument; conclusion: Tiger poaching will be halted ... will
be averted.
ANS: A PTS: 2
9. Humans are biological organisms. To understand our behavior and mental
processes, we need to understand their biological underpinnings, starting
with the cellular level, the neuron. How we feel, learn, remember, and
think all stem from neuronal activity. So, how a neuron works and how
neurons communicate are crucial pieces of information in solving the
puzzle of human behavior and mental processing.
Richard Griggs, Psychology: A Concise
Introduction
a. Argument; conclusion: To understand our
behavior ... the neuron.
b. Argument; conclusion: Humans are biological
organisms.
c. Argument; conclusion: How we feel ... neuronal
activity.
d. Argument; conclusion: How a neuron works ...
mental processing.
3
