HESI RN MEDICAL SURGICAL TEST EXAM WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026 GUARANTEED PASS
| RATED A+
The nurse is caring for a client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who is receiving chemotherapy.
Laboratory results reveal a platelet count of 10,000/ml. What action should the nurse implement?
A) Encourage fluids to 3000 ml/day.
B) Check stools for occult blood.
C) Provide oral hygiene every 2 hours.
D) Check for fever every 4 hours. - Answer>>> B) Check stools for occult blood.
Rationale: Platelet counts less than 100,000/mm3 are indicative of thrombocytopenia, a common
side effect of chemotherapy. A client with thrombocytopenia should be assessed frequently for
occult bleeding in the emesis, sputum, feces (B), urine, nasogastric secretions, or wounds. (A)
does not minimize the risk for bleeding associated with thrombocytopenia. (C) may cause
increased bleeding in a client with thromobcytopenia. (D) assesses for infection, not risk for
bleeding.
A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who was recently transferred to the
Intermediate Care Unit. She states "I don't understand what a brain attack is. The healthcare
provider told me my mother is in serious condition and they are going to run several tests. I just
don't know what is going on. What happened to my mother?" What is the best response by the
nurse?
A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accounting Act (HIPAA), I
cannot give you any information."
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been blocked."
,C) "How do you feel about what the healthcare provider said?"
D) "I will call the healthcare provider so he/she can talk to you about your mother's serious
condition." - Answer>>> B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain
has been blocked."
Rationale: The nurse can discuss what a diagnosis means. Nancy is unable to make decisions, so
the next of kin, her daughter, Gail, needs sufficient information to make informed decisions. The
nurse has the knowledge, and the responsibility, to explain Nancy's condition to Gail. The nurse
should give facts first, and then address her feelings after the information is provided.
What is the normal range for cardiac output? - Answer>>> The normal range for cardiac output
to ensure cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery is 4 to 8 L/min.
A client asks the nurse about the purpose of beginning chemotherapy (CT) because the tumor is
still very small. Which information supports the explanation that the nurse should provide?
A) Side effects are less likely if therapy is started early.
B) Collateral circulation increases as the tumor grows.
C) Sensitivity of cancer cells to CT is based on cell cycle rate.
D) The cell count of the tumor reduces by half with each dose. - Answer>>> D) The cell count
of the tumor reduces by half with each dose.
Rationale: Initiating chemotherapy while the tumor is small provides a better chance of
eradicating all cancer cells because 50% of cancer cells or tumor cells are killed with each dose.
(A, B, and C) vary based on the type of cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client with end stage liver disease who is being assessed for the
presence of asterixis. To assess the client for asterixis, what position should the nurse ask the
client to demonstrate?
,A) Extend the left arm laterally with the left palm upward.
B) Extend the arm, dorsiflex the wrist, and extend the fingers.
C) Extend the arms and hold this position for 30 seconds.
D) Extend arms with both legs adducted to shoulder width. - Answer>>> B) Extend the arm,
dorsiflex the wrist, and extend the fingers.
Rationale: Asterixis (flapping tremor, liver flap) is a hand-flapping tremor that is often seen
frequently in hepatic encephalopathy. The tremor is induced by extending the arm and
dorsiflexing the wrist causing rapid, non-rhythmic extension and flexion of the wrist while
attempting to hold position (B). (A, C, and D) do not illicit axterixis.
A client was admitted with the diagnosis of a brain attack. Their symptoms began 24 hours
before being admitted. Why would this client not be a candidate for for thrombolytic therapy? -
Answer>>> Thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated in clients with symptom onset longer than 3
hours prior to admission. This client had symptoms for 24 hours before being brought to the
medical center
What are plate guards? - Answer>>> Plate guards prevent food from being pushed off the plate.
Using plate guards and other assistive devices will encourage independence in a client with a
self-care deficit.
Which condition is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for a brain attack?
A) High cholesterol levels.
B) Obesity.
C) History of atrial fibrillation.
D) Advanced age. - Answer>>> D) Advanced age.
, Rationale: People over age 55 are a high-risk group for a brain attack because the incidence of
stroke more than doubles in each successive decade of life. Non-modifiable means the client
cannot do anything to change the risk factor. All the other options are modifiable risk factors.
A client is experiencing homonymous hemianopsia as the result of a brain attack. Which nursing
intervention would the nurse implement to address this condition?
A) Turn Nancy every two hours and perform active range of motion exercises.
B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the table.
C) Speak slowly and clearly to assist Nancy in forming sounds to words.
D) Request that the dietary department thicken all liquids on Nancy's meal and snack trays. -
Answer>>> B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the
table.
Rationale: Homonymous hemianopsia is loss of the visual field on the same side as the paralyzed
side. This results in the client neglecting that side of the body, so it is beneficial to place objects
on that side. Nancy had a left-hemisphere brain attack so her right side is the weak side.
Speaking slowly and clearly would address the client's verbal deficits due to aphasia. Requesting
all liquids to be thickened would address dysphagia. Turning the client every 2 hours and
performing active range of motion exercises would address the client's risk for immobility due to
paralysis.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes
mellitus. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse describe when teaching the client about
hypoglycemia?
A) Sweating, trembling, tachycardia.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026 GUARANTEED PASS
| RATED A+
The nurse is caring for a client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who is receiving chemotherapy.
Laboratory results reveal a platelet count of 10,000/ml. What action should the nurse implement?
A) Encourage fluids to 3000 ml/day.
B) Check stools for occult blood.
C) Provide oral hygiene every 2 hours.
D) Check for fever every 4 hours. - Answer>>> B) Check stools for occult blood.
Rationale: Platelet counts less than 100,000/mm3 are indicative of thrombocytopenia, a common
side effect of chemotherapy. A client with thrombocytopenia should be assessed frequently for
occult bleeding in the emesis, sputum, feces (B), urine, nasogastric secretions, or wounds. (A)
does not minimize the risk for bleeding associated with thrombocytopenia. (C) may cause
increased bleeding in a client with thromobcytopenia. (D) assesses for infection, not risk for
bleeding.
A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who was recently transferred to the
Intermediate Care Unit. She states "I don't understand what a brain attack is. The healthcare
provider told me my mother is in serious condition and they are going to run several tests. I just
don't know what is going on. What happened to my mother?" What is the best response by the
nurse?
A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accounting Act (HIPAA), I
cannot give you any information."
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been blocked."
,C) "How do you feel about what the healthcare provider said?"
D) "I will call the healthcare provider so he/she can talk to you about your mother's serious
condition." - Answer>>> B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain
has been blocked."
Rationale: The nurse can discuss what a diagnosis means. Nancy is unable to make decisions, so
the next of kin, her daughter, Gail, needs sufficient information to make informed decisions. The
nurse has the knowledge, and the responsibility, to explain Nancy's condition to Gail. The nurse
should give facts first, and then address her feelings after the information is provided.
What is the normal range for cardiac output? - Answer>>> The normal range for cardiac output
to ensure cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery is 4 to 8 L/min.
A client asks the nurse about the purpose of beginning chemotherapy (CT) because the tumor is
still very small. Which information supports the explanation that the nurse should provide?
A) Side effects are less likely if therapy is started early.
B) Collateral circulation increases as the tumor grows.
C) Sensitivity of cancer cells to CT is based on cell cycle rate.
D) The cell count of the tumor reduces by half with each dose. - Answer>>> D) The cell count
of the tumor reduces by half with each dose.
Rationale: Initiating chemotherapy while the tumor is small provides a better chance of
eradicating all cancer cells because 50% of cancer cells or tumor cells are killed with each dose.
(A, B, and C) vary based on the type of cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client with end stage liver disease who is being assessed for the
presence of asterixis. To assess the client for asterixis, what position should the nurse ask the
client to demonstrate?
,A) Extend the left arm laterally with the left palm upward.
B) Extend the arm, dorsiflex the wrist, and extend the fingers.
C) Extend the arms and hold this position for 30 seconds.
D) Extend arms with both legs adducted to shoulder width. - Answer>>> B) Extend the arm,
dorsiflex the wrist, and extend the fingers.
Rationale: Asterixis (flapping tremor, liver flap) is a hand-flapping tremor that is often seen
frequently in hepatic encephalopathy. The tremor is induced by extending the arm and
dorsiflexing the wrist causing rapid, non-rhythmic extension and flexion of the wrist while
attempting to hold position (B). (A, C, and D) do not illicit axterixis.
A client was admitted with the diagnosis of a brain attack. Their symptoms began 24 hours
before being admitted. Why would this client not be a candidate for for thrombolytic therapy? -
Answer>>> Thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated in clients with symptom onset longer than 3
hours prior to admission. This client had symptoms for 24 hours before being brought to the
medical center
What are plate guards? - Answer>>> Plate guards prevent food from being pushed off the plate.
Using plate guards and other assistive devices will encourage independence in a client with a
self-care deficit.
Which condition is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for a brain attack?
A) High cholesterol levels.
B) Obesity.
C) History of atrial fibrillation.
D) Advanced age. - Answer>>> D) Advanced age.
, Rationale: People over age 55 are a high-risk group for a brain attack because the incidence of
stroke more than doubles in each successive decade of life. Non-modifiable means the client
cannot do anything to change the risk factor. All the other options are modifiable risk factors.
A client is experiencing homonymous hemianopsia as the result of a brain attack. Which nursing
intervention would the nurse implement to address this condition?
A) Turn Nancy every two hours and perform active range of motion exercises.
B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the table.
C) Speak slowly and clearly to assist Nancy in forming sounds to words.
D) Request that the dietary department thicken all liquids on Nancy's meal and snack trays. -
Answer>>> B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the
table.
Rationale: Homonymous hemianopsia is loss of the visual field on the same side as the paralyzed
side. This results in the client neglecting that side of the body, so it is beneficial to place objects
on that side. Nancy had a left-hemisphere brain attack so her right side is the weak side.
Speaking slowly and clearly would address the client's verbal deficits due to aphasia. Requesting
all liquids to be thickened would address dysphagia. Turning the client every 2 hours and
performing active range of motion exercises would address the client's risk for immobility due to
paralysis.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes
mellitus. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse describe when teaching the client about
hypoglycemia?
A) Sweating, trembling, tachycardia.
