Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1
VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED & ELABORATED) ACTUAL EXAM 202
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1. What are the 5 1. define the pt's problem
WHO prescribing 2. Specify therapeutic objectives
guidelines? 3. choose which drug or treatment is needed
4. Write the Rx and start tx
5. Educate and counsel the pt
6. monitor effect of treatment
2. WHO rx guideline Define the pt's problem . This forms the basis for choosing and rx-ing the correct
1 treatment.
Consultation should include: complaints, symptoms, diagnosis and relevant char-
acteristics like co-morbidities, co-medication, pregnancy, drug allergies
3. WHO rx guideline Specify the therapeutic objective. What needs to be treated?
2
4. WHO rx guideline 3a. select the p-drug (prescribers personal drug of first choice for the indication.)
3 3b. Is the p-drug appropriate? checking for contraindications, interactions, preg-
nancy, allergies, etc.
5. WHO rx guideline Write rx and start the treatment.
4
6. WHO rx guideline Educate and counsel the pt. Intructions and warnings about the tx.
5
7. WHO rx 6 Monitor the treatment.
8. Coreg *beta blocker used to treat mild to severe CHF, left ventricular dysfunction following
(Carvedilol) MI, HTN.
*works by causing vasodilation to the peripheral vasculature to decrease the
workload on the heart.
*Non selective beta blocker and Alpha-1 blocker
*3rd generation beta blocker
, Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gie69e
*particularly useful in African Americans
*Dose: 0.625 mg-25mg PO BID with food
*administering with food helps prevent postural hypotension
*Education: don't skip doses, take with food
9. hypersensitivty 1. A-allergic
reactions: 2.C-cytotoxic
mnemonic ACID 3.I- Immune complex deposition
4. D-delayed
10. Type I hypersen- A-allergic
sitivity *IgE mediated- quick onset after exposure
*production of IgE after antigen exposure.
*urticaria, wheezing, rhinitis, anaphylaxis
11. Type II hypersen- C-cytotoxic
sitivity *cytotoxic/antibody mediated
* drug binds to RBCs and is recognized by antibody-usually IgG
*complement and cytotoxic T cells are activated
*Rare response
12. Type III hyper- I-immune complex/IgG/IgM mediated
sensitivity *antibodies are formed against soluble antigens. ANtigen-antibody complexes are
deposited in tissues such as joints and lungs.
*cause serum sickness. Ex: ceclor (antibiotic)
13. Type IV hyper- D-delayed- delayed or cell mediated
sensitivity *cytotoxic T cells are activated
*poison ivy, latex, etc
*causes contact dermatitis
*cytokine storm if there is repeated exposure
14. Grapefruit juice
, Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1
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*increases drug toxicity
*don't drink with SSRIs, calcium channel blockers, statins, benzos
*increases absorption and decreases the metabolism
15. At- *anticholinergic
ropine-class/mech-*inhibits action of acetylcholine and blocks the PNS.
anism of action *Increases HR by increasing conduction int eh SA and AV node
16. atropine- indica- *symptomatic bradycardia (sinus, junctional, AV blocks, causing significant hy-
tions potension, ventricular ectopy, angina, etc.)
*organphosphate poisoning
* RSI in peds
*beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdose
17. atropine- con- *tachycardia
traindications *HTN
*hypothermic bradycardia
*narrow angle glaucoma
18. atropine adverse drowsiness, confusion, HA, tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias, N/V, paradox-
reactions ical bradycardia if pushed too slowly or given in low doses
19. atropine special Pregnancy category C
considerations to paradoxical bradycardia can occur with doses lower than 0.1 mg.
know
20. Types of choliner- 1. Muscarinic (G protein linked)
gic receptors -M2- health and smooth muscle
-M3- glands and endothelium
-M1,4,5-nerves
2. Nicotinic receptors (ion channel mediated)
- Nm-Skeletal muscle
Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1
VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED & ELABORATED) ACTUAL EXAM 202
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gie69e
1. What are the 5 1. define the pt's problem
WHO prescribing 2. Specify therapeutic objectives
guidelines? 3. choose which drug or treatment is needed
4. Write the Rx and start tx
5. Educate and counsel the pt
6. monitor effect of treatment
2. WHO rx guideline Define the pt's problem . This forms the basis for choosing and rx-ing the correct
1 treatment.
Consultation should include: complaints, symptoms, diagnosis and relevant char-
acteristics like co-morbidities, co-medication, pregnancy, drug allergies
3. WHO rx guideline Specify the therapeutic objective. What needs to be treated?
2
4. WHO rx guideline 3a. select the p-drug (prescribers personal drug of first choice for the indication.)
3 3b. Is the p-drug appropriate? checking for contraindications, interactions, preg-
nancy, allergies, etc.
5. WHO rx guideline Write rx and start the treatment.
4
6. WHO rx guideline Educate and counsel the pt. Intructions and warnings about the tx.
5
7. WHO rx 6 Monitor the treatment.
8. Coreg *beta blocker used to treat mild to severe CHF, left ventricular dysfunction following
(Carvedilol) MI, HTN.
*works by causing vasodilation to the peripheral vasculature to decrease the
workload on the heart.
*Non selective beta blocker and Alpha-1 blocker
*3rd generation beta blocker
, Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gie69e
*particularly useful in African Americans
*Dose: 0.625 mg-25mg PO BID with food
*administering with food helps prevent postural hypotension
*Education: don't skip doses, take with food
9. hypersensitivty 1. A-allergic
reactions: 2.C-cytotoxic
mnemonic ACID 3.I- Immune complex deposition
4. D-delayed
10. Type I hypersen- A-allergic
sitivity *IgE mediated- quick onset after exposure
*production of IgE after antigen exposure.
*urticaria, wheezing, rhinitis, anaphylaxis
11. Type II hypersen- C-cytotoxic
sitivity *cytotoxic/antibody mediated
* drug binds to RBCs and is recognized by antibody-usually IgG
*complement and cytotoxic T cells are activated
*Rare response
12. Type III hyper- I-immune complex/IgG/IgM mediated
sensitivity *antibodies are formed against soluble antigens. ANtigen-antibody complexes are
deposited in tissues such as joints and lungs.
*cause serum sickness. Ex: ceclor (antibiotic)
13. Type IV hyper- D-delayed- delayed or cell mediated
sensitivity *cytotoxic T cells are activated
*poison ivy, latex, etc
*causes contact dermatitis
*cytokine storm if there is repeated exposure
14. Grapefruit juice
, Maryville Pharmacology Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gie69e
*increases drug toxicity
*don't drink with SSRIs, calcium channel blockers, statins, benzos
*increases absorption and decreases the metabolism
15. At- *anticholinergic
ropine-class/mech-*inhibits action of acetylcholine and blocks the PNS.
anism of action *Increases HR by increasing conduction int eh SA and AV node
16. atropine- indica- *symptomatic bradycardia (sinus, junctional, AV blocks, causing significant hy-
tions potension, ventricular ectopy, angina, etc.)
*organphosphate poisoning
* RSI in peds
*beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdose
17. atropine- con- *tachycardia
traindications *HTN
*hypothermic bradycardia
*narrow angle glaucoma
18. atropine adverse drowsiness, confusion, HA, tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias, N/V, paradox-
reactions ical bradycardia if pushed too slowly or given in low doses
19. atropine special Pregnancy category C
considerations to paradoxical bradycardia can occur with doses lower than 0.1 mg.
know
20. Types of choliner- 1. Muscarinic (G protein linked)
gic receptors -M2- health and smooth muscle
-M3- glands and endothelium
-M1,4,5-nerves
2. Nicotinic receptors (ion channel mediated)
- Nm-Skeletal muscle
