HESI Fundamentals Practice Exam 74 Questions &
Answers!! New Update 2025
The isolation from peers may occur gradually to result in a loss of all meaningful social contacts.
Isolation can be self-imposed or can occur as a result of the inability to express feelings to peers or
family members. During adolescence, an important benchmark is to achieve a sense of identity and peer
acceptance.
A 28 year-old is transferred to the emergency department (ED) via ambulance with a traumatic head
injury. The client is awake and reports having a headache and some amnesia. What are the priority
nursing interventions for this client? (Select all that apply.)
Assess the airway
Prepare for CT imaging of the head
Position this client in high Fowler's position
Assess vital signs and neurological function
Assess the wound for presence of drainage or bruising on the head - <<<answer>>>Assess the airway
Prepare for CT imaging of the head
,Assess vital signs and neurological function
Assess the wound for presence of drainage or bruising on the head
A 3 year-old child who is diagnosed with celiac disease attends a day care center. Which of the following
foods would be an appropriate snack?
A 14 month-old had cleft palate surgical repair several days ago. The parents ask the nurse about
feedings after discharge. Which lunch is the best example of an appropriate meal at this time?
Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice cream, milk
Hot dog, carrot sticks, gelatin, milk
Baked chicken, applesauce, cookie, milk
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, chips, pudding, milk - <<<answer>>>Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice
cream, milk
In a child with cleft palate repair several days ago, parents should prepare soft foods. Any foods with
particles that might traumatize the surgical site should be avoided. The other choices include items such
as carrots, chips and cookie and are either stiff or rough types of food.
A 14 month-old infant is brought to the emergency department with irritability, lethargy over two days,
dry skin, and increased pulse. What additional question would be most important for the nurse to ask in
assisting the provider with determination of the diagnosis?
Change in eating habits
The number of wet diapers in the past two days - <<<answer>>>The number of wet diapers in the past
two days
,Based on these clinical findings, the nurse might suspect that the infant is dehydrated. Asking about the
number of wet diapers would assess for decreased urine output, a key finding in dehydration. Asking
about increased concentration of the urine would also be appropriate. The other questions, while
appropriate, would not provide the most helpful diagnostic information.
A 16 year-old client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of attempted suicide. The nurse
should understand that a more frequent cause for suicide in adolescents is which factor?
Feelings of anger or hostility with others
Progressive failure to adapt socially
Reunion wish or fantasy of the supernatural
Feelings of alienation or isolation from peers - <<<answer>>>Feelings of alienation or isolation from
peers
Reverse of sleep-wake cycles
Use of daycare
Cheese crackers
Peanut butter sandwich
Vanilla cookies
, Potato chips - <<<answer>>>Potato chips
A 38 year-old female client is admitted to the hospital diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of asthma.
This is her third admission for asthma in seven months and she admits she doesn't really like having to
use her medications all the time. Which explanation by the nurse best describes the long-term
consequence of uncontrolled airway inflammation?
Chronic bronchoconstriction of the large airways will occur
The client will experience frequent bouts of pneumonia
The alveoli will degenerate and balloon out
Lung remodeling and permanent changes in lung function will result - <<<answer>>>Lung remodeling
and permanent changes in lung function will result
While an asthma attack is an acute event from which lung function essentially returns to normal.
Chronic undertreated asthma can lead to lung remodeling and permanent changes in lung function.
Increased bronchial vascular permeability leads to chronic airway edema, which leads to mucosal
thickening and swelling of the airway. Increased mucous secretion and viscosity may plug airways and
lead to airway obstruction. Changes in the extracellular matrix in the airway wall may also lead to airway
obstruction. These long-term consequences should help reinforce the need for daily management of the
disease whether the client "feels better" or not.
Correct!
A 48-year old female with metastatic breast cancer is scheduled to receive her first dose of a
trastuzumab (Herceptin). Which of the following results would prompt the nurse to hold the prescribed
treatment and discuss the assessment with the ordering health care provider?
Blood glucose 130 mg/dL
Answers!! New Update 2025
The isolation from peers may occur gradually to result in a loss of all meaningful social contacts.
Isolation can be self-imposed or can occur as a result of the inability to express feelings to peers or
family members. During adolescence, an important benchmark is to achieve a sense of identity and peer
acceptance.
A 28 year-old is transferred to the emergency department (ED) via ambulance with a traumatic head
injury. The client is awake and reports having a headache and some amnesia. What are the priority
nursing interventions for this client? (Select all that apply.)
Assess the airway
Prepare for CT imaging of the head
Position this client in high Fowler's position
Assess vital signs and neurological function
Assess the wound for presence of drainage or bruising on the head - <<<answer>>>Assess the airway
Prepare for CT imaging of the head
,Assess vital signs and neurological function
Assess the wound for presence of drainage or bruising on the head
A 3 year-old child who is diagnosed with celiac disease attends a day care center. Which of the following
foods would be an appropriate snack?
A 14 month-old had cleft palate surgical repair several days ago. The parents ask the nurse about
feedings after discharge. Which lunch is the best example of an appropriate meal at this time?
Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice cream, milk
Hot dog, carrot sticks, gelatin, milk
Baked chicken, applesauce, cookie, milk
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, chips, pudding, milk - <<<answer>>>Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice
cream, milk
In a child with cleft palate repair several days ago, parents should prepare soft foods. Any foods with
particles that might traumatize the surgical site should be avoided. The other choices include items such
as carrots, chips and cookie and are either stiff or rough types of food.
A 14 month-old infant is brought to the emergency department with irritability, lethargy over two days,
dry skin, and increased pulse. What additional question would be most important for the nurse to ask in
assisting the provider with determination of the diagnosis?
Change in eating habits
The number of wet diapers in the past two days - <<<answer>>>The number of wet diapers in the past
two days
,Based on these clinical findings, the nurse might suspect that the infant is dehydrated. Asking about the
number of wet diapers would assess for decreased urine output, a key finding in dehydration. Asking
about increased concentration of the urine would also be appropriate. The other questions, while
appropriate, would not provide the most helpful diagnostic information.
A 16 year-old client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of attempted suicide. The nurse
should understand that a more frequent cause for suicide in adolescents is which factor?
Feelings of anger or hostility with others
Progressive failure to adapt socially
Reunion wish or fantasy of the supernatural
Feelings of alienation or isolation from peers - <<<answer>>>Feelings of alienation or isolation from
peers
Reverse of sleep-wake cycles
Use of daycare
Cheese crackers
Peanut butter sandwich
Vanilla cookies
, Potato chips - <<<answer>>>Potato chips
A 38 year-old female client is admitted to the hospital diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of asthma.
This is her third admission for asthma in seven months and she admits she doesn't really like having to
use her medications all the time. Which explanation by the nurse best describes the long-term
consequence of uncontrolled airway inflammation?
Chronic bronchoconstriction of the large airways will occur
The client will experience frequent bouts of pneumonia
The alveoli will degenerate and balloon out
Lung remodeling and permanent changes in lung function will result - <<<answer>>>Lung remodeling
and permanent changes in lung function will result
While an asthma attack is an acute event from which lung function essentially returns to normal.
Chronic undertreated asthma can lead to lung remodeling and permanent changes in lung function.
Increased bronchial vascular permeability leads to chronic airway edema, which leads to mucosal
thickening and swelling of the airway. Increased mucous secretion and viscosity may plug airways and
lead to airway obstruction. Changes in the extracellular matrix in the airway wall may also lead to airway
obstruction. These long-term consequences should help reinforce the need for daily management of the
disease whether the client "feels better" or not.
Correct!
A 48-year old female with metastatic breast cancer is scheduled to receive her first dose of a
trastuzumab (Herceptin). Which of the following results would prompt the nurse to hold the prescribed
treatment and discuss the assessment with the ordering health care provider?
Blood glucose 130 mg/dL
