Nurs
549
/
Midterm
/
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
/ / / / /
What /is /pharmacokinetics?
What /are /the /four /properties /of /pharmacokinetics? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔What /the /body /does /to /the /drug. /Absorption, /distribution, /metabolism, /elimination.
How /does /pH /effect /absorption? /Where /are /acids /absorbed /best? /Bases? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Like /absorbs /like. /Acids /in /the /stomach. /Bases /in /the /small /intestine.
What
/is
/volume
/of
/distribution? /How /does /is /relate /to /plasma /protein /and /drug /absorption. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Theoretical
/volume
/that
/drugs
/have
/to
/distribute
/in
/body.
/High
/VD:
/hydrophobic,
/small
,/molecular
/weight,
/not /bound /to /plasma /protein. /Low /VD: /hydrophilic, /large /molecular /weight, /bound /to /plasma
/protein.
What /is /steady /state /plasma /concentration? /Influencing /factors? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Amount
/being
/administered=Amount
/being
/eliminated.
/Directly
/proportional
/to
/infusion
/rate,
/inversely
/proportional
/to
/elimination
/rate.
/Frequency
/of /dose /does /not /effect. /Loading /dose /helps /reach /sooner. /Takes /approximately /4 /1/2 /lives.
What
/drugs
/are
/unionized?
/What /drugs /are /ionized? /Which /ones /cross /cell /membrane /best? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Unionized= /lipid, /ionized= /water. /Lipid /soluble /passively /diffuse /best.
First /order /kinetics? /Zero /order /kinetics? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔First /order= /fraction /via /1/2 /lives, /zero /order= /amount
, In /the /GI /tract, /where /are /drugs /absorbed /most /efficiently? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Small /intestine. /Abundance /of /microvilli.
What /is /bioavailability? /Rank /routes /from /most /available /to /least. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Fraction /of /administered /drug /that /reaches /systemic /circulation /unchanged. /IV-IM-SQ-PO
Define /the /first /pass /effect /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Blood /passes /through /the /liver /before /reaching /the /systemic /circulation. /Concentration /of
/PO /meds /can /be /reduced /greatly.
What /is /the /therapeutic /index? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔ratio /of /toxic /dose /to /therapeutic /dose. /the /higher /the /ration, /the /safer /the /drug.
What /are /the /four /major /receptor /families? /Give /an /example /of /each. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔1. /transmembrane /ligand /gated: /nicotinic
2. /g /protein /coupled: /uses /second /messengers, /alpha /and /beta
3. /enzyme /linked: /insulin
4. /intracellular: /steroids
Define /graded /dose-response /curve. /What /is /potency? /Efficacy? /EC50. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Graph
/of
/increasing
/response
/to
/increasing
/drug
/concentration
/or
/dose.
/Potency=
/amount
549
/
Midterm
/
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
/ / / / /
What /is /pharmacokinetics?
What /are /the /four /properties /of /pharmacokinetics? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔What /the /body /does /to /the /drug. /Absorption, /distribution, /metabolism, /elimination.
How /does /pH /effect /absorption? /Where /are /acids /absorbed /best? /Bases? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Like /absorbs /like. /Acids /in /the /stomach. /Bases /in /the /small /intestine.
What
/is
/volume
/of
/distribution? /How /does /is /relate /to /plasma /protein /and /drug /absorption. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Theoretical
/volume
/that
/drugs
/have
/to
/distribute
/in
/body.
/High
/VD:
/hydrophobic,
/small
,/molecular
/weight,
/not /bound /to /plasma /protein. /Low /VD: /hydrophilic, /large /molecular /weight, /bound /to /plasma
/protein.
What /is /steady /state /plasma /concentration? /Influencing /factors? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Amount
/being
/administered=Amount
/being
/eliminated.
/Directly
/proportional
/to
/infusion
/rate,
/inversely
/proportional
/to
/elimination
/rate.
/Frequency
/of /dose /does /not /effect. /Loading /dose /helps /reach /sooner. /Takes /approximately /4 /1/2 /lives.
What
/drugs
/are
/unionized?
/What /drugs /are /ionized? /Which /ones /cross /cell /membrane /best? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Unionized= /lipid, /ionized= /water. /Lipid /soluble /passively /diffuse /best.
First /order /kinetics? /Zero /order /kinetics? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔First /order= /fraction /via /1/2 /lives, /zero /order= /amount
, In /the /GI /tract, /where /are /drugs /absorbed /most /efficiently? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Small /intestine. /Abundance /of /microvilli.
What /is /bioavailability? /Rank /routes /from /most /available /to /least. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Fraction /of /administered /drug /that /reaches /systemic /circulation /unchanged. /IV-IM-SQ-PO
Define /the /first /pass /effect /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Blood /passes /through /the /liver /before /reaching /the /systemic /circulation. /Concentration /of
/PO /meds /can /be /reduced /greatly.
What /is /the /therapeutic /index? /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔ratio /of /toxic /dose /to /therapeutic /dose. /the /higher /the /ration, /the /safer /the /drug.
What /are /the /four /major /receptor /families? /Give /an /example /of /each. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔1. /transmembrane /ligand /gated: /nicotinic
2. /g /protein /coupled: /uses /second /messengers, /alpha /and /beta
3. /enzyme /linked: /insulin
4. /intracellular: /steroids
Define /graded /dose-response /curve. /What /is /potency? /Efficacy? /EC50. /- /verified /answer(s)-
✔✔Graph
/of
/increasing
/response
/to
/increasing
/drug
/concentration
/or
/dose.
/Potency=
/amount
