BIOL 250 Exam 1 Test, Study Guide questions with answers

BIOL 250 Exam 1 Test, Study Guide \| \| \| \| \| \| \|




questions with answers \| \|




A pure culture
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A) is sterile.
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B) is a population of identical cells.
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C) is made of a precisely defined chemical medium.
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D) contains one microbial cell. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔B
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Microbial cells first evolved on Earth approximately ________ _______ years
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ago.



A) 1.6 to 1.8 million
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B) 7.0 to 7.2 million
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C) 3.8 to 3.9 billion
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D) 10.5 to 11.5 billion
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E) None of the above - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C
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Predict how Pasteur's conclusions on spontaneous generation with swan flasks
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would have changed if he worked with and maintained the flasks in a laminar
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flow

,hood (where the air is sterile).
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A) Sterilization of the swan flask solutions would not have been necessary to
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reject spontaneous generation. If he did sterilize the flasks, the spontaneous
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generation hypothesis would have been supported.
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B) His incubation times would not have been sufficient to refute spontaneous
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generation.

C) Pasteur's flasks never would have putrefied, and the experiment would not
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have refuted spontaneous generation.
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D) Viruses would have still been present, and his conclusion would have been
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unchanged. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C \| \| \| \|




Of the structures listed below, which one is found in the outer most membrane
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of a Gram-negative cell?
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A) Ribosomes
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B) The peptidoglycan layer
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C) The periplasm
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D) LPS (lipopolysaccharide) layer - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔D
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Gram-positive bacteria stain _____ with a Gram stain reaction because they
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have a __________ peptidoglycan layer than Gram-negative bacteria.
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A) red / thinner
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B) purple/ thinner
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,C) purple / thicker
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D) red / thicker - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C
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Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
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A) Flagella allow bacteria to glide
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B) Flagella allow bacteria to swim
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C) The directed movement of bacterial cells in response to a gradient of a
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chemical, is called chemotaxis \| \| \|




D) A and C are correct
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E) B and C are correct - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔E
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Electron microscopy has _________ ________ than light microscopy, because
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the wavelengths of electrons are much ___________ than the wavelength of
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visible light. \|




A) higher resolution/smaller
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B) lower magnification/larger
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C) higher resolution/larger
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D) lower resolution/smaller - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A
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Which of the following statements are false:
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, A) Poly-β-alkanoates (PHA) such as poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) are
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carbon- and energy-storing polymers that can be used to produce
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biodegradable plastics. \|




B) A major function of prokaryotic gas vesicles is to confer buoyancy on cells
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by decreasing their density
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C) A major function of the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes is to act as a
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permeability barrier. \|




D) Scanning electron microscopy can be used to visualize the different layers
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of the cell membrane(s) and cell wall - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔D
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From the standpoint of the microorganism, in glycolysis the useful product(s)
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are



A) Anabolic intermediates
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B) ATP
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C) Fermentation products such as lactic acid and ethanol
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D) Both (A) and (B)
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E) (A), (B), and (C) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔D
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During respiration electrons from the __________ of substrates are used to
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________ a terminal electron acceptor that is either oxygen (aerobic
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respiration) or some other inorganic compound (anaerobic respiration).
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A) reduction / oxidize
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B) transport / degrade
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