STUDY GUIDE + ANSWER KEYS
CHAPTER 1 - 31
STUDY GUIDE
, Contents
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO CHILD HEALTH NURSING
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children, 1
UNIT II GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: THE CHILD AND THE FAMILY
Chapter 2 Family-Centered Nursing Care, 7
Chapter 3 Communicating with Children and Families, 13
Chapter 4 Health Promotion for the Developing Child, 18
Chapter 5 Health Promotion for the Infant, 27
Chapter 6 Health Promotion during Early Childhood, 33
Chapter 7 Health Promotion for the School-Age Child, 39
Chapter 8 Health Promotion for the Adolescent, 44
UNIT III SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN CARING FOR CHILDREN
Chapter 9 Physical Assessment of Children, 48
Chapter 10 Emergency Care of the Child, 55
Chapter 11 The Ill Child in the Hospital and Other Care Settings, 65
Chapter 12 The Child with a Chronic Condition or Terminal Illness, 71
Chapter 13 Principles and Procedures for Nursing Care of Children, 77
Chapter 14 Medication Administration and Safety for Infants and Children, 85
Chapter 15 Pain Management for Children, 93
UNIT IV CARING FOR CHILDREN WITH HEALTH PROBLEMS
Chapter 16 The Child with a Fluid and Electrolyte Alteration, 98
Chapter 17 The Child with an Infectious Disease, 104
Chapter 18 The Child with an Immunologic Alteration, 109
Chapter 19 The Child with a Gastrointestinal Alteration, 115
Chapter 20 The Child with a Genitourinary Alteration, 123
Chapter 21 The Child with a Respiratory Alteration, 129
Chapter 22 The Child with a Cardiovascular Alteration, 138
Chapter 23 The Child with a Hematologic Alteration, 146
v
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Contents
,Chapter 24 The Child with Cancer, 153
Chapter 25 The Child with Major Alterations in Tissue Integrity, 162
Chapter 26 The Child with a Musculoskeletal Alteration, 173
Chapter 27 The Child with an Endocrine or Metabolic Alteration, 181
Chapter 28 The Child with a Neurologic Alteration, 192
Chapter 29 The Child and Family with Psychosocial Alterations, 203
Chapter 30 The Child with a Developmental Disability, 211
Chapter 31 The Child with a Sensory Alteration, 218
Answer Key, 226
1
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
, Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
HELPFUL HINT
A textbook covering the fundamentals of nursing or United States government websites can provide useful
supplemental information on many of the topics covered in this chapter.
STUDENT LEARNING EXERCISES
Definitions
Match each term with its definition.
1. Advocacy a. Level of care expected from a professional
b. Ratio of sick to well people in a defined population
c. Procedures that allow nurses to perform
2. Bioethics
duties that are usually part of the medical
practice
d. Speaking or acting in support of a policy
3. Ethical dilemma
or a person’s rights
e. Number of deaths per 1000 live births
that occur within the first 12 months
4. Morbidity rate
of life
f. Situation in which no solution seems
completely satisfactory
5. Infant mortality rate
g. Rules or principles that govern ethical
conduct related to healthcare
6. Standard of care
7. Standardized
practices
v
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Contents
,Historical Perspectives
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
8. Throughout history children have been valued and protected by society.
9. During the nineteenth century, the most serious health problems facing children were directly
related to poverty and overcrowding.
10. William Cadogan created the first public health program for mothers and children.
11. Hospital policies have changed in response to an increased awareness of children’s
emotional and psychological needs.
12. Because of technological advances, children with chronic disabilities are living longer.
13. Title V of the Social Security Act provides funds for maternal-child healthcare programs.
14. Family-centered care views parents and health care professionals as equal partners in
children’s health care.
3
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
,15. How has the Association for the Care of Children’s Health (ACCH) affected the care of hospitalized children?
Current Trends and Issues
16. What is Healthy People 2020?
17. What are diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)?
18. Define case management.
19. What are clinical pathways?
20. List two public health insurance programs for children.
a.
b.
2
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,Describe the following health care assistance programs
21. WIC
22. EPSDT
23. Public Law 99-457
24. Healthy Start
3
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
, Statistics on Infant and Child Health
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
25. African-American infants are more likely than white infants to be born prematurely.
26. Poverty plays an important role in infant mortality.
27. The United States has the third lowest infant mortality rate among developed nations.
28. Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among children 1 to 19 years of age.
Ethical Perspectives in Child Health Nursing
Match each ethical principle with its correct description.
29. Beneficence a. The obligation to avoid causing harm
b. The obligation to treat all people equally and fairly
c. The obligation to do or promote good for others
30.
Nonmaleficence d. The right of individuals for self-determination
31. Autonomy
32. Justice
Legal Issues
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
33. Nurse practice acts do not vary from state to state.
34. Standards of care are set by professional associations and describe the level of care that
should be expected from practitioners.
4
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,35. Nurses should be familiar with the policies, procedures, and protocols in the institutions
in which they work.
36. What are the four elements of negligence?
a.
b.
c.
d.
37. What are the four requirements of informed consent?
a.
b.
c.
d.
5
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
, Social Issues
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
38. Children living in poverty are more likely to be in poor health than are children in other
socioeconomic groups.
39. The number of families living in poverty is higher in the Southern and Western regions of
the United States.
40. Single mothers and children are the fastest growing group of homeless people.
41. Nurses should ask children about whether there is violence in the home, school, and neighborhood.
42. Parents should limit their children’s exposure to electronic media (e.g., television,
computers, video games) to less than 4 hours a day.
The Professional Nurse
43. List the various roles assumed by the pediatric nurse.
44. How do the roles and responsibilities of a pediatric nurse practitioner differ from those of a clinical nurse specialist?
6
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
CHAPTER 1 - 31
STUDY GUIDE
, Contents
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO CHILD HEALTH NURSING
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children, 1
UNIT II GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: THE CHILD AND THE FAMILY
Chapter 2 Family-Centered Nursing Care, 7
Chapter 3 Communicating with Children and Families, 13
Chapter 4 Health Promotion for the Developing Child, 18
Chapter 5 Health Promotion for the Infant, 27
Chapter 6 Health Promotion during Early Childhood, 33
Chapter 7 Health Promotion for the School-Age Child, 39
Chapter 8 Health Promotion for the Adolescent, 44
UNIT III SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN CARING FOR CHILDREN
Chapter 9 Physical Assessment of Children, 48
Chapter 10 Emergency Care of the Child, 55
Chapter 11 The Ill Child in the Hospital and Other Care Settings, 65
Chapter 12 The Child with a Chronic Condition or Terminal Illness, 71
Chapter 13 Principles and Procedures for Nursing Care of Children, 77
Chapter 14 Medication Administration and Safety for Infants and Children, 85
Chapter 15 Pain Management for Children, 93
UNIT IV CARING FOR CHILDREN WITH HEALTH PROBLEMS
Chapter 16 The Child with a Fluid and Electrolyte Alteration, 98
Chapter 17 The Child with an Infectious Disease, 104
Chapter 18 The Child with an Immunologic Alteration, 109
Chapter 19 The Child with a Gastrointestinal Alteration, 115
Chapter 20 The Child with a Genitourinary Alteration, 123
Chapter 21 The Child with a Respiratory Alteration, 129
Chapter 22 The Child with a Cardiovascular Alteration, 138
Chapter 23 The Child with a Hematologic Alteration, 146
v
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Contents
,Chapter 24 The Child with Cancer, 153
Chapter 25 The Child with Major Alterations in Tissue Integrity, 162
Chapter 26 The Child with a Musculoskeletal Alteration, 173
Chapter 27 The Child with an Endocrine or Metabolic Alteration, 181
Chapter 28 The Child with a Neurologic Alteration, 192
Chapter 29 The Child and Family with Psychosocial Alterations, 203
Chapter 30 The Child with a Developmental Disability, 211
Chapter 31 The Child with a Sensory Alteration, 218
Answer Key, 226
1
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
, Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
HELPFUL HINT
A textbook covering the fundamentals of nursing or United States government websites can provide useful
supplemental information on many of the topics covered in this chapter.
STUDENT LEARNING EXERCISES
Definitions
Match each term with its definition.
1. Advocacy a. Level of care expected from a professional
b. Ratio of sick to well people in a defined population
c. Procedures that allow nurses to perform
2. Bioethics
duties that are usually part of the medical
practice
d. Speaking or acting in support of a policy
3. Ethical dilemma
or a person’s rights
e. Number of deaths per 1000 live births
that occur within the first 12 months
4. Morbidity rate
of life
f. Situation in which no solution seems
completely satisfactory
5. Infant mortality rate
g. Rules or principles that govern ethical
conduct related to healthcare
6. Standard of care
7. Standardized
practices
v
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Contents
,Historical Perspectives
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
8. Throughout history children have been valued and protected by society.
9. During the nineteenth century, the most serious health problems facing children were directly
related to poverty and overcrowding.
10. William Cadogan created the first public health program for mothers and children.
11. Hospital policies have changed in response to an increased awareness of children’s
emotional and psychological needs.
12. Because of technological advances, children with chronic disabilities are living longer.
13. Title V of the Social Security Act provides funds for maternal-child healthcare programs.
14. Family-centered care views parents and health care professionals as equal partners in
children’s health care.
3
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
,15. How has the Association for the Care of Children’s Health (ACCH) affected the care of hospitalized children?
Current Trends and Issues
16. What is Healthy People 2020?
17. What are diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)?
18. Define case management.
19. What are clinical pathways?
20. List two public health insurance programs for children.
a.
b.
2
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,Describe the following health care assistance programs
21. WIC
22. EPSDT
23. Public Law 99-457
24. Healthy Start
3
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
, Statistics on Infant and Child Health
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
25. African-American infants are more likely than white infants to be born prematurely.
26. Poverty plays an important role in infant mortality.
27. The United States has the third lowest infant mortality rate among developed nations.
28. Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among children 1 to 19 years of age.
Ethical Perspectives in Child Health Nursing
Match each ethical principle with its correct description.
29. Beneficence a. The obligation to avoid causing harm
b. The obligation to treat all people equally and fairly
c. The obligation to do or promote good for others
30.
Nonmaleficence d. The right of individuals for self-determination
31. Autonomy
32. Justice
Legal Issues
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
33. Nurse practice acts do not vary from state to state.
34. Standards of care are set by professional associations and describe the level of care that
should be expected from practitioners.
4
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,35. Nurses should be familiar with the policies, procedures, and protocols in the institutions
in which they work.
36. What are the four elements of negligence?
a.
b.
c.
d.
37. What are the four requirements of informed consent?
a.
b.
c.
d.
5
Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children
, Social Issues
Answer as either true (T) or false (F).
38. Children living in poverty are more likely to be in poor health than are children in other
socioeconomic groups.
39. The number of families living in poverty is higher in the Southern and Western regions of
the United States.
40. Single mothers and children are the fastest growing group of homeless people.
41. Nurses should ask children about whether there is violence in the home, school, and neighborhood.
42. Parents should limit their children’s exposure to electronic media (e.g., television,
computers, video games) to less than 4 hours a day.
The Professional Nurse
43. List the various roles assumed by the pediatric nurse.
44. How do the roles and responsibilities of a pediatric nurse practitioner differ from those of a clinical nurse specialist?
6
Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Care of Children Copyright © 2013, 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
