Tissue Repair
Building The Mammalian Midbrain
The central nervous system is made up of an anterior-posterior axis, and a dorsal-
ventral axis. The anterior-posterior axis, runs from the anterior rostral (head) to
the posterior caudal (tail). The dorsal-ventral axis runs perpendicular from the
dorsal (upper backside) and the ventral (lower frontside).
The roof plate is dorsal functioning as the signal centre releasing bone
morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and Wnt proteins. They establish dorsal identity
in the neural tube.
The floor plate is ventral secreting the morphogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh). The
Shh gradient leads to the development of motor neurones.
Tissue Repair 1
, The CNC starts as a simple neural tube and the specific regions along the AP axis
give rise to different parts of the brain and spinal cord. As the neural tube
develops, it differentiates into distinct regions:
Isthmic organiser (IsO) and Notochord (nc) are signalling centres, release
morphogens providing positional information to cells in the neural tube.
Isthmic Organiser (IsO): found at the boundary between the midbrain and
hindbrain. It releases FGF8 and Wnt1.
Notochord (nc): the rod-like mesodermal structure releases Sonic Hedgehog
(Shh).
Dorso-Ventral Patterning of the Neural Tube
Different neuron subtypes are produced along the dorso-ventral axis. One of the
different neuron subtypes is Shh. Shh is produced and secreted by the notochord
and floor plate.
Tissue Repair 2
Building The Mammalian Midbrain
The central nervous system is made up of an anterior-posterior axis, and a dorsal-
ventral axis. The anterior-posterior axis, runs from the anterior rostral (head) to
the posterior caudal (tail). The dorsal-ventral axis runs perpendicular from the
dorsal (upper backside) and the ventral (lower frontside).
The roof plate is dorsal functioning as the signal centre releasing bone
morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and Wnt proteins. They establish dorsal identity
in the neural tube.
The floor plate is ventral secreting the morphogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh). The
Shh gradient leads to the development of motor neurones.
Tissue Repair 1
, The CNC starts as a simple neural tube and the specific regions along the AP axis
give rise to different parts of the brain and spinal cord. As the neural tube
develops, it differentiates into distinct regions:
Isthmic organiser (IsO) and Notochord (nc) are signalling centres, release
morphogens providing positional information to cells in the neural tube.
Isthmic Organiser (IsO): found at the boundary between the midbrain and
hindbrain. It releases FGF8 and Wnt1.
Notochord (nc): the rod-like mesodermal structure releases Sonic Hedgehog
(Shh).
Dorso-Ventral Patterning of the Neural Tube
Different neuron subtypes are produced along the dorso-ventral axis. One of the
different neuron subtypes is Shh. Shh is produced and secreted by the notochord
and floor plate.
Tissue Repair 2
