Biology 110 Exam 1 | marla perez |
Actual study set | Questions with correct
Answers
matter - ANSW-Anything that has mass and takes up space
atoms - ANSW-smallest unit of matter (form chemical substances)
subatomic particles - ANSW-protons, neutrons, electrons
protons - ANSW-positive charge; found in nucleus
neutrons - ANSW-no charge (neutral); found in nucleus
electrons - ANSW-negative charge; found outside/around nucleus
# of protons - ANSW-atomic number; distinguishes one element from another
orbitals - ANSW-regions surrounding the nucleus in which there is a high probability of finding an
electron
S orbital - ANSW-spherical, 2 electrons
P orbital - ANSW-dumbbell shaped, 6 electrons
electron shells - ANSW-An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an
atom.
The energy level of each shell increases with distance from the nucleus.
Electrons can be found in different shells.
Periodic table - ANSW-A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average
atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together.
mass number - ANSW-Number of protons and neutrons
atomic number - ANSW-the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
dalton unit - ANSW-AMU; unit of measurement for atomic mass
mole - ANSW-the SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance; 1 mole of any element
contains the same number of atoms
avogadros number - ANSW-6.02 x 10^23
isotopes - ANSW-Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
radioisotopes - ANSW-Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and undergo radioactive decay.
valence electrons - ANSW-Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom
octet rule - ANSW-atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron
structure of a noble gas, usually eight valence electrons; atoms are stable when their outer shell is full
molecule - ANSW-2 or more atoms bonded together
molecular formula - ANSW-formula giving the number of atoms of each of the elements present in one
molecule of a specific compound
compound - ANSW-any molecule composed of 2 or more elements
chemical bonds - ANSW-the attractive forces that hold atoms together
, types of bonds - ANSW-ionic, covalent, hydrogen
covalent bond - ANSW-two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds constitute a molecule. strong
chemical bond because shared electrons behave as if they belong to each atom; can be polar covalent or
nonpolar covalent
single bond (covalent) - ANSW-sharing one pair of electrons (single line)
double bond (covalent) - ANSW-sharing of two pair of electrons (double line)
triple bond (covalent) - ANSW-3 pairs of valance electrons being shared
electronegativity - ANSW-an atoms attraction to electrons
*more* electronegativity - ANSW-the more electronegativity an atom has, the more strongly it pulls
shared electrons towards itself
nonpolar covalent bonds - ANSW-equal sharing of electrons; atoms with similar electronegativities
polar covalent bonds - ANSW-unequal sharing of electrons; atoms of diff. electronegativity
ion - ANSW-an atom/molecule that has gained or lost one of more electrons
ionic bonds - ANSW-occurs when a cation binds to an anion by electrostatic attraction
cation - ANSW-A positively charged ion
anion - ANSW-A negatively charged ion
weak chemical bonds - ANSW-ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals interactions
hydrogen bond - ANSW-attraction between a hydrogen atom from one polar molecule to an
electronegative atom of another
- individually weak, collectively can be strong
- holds DNA strands together
van der Waals forces - ANSW-a slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of
nearby molecules
- unevenly distributed
chemical reactions - ANSW-one or more substances are changed into other substances
reactants - ANSW-starting molecules in chemical reaction
products - ANSW-final molecules of a chemical reaction
properties of chemical reactions - ANSW-- needs energy
- require an enzyme as catalyst (in living things)
- eventually reaches equilibrium
- occur in liquid
hydrogen bonding - ANSW-gives water properties that help make life possible on earth
solution - ANSW-a liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of substances
solvent - ANSW-the dissolving agent of a solution
solute - ANSW-substance that is dissolved
aqueous solution - ANSW-one in which water is the solvent
hydration shell - ANSW-the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion
hydrophilic - ANSW-Having an affinity for water.
Actual study set | Questions with correct
Answers
matter - ANSW-Anything that has mass and takes up space
atoms - ANSW-smallest unit of matter (form chemical substances)
subatomic particles - ANSW-protons, neutrons, electrons
protons - ANSW-positive charge; found in nucleus
neutrons - ANSW-no charge (neutral); found in nucleus
electrons - ANSW-negative charge; found outside/around nucleus
# of protons - ANSW-atomic number; distinguishes one element from another
orbitals - ANSW-regions surrounding the nucleus in which there is a high probability of finding an
electron
S orbital - ANSW-spherical, 2 electrons
P orbital - ANSW-dumbbell shaped, 6 electrons
electron shells - ANSW-An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an
atom.
The energy level of each shell increases with distance from the nucleus.
Electrons can be found in different shells.
Periodic table - ANSW-A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average
atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together.
mass number - ANSW-Number of protons and neutrons
atomic number - ANSW-the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
dalton unit - ANSW-AMU; unit of measurement for atomic mass
mole - ANSW-the SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance; 1 mole of any element
contains the same number of atoms
avogadros number - ANSW-6.02 x 10^23
isotopes - ANSW-Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
radioisotopes - ANSW-Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and undergo radioactive decay.
valence electrons - ANSW-Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom
octet rule - ANSW-atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron
structure of a noble gas, usually eight valence electrons; atoms are stable when their outer shell is full
molecule - ANSW-2 or more atoms bonded together
molecular formula - ANSW-formula giving the number of atoms of each of the elements present in one
molecule of a specific compound
compound - ANSW-any molecule composed of 2 or more elements
chemical bonds - ANSW-the attractive forces that hold atoms together
, types of bonds - ANSW-ionic, covalent, hydrogen
covalent bond - ANSW-two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds constitute a molecule. strong
chemical bond because shared electrons behave as if they belong to each atom; can be polar covalent or
nonpolar covalent
single bond (covalent) - ANSW-sharing one pair of electrons (single line)
double bond (covalent) - ANSW-sharing of two pair of electrons (double line)
triple bond (covalent) - ANSW-3 pairs of valance electrons being shared
electronegativity - ANSW-an atoms attraction to electrons
*more* electronegativity - ANSW-the more electronegativity an atom has, the more strongly it pulls
shared electrons towards itself
nonpolar covalent bonds - ANSW-equal sharing of electrons; atoms with similar electronegativities
polar covalent bonds - ANSW-unequal sharing of electrons; atoms of diff. electronegativity
ion - ANSW-an atom/molecule that has gained or lost one of more electrons
ionic bonds - ANSW-occurs when a cation binds to an anion by electrostatic attraction
cation - ANSW-A positively charged ion
anion - ANSW-A negatively charged ion
weak chemical bonds - ANSW-ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals interactions
hydrogen bond - ANSW-attraction between a hydrogen atom from one polar molecule to an
electronegative atom of another
- individually weak, collectively can be strong
- holds DNA strands together
van der Waals forces - ANSW-a slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of
nearby molecules
- unevenly distributed
chemical reactions - ANSW-one or more substances are changed into other substances
reactants - ANSW-starting molecules in chemical reaction
products - ANSW-final molecules of a chemical reaction
properties of chemical reactions - ANSW-- needs energy
- require an enzyme as catalyst (in living things)
- eventually reaches equilibrium
- occur in liquid
hydrogen bonding - ANSW-gives water properties that help make life possible on earth
solution - ANSW-a liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of substances
solvent - ANSW-the dissolving agent of a solution
solute - ANSW-substance that is dissolved
aqueous solution - ANSW-one in which water is the solvent
hydration shell - ANSW-the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion
hydrophilic - ANSW-Having an affinity for water.
