Test bank for stahl's essential psychopharmacology neuroscientific basis and practical applications 5th edition | complete guide | Chapter 1-13 | Complete Questions And Answers A+

Test bank for stahl's essential psychopharmacology
neuroscientific basis and practical applications 5th
edition | complete guide | Chapter 1-13

, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology S S



NeuroscientificSBasisSandSPracticalSApplicationsS 5thSEditionSTestbank/StudySGuide

Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
S S S


MULTIPLE CHOICE S


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a c
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


hemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theoryth
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


at depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
S S S S S S S S


a. Cortisol and GABA S S



b. COMT and glutamate S S



c. Monamine and glycine S S


d. Serotonin and norepinephrine S S


ANS: D S


One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.S
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


erotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of depre
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


ssion. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant role in the
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


Sdevelopment of depression. S S


2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted ind
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


amage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce thisdi
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


agnosis?
a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon S S S S S S



b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet
S S S S S S



c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure S S S S



d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands S S S S S S S


ANS: B S


Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are notc
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


ontrolled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
S S S S S S S S S


3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are al
S S S S S S S S S S


ways prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information thatthe
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
S S S S S S S S S S S S


a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area
S S S S S



b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses
S S S S S S S



c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
S S S S S


d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
S S S S S S S S

,ANS: C S


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic clefta
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


nd have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral ne
S S S S S S S S S S S S


rvous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
S S S S S S S S S S


4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle withu
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


nderstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor woul
S S S S S S S S S S S


d base a response on the understanding that it is:
S S S S S S S S S


Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on S S S S S S S S S S


a. behavioral interventions S



A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently usei
S S S S S S S S S S


b. n their practice
S S



Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with braint
S S S S S S S S S S


c. raumacaused cognitive symptoms S S


Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially thosee
S S S S S S S S S S


d. xperiencing psychiatric disorders S S


ANS: D S


Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurolog
S S S S S S S S S S S


ic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understanding facil
S S S S S S S S S S


itates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is notused exclusively by
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or br
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


ain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and abnormal brain function is a re
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


sponsibility of all nurses providing all types of care tothe psychiatric patient.
S S S S S S S S S S S S


5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by herc
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


hronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
S S S S S S S S


a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
S S S S S S S S S S S



b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
S S S S S S S S S S S



c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
S S S S S S S S S S S


d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body
S S S S S S S S S S S S


ANS: C S


Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-
S S S S S S S S


releasing factors that suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric dis
S S S S S S S S S S S


orders such as mooddisorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of t
S S S S S S S S S S S S


he immune system.Research does not support a connection between many cancers and
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


stress. There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research ha
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


s shown that there are some connections between stress and physical disease.
S S S S S S S S S S S

, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitati
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


on needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identifyas a focus o
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


f nursing intervention?
S S


a. Expression of emotion S S



b. Detecting auditory stimuli S S



c. Receiving visual images S S



d. Processing associations S


ANS: D S


The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information that
S S S S S S S S S S S


Sallows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing s
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


elf, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is
S S S S S S S S S S S


associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporal lobe fun
S S S S S S S S S S S S


ction. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
S S S S S S S S S


7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in theri
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


ght cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patien
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


t:
a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech S S S S



b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
S S S S S S S S S S



c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
S S S S S S S S S


d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair
S S S S S S S S S S S S


ANS: B S


The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles. The
S S S S S S S S S S S S


Sright hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left sideof th
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


e body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of th
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


e body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor
S S S S S S S S S S S S


Sspeech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
S S S S S S S S


The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. Thep
S S S S S S S S S S S S


atient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to individua
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S


lize the patients medication teaching by:
S S S S S


a. Including the patients caregiver in the education S S S S S S



b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed
S S S S S S S S S S S



Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm andr
S S S S S S S S S S S S S


c. elaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help withs
S S S S S S S S S S S S


d. wallowing
ANS: A S