Biology 1108 Final Exam Quiz 111 Questions
and Highlighted Answers;
The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals in that population.
In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is: -
✔️the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in the sample
(2n)
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that: -
✔️evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has
been violated
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the terminal buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae chew through
the buds and into the stems, where their saliva induces the plant to generate a gall (an outgrowth of
tissue). This gall then provides food and shelter for the developing larva. The larvae are prey of both
parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on larvae inside the smallest galls while the birds
selectively prey on the larvae inside the largest galls. Goldenrod gall files are therefore subject to: -
✔️stabilizing selection
You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. From this
information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the population? -
✔️no
A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation. -
✔️true
Polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups? -
✔️The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
Phylogenetic trees are: -
✔️both a and b are correct (hypotheses and built using observed data)
Which phylogenic group includes all descendants of a common ancestor and only the descendants of
that ancestor? -
, ✔️monophyletic
When comparing trees with various hypotheses of evolutionary relationships between a group of
animals, the tree with _____ would be the strongest candidate. -
✔️the fewest changes
A fossil's contribution to phylogenetic trees include: -
✔️all of the above (time calibration, records of extinct species, correlation between evolution and
Earth history)
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species? -
✔️allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that sound
different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the populations came in
contact? -
✔️a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism
A polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups? -
✔️the common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups
The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The light-colored form of
the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution. In the mid-19th Century, a
dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced by a dominant allele of 1 gene. By about
1900, about 90% of the moths around industrial areas were dark-colored, whereas light-colored
moths were still abundant elsewhere. Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the
soot-darkened background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths. Recently,
use of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-colored moths have
been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered separate species? -
✔️no
It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears that became
geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about 150,000 years ago. The origin
of polar bears was the result of... -
✔️allopatric speciation
and Highlighted Answers;
The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals in that population.
In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is: -
✔️the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in the sample
(2n)
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that: -
✔️evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has
been violated
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the terminal buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae chew through
the buds and into the stems, where their saliva induces the plant to generate a gall (an outgrowth of
tissue). This gall then provides food and shelter for the developing larva. The larvae are prey of both
parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on larvae inside the smallest galls while the birds
selectively prey on the larvae inside the largest galls. Goldenrod gall files are therefore subject to: -
✔️stabilizing selection
You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. From this
information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the population? -
✔️no
A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation. -
✔️true
Polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups? -
✔️The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
Phylogenetic trees are: -
✔️both a and b are correct (hypotheses and built using observed data)
Which phylogenic group includes all descendants of a common ancestor and only the descendants of
that ancestor? -
, ✔️monophyletic
When comparing trees with various hypotheses of evolutionary relationships between a group of
animals, the tree with _____ would be the strongest candidate. -
✔️the fewest changes
A fossil's contribution to phylogenetic trees include: -
✔️all of the above (time calibration, records of extinct species, correlation between evolution and
Earth history)
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species? -
✔️allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that sound
different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the populations came in
contact? -
✔️a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism
A polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups? -
✔️the common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups
The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The light-colored form of
the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution. In the mid-19th Century, a
dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced by a dominant allele of 1 gene. By about
1900, about 90% of the moths around industrial areas were dark-colored, whereas light-colored
moths were still abundant elsewhere. Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the
soot-darkened background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths. Recently,
use of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-colored moths have
been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered separate species? -
✔️no
It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears that became
geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about 150,000 years ago. The origin
of polar bears was the result of... -
✔️allopatric speciation
