Statistics Pearson Chapter 1 EXAM FINAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT UPDATED
ANSWERS
A census is - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a list of all individuals in a population along certain
characteristics of each individual. Every ten years in the U.S; go to gov web sites
A continuous variable _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅is a quantitative variable that has an infinte
number of possible values that are not countable; may take on every possible value between any two
values.
A continuous variable is ____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a quantitative variable that has an infinite
number of possible values it can take on and can be measured to any desired level of accuracy.
A discrete variable is ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a quantitative variable that has either a finite
number of possible values or a countable number of possible values. The term "countable" means the
values result from counting such as 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on.
A discrete variable______; countable; A discrete value - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅is a qualitative
variable that has either a finite number of possible values or countable number of possible values; that
the values result form counting, such as 0, 1, 2, 3...; ___________ cannot take on evey possible value
between any two possible values.
A lurking variable is_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅an explanatory variable that was not
considered in a study, but that affect the value of the response variable in the study. In addition, lurking
variables are typically related to any explanatory variables considered in the study. Something else
affects the outcome the parents are the lurking variable
A parameter is_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a numerical summary of a population.
A statistic is _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a numerical summary based on a sample
,A(n) statistic is _________ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a numerical summary of a sample.
An individual/A sample - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A person, an object that is a member of the
population being studies
Is a subset of the population that is being studied
An observational study measures_________ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the value of the response
variable without attempting to influence the value of either the response or explanatory variables. That
is, in an observational study, the researcher observes the behavior of the individuals in the study
without trying to influence the outcome of the study
bias
Three Sources of Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅If the results of the sample are not representative of
the population, then the sample has ______. You have results but not good representative of the
population
1. Sampling Bias
2. Nonresponse Bias (people who hate, or care will respond)
3. Response Bias
Examples
1. ask white and skip the Asian students. 2. Ask women and skip men who are underepresented.
People do not respond the question
3. Answer the question but without being trustworthy
Blinding refers to ________
single-blind experiment is
, double-blind experiment is - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅nondisclosure of the treatment an
experimental unit is receiving. Do not tell the people participating they are taking the medication. You
don't know but the researcher to avoid bias
A ________ one in which the experimental unit (or subject) does not know which treatment he or she is
receiving.
A _________ one in which neither the experimental unit nor the researcher in contact with the
experimental unit knows which treatment the experimental unit is receiving. (researchers and subject
do not know)
blocking; block; Confounding occurs ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Grouping similar
(homogeneous) experimental units together and then randomizing the experimental units within each
group to a treatment is called_____. Each group of homogeneous individuals is called a ______. A
étudier
Divide your sample into 2 blocks (men/women)
when the effect of two factors (explanatory variables) on the response variable cannot be distinguished.
Break statistics definition into 4 parts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. Statistics involves collection of
information
2. organization and summarization of information
3. analysis to draw conclusions or answer specific questions
4. results should be reported using some measures that represent how convinced we are that our
conclusions reflect reality.
Case-control Studies - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅These studies are retrospective, meaning that they
require individuals to look back in time or require the researcher to look at existing records. In case-
control studies, individuals who have certain characteristics are matched with those that do not.
Census - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A survey that includes every item or individual of the population
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT UPDATED
ANSWERS
A census is - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a list of all individuals in a population along certain
characteristics of each individual. Every ten years in the U.S; go to gov web sites
A continuous variable _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅is a quantitative variable that has an infinte
number of possible values that are not countable; may take on every possible value between any two
values.
A continuous variable is ____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a quantitative variable that has an infinite
number of possible values it can take on and can be measured to any desired level of accuracy.
A discrete variable is ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a quantitative variable that has either a finite
number of possible values or a countable number of possible values. The term "countable" means the
values result from counting such as 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on.
A discrete variable______; countable; A discrete value - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅is a qualitative
variable that has either a finite number of possible values or countable number of possible values; that
the values result form counting, such as 0, 1, 2, 3...; ___________ cannot take on evey possible value
between any two possible values.
A lurking variable is_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅an explanatory variable that was not
considered in a study, but that affect the value of the response variable in the study. In addition, lurking
variables are typically related to any explanatory variables considered in the study. Something else
affects the outcome the parents are the lurking variable
A parameter is_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a numerical summary of a population.
A statistic is _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a numerical summary based on a sample
,A(n) statistic is _________ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a numerical summary of a sample.
An individual/A sample - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A person, an object that is a member of the
population being studies
Is a subset of the population that is being studied
An observational study measures_________ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the value of the response
variable without attempting to influence the value of either the response or explanatory variables. That
is, in an observational study, the researcher observes the behavior of the individuals in the study
without trying to influence the outcome of the study
bias
Three Sources of Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅If the results of the sample are not representative of
the population, then the sample has ______. You have results but not good representative of the
population
1. Sampling Bias
2. Nonresponse Bias (people who hate, or care will respond)
3. Response Bias
Examples
1. ask white and skip the Asian students. 2. Ask women and skip men who are underepresented.
People do not respond the question
3. Answer the question but without being trustworthy
Blinding refers to ________
single-blind experiment is
, double-blind experiment is - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅nondisclosure of the treatment an
experimental unit is receiving. Do not tell the people participating they are taking the medication. You
don't know but the researcher to avoid bias
A ________ one in which the experimental unit (or subject) does not know which treatment he or she is
receiving.
A _________ one in which neither the experimental unit nor the researcher in contact with the
experimental unit knows which treatment the experimental unit is receiving. (researchers and subject
do not know)
blocking; block; Confounding occurs ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Grouping similar
(homogeneous) experimental units together and then randomizing the experimental units within each
group to a treatment is called_____. Each group of homogeneous individuals is called a ______. A
étudier
Divide your sample into 2 blocks (men/women)
when the effect of two factors (explanatory variables) on the response variable cannot be distinguished.
Break statistics definition into 4 parts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. Statistics involves collection of
information
2. organization and summarization of information
3. analysis to draw conclusions or answer specific questions
4. results should be reported using some measures that represent how convinced we are that our
conclusions reflect reality.
Case-control Studies - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅These studies are retrospective, meaning that they
require individuals to look back in time or require the researcher to look at existing records. In case-
control studies, individuals who have certain characteristics are matched with those that do not.
Census - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A survey that includes every item or individual of the population
