A CONCISE INTRODUCTION
m m m
TO LOGIC
m
TEST BANK BY
m m m
PATRICK J.HURLEY
m
,Chapter m1mTestmA
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:mThemfollowingmselectionsmrelatemtomdistinguishingmargumentsmfrommnonarguments
mand midentifyingmconclusions. mSelectmthe mbestmanswermformeach.
1. Theremappearsmto mbemamgrowingmhappinessmgapmbetweenmmen mandmwomen.mWomen mtodaymaremwor
kingmmoremandmrelaxingmless,mwhilemmen maremworkingmlessmandmrelaxingmmore.mForty myearsmagomamt
ypicalmwomanmspentm40mminutesmmorempermweekmthanmthemtypicalmman mperformingman mactivity mco
nsidered munpleasant. mToday,mwith mmen mworkingmless,mthemgap mism90 mminutesmand mgrowing.
a. Argument;mconclusion:mToday m...mthemgap mism90 mminutesmand mgrowing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mForty myearsmago m...man mactivity mconsidered munpleasant.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mTheremappearsmto mbem...mbetween mmen mand mwomen.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mWomenmtodaymaremworkingmmoremand mrelaxingmle
ss.mANS:m D PTS:m 2
2. Lead mismtoxic,mbutmdomyoumknowmwhy?mLead mismtoxicmmainlymbecausemitmpreferentiallymreplacesmother
mmetals min mbiochemicalmreactions.mIn mso mdoingmitminterferes mwithmthe mproteins mthatmregulatembloodmpre
ssurem(which mcanmcausemdevelopmentmdelaysminmchildrenmandmhigh mblood mpressureminmadults),mhememp
roductionm(which mcanmleadmtomanemia),mandmspermmproduction.mLeadmalso mdisplacesmcalciummin mthemre
actionsmthatmtransmitmelectricalmimpulsesminmthembrain,mwhichmdiminishesmthemability mtomthinkmandmreca
llminformation.
AnnemMariemHelmstine,m"YourmGuidemto mChemistry"
a. Argument;mconclusion:mItminterferesmwith mthemproteinsm...mand mspermmproduction.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mLead mismtoxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mItmpreferentially mreplacesmothermmetalsmin mbiochemicalmreactions.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mLeadmalso mdisplacesmcalciumm...mrecallminformati
on.mANS:m C PTS:m 2
3. Aristotle mfocusedmonmclarifyingmthemconceptmofmvirtuemitself.mHemargued mthatmitmwasmvirtuousmto mchoos
emthempropermamountmofmemotion mand/ormactionmcalledmforminmamparticularmsituationmand mthatmextremesm
of memotion mandmactionmweremvices.mInmallmcommunitiesmtheremaremsomemmenmofmpracticalmwisdommwh
o mhavemthemcapacitymto mjudgemwisely.mAristotlemargued mthatmtheymhavemthemcapacitymto mfollowmthem"rig
htmrule"mwhatevermthemsituation.
David mCooper,mValuemPluralismmandmEthicalmChoice
a. Argument;mconclusion:mIn mallmcommunitiesm...mcapacity mto mjudgemwisely.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mAristotlemfocused mon mclarifyingmthemconceptmof mvirtuemitself.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mThey mhavemthemcapacity mto mfollowm...mthemsituation.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mHemargued mthatmitmwasmvirtuousm...mweremvices
e. Nonargument.
ANS:m E PTS:m 2
4. Illegalmimmigrantsmpay mlocalmsalesmtaxes,mandmmany mofmthemmalsompaymstate,mlocal,mand mfederalmincom
emtax mandmSocialmSecuritymtax.mTheymalsompurchasemitemsmfrommlocalmmerchants,mincreasingmthemamoun
tmthese mmerchantsmpaymin mtaxes.mInmaddition,mthey mworkmformlowmsalaries,mwhich mincreasesmthemearning
smof mtheirmemployersmandmthemamountmofmtaxesmthesememployersmpay.mThus,mitmismnotmcorrectmto msay mth
atmillegalmimmigrantsmcontribute mnothingmto mthemcommunitiesmin mwhich mthey mlive.
,a. Argument;mconclusion:mItmismnotmcorrectmto msay m...mcommunitiesmin mwhich mthey mlive.
, b. Argument;mconclusion:mThey mwork mformlowmsalariesm...mthesememployersmpay.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mIllegalmimmigrantsmpay m...mSocialmSecurity mtax.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mThey malso mpurchase mitemsm...mpay min mtaxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:m A PTS:m 2
5. Numerousmstudiesmhave mindicated mthatmwomen mof mcolor,mblack mwomen min mparticular,maremover-
arrested,mover-indicted,mand mover-sentenced.mAfrican-
American mwomenmaremsevenmtimesmmoremlikely mtombemarrestedmformprostitutionmthan mwomenmofmotherm
ethnicmgroups.mBlackmwomenmhavemreceivedmsignificantly mlongermsentencesmformcrimesmagainstmproper
ty mand mservedmlongermperiodsminmprison.mFormbothmmurdermandmdrugmoffenses,mEuroamericanmwomenme
nded mup mservingmone-third mlessmtimemformthemsamemoffensesmthan mblack mwomen.
Nancy mKurshan,m"Women mandmImprisonmentmin mthemU.S.
"
a. Argument;mconclusion:mAfrican-American mwomen m...mothermethnicmgroups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mFormboth mmurdermand mdrugmoffensesm...mblack mwomen.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mNumerousmstudiesmhavemindicated m...mover-sentenced.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mBlack mwomenmhavemreceived m...mlongermperiodsmin mpris
on.mANS:m B PTS:m 2
6. It'smeven mmoremimportantmthesemdaysmthatmyourmcomputermbemprotectedmby mamfirewall.mTheremaremcrimi
nalmelementsmlurkingmin mthemshadowsmofmcyberspacemwho msendmoutmprobesmto mdetectmunprotected mPCs.
mOnce ma mvulnerablemcomputermismfound, mthesemcriminals minstallmsoftware mthatmassists mthemmin mcommitt
ingmidentity mtheftmandmfencingmstolen mIDs.mTheymalsomdefraudmonlinemadvertisersmbymusingmthesemzom
biemcomputersmto mvisitmpay-per-click mads.
a. Argument;mconclusion:mTheremaremcriminalmelementsm...mto mdetectmunprotected mPCs.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mOncemamvulnerable mcomputerm...mfencingmstolen mIDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mThey malso mdefraud m...mto mvisitmpay-per-click mads.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mIt'smeven mmoremimportantm...mprotectedmbymamfirew
all.mANS:m E PTS:m 2
7. Themearth mismofminterestmto mastronomy mformmanymreasons.mNearly mallmobservationsmmustmbemmademthro
ugh mthematmosphere,mandmthemphenomenamofmthemuppermatmospheremandmthemmagnetospheremreflectmthe
mstate mof minterplanetarymspace.mThemearthmismalsomthemmostmimportantmobjectmofmcomparisonmformplanetol
ogists.
Hannu mKarttunen,metmal.,mFundamentalmAstronomy
a. Argument;mconclusion:mThemphenomena m...mstatemof minterplanetary mspace.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mThemearth mismalso m...mformplanetologists.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mThemearth mismof minterestmto mastronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mNearlymallmobservationsm...mthrough mthematmosphe
re.mANS:m C PTS:m 2
8. If mthemtrademin mtigermproductsmismbanned,mtigermreservesmaremguardedmby mwellmequippedmstaff,mcommun
itiesmabuttingmtigermhabitatmaremgiven mamstakeminmprotectingmtigers,mandmthemmakersmofmtraditionalmmedic
inesmcan mbempersuadedmthatmtigermpartsmaremnotmneeded,mthenmtigermpoachingmwillmbemhalted,mhabitatman
d mlifemsustainingmprey mwillmbemrestored,mandmthemimmanentmextinction mofmtigersmin mthemwild mwillmbemav
erted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mThemtrademin mtigermproductsmismbanned.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mTigermpoachingmwillmbemhalted.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mThemmakersmof mtraditionalmmedicinesm...mnotmneeded.
m m m
TO LOGIC
m
TEST BANK BY
m m m
PATRICK J.HURLEY
m
,Chapter m1mTestmA
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:mThemfollowingmselectionsmrelatemtomdistinguishingmargumentsmfrommnonarguments
mand midentifyingmconclusions. mSelectmthe mbestmanswermformeach.
1. Theremappearsmto mbemamgrowingmhappinessmgapmbetweenmmen mandmwomen.mWomen mtodaymaremwor
kingmmoremandmrelaxingmless,mwhilemmen maremworkingmlessmandmrelaxingmmore.mForty myearsmagomamt
ypicalmwomanmspentm40mminutesmmorempermweekmthanmthemtypicalmman mperformingman mactivity mco
nsidered munpleasant. mToday,mwith mmen mworkingmless,mthemgap mism90 mminutesmand mgrowing.
a. Argument;mconclusion:mToday m...mthemgap mism90 mminutesmand mgrowing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mForty myearsmago m...man mactivity mconsidered munpleasant.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mTheremappearsmto mbem...mbetween mmen mand mwomen.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mWomenmtodaymaremworkingmmoremand mrelaxingmle
ss.mANS:m D PTS:m 2
2. Lead mismtoxic,mbutmdomyoumknowmwhy?mLead mismtoxicmmainlymbecausemitmpreferentiallymreplacesmother
mmetals min mbiochemicalmreactions.mIn mso mdoingmitminterferes mwithmthe mproteins mthatmregulatembloodmpre
ssurem(which mcanmcausemdevelopmentmdelaysminmchildrenmandmhigh mblood mpressureminmadults),mhememp
roductionm(which mcanmleadmtomanemia),mandmspermmproduction.mLeadmalso mdisplacesmcalciummin mthemre
actionsmthatmtransmitmelectricalmimpulsesminmthembrain,mwhichmdiminishesmthemability mtomthinkmandmreca
llminformation.
AnnemMariemHelmstine,m"YourmGuidemto mChemistry"
a. Argument;mconclusion:mItminterferesmwith mthemproteinsm...mand mspermmproduction.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mLead mismtoxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mItmpreferentially mreplacesmothermmetalsmin mbiochemicalmreactions.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mLeadmalso mdisplacesmcalciumm...mrecallminformati
on.mANS:m C PTS:m 2
3. Aristotle mfocusedmonmclarifyingmthemconceptmofmvirtuemitself.mHemargued mthatmitmwasmvirtuousmto mchoos
emthempropermamountmofmemotion mand/ormactionmcalledmforminmamparticularmsituationmand mthatmextremesm
of memotion mandmactionmweremvices.mInmallmcommunitiesmtheremaremsomemmenmofmpracticalmwisdommwh
o mhavemthemcapacitymto mjudgemwisely.mAristotlemargued mthatmtheymhavemthemcapacitymto mfollowmthem"rig
htmrule"mwhatevermthemsituation.
David mCooper,mValuemPluralismmandmEthicalmChoice
a. Argument;mconclusion:mIn mallmcommunitiesm...mcapacity mto mjudgemwisely.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mAristotlemfocused mon mclarifyingmthemconceptmof mvirtuemitself.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mThey mhavemthemcapacity mto mfollowm...mthemsituation.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mHemargued mthatmitmwasmvirtuousm...mweremvices
e. Nonargument.
ANS:m E PTS:m 2
4. Illegalmimmigrantsmpay mlocalmsalesmtaxes,mandmmany mofmthemmalsompaymstate,mlocal,mand mfederalmincom
emtax mandmSocialmSecuritymtax.mTheymalsompurchasemitemsmfrommlocalmmerchants,mincreasingmthemamoun
tmthese mmerchantsmpaymin mtaxes.mInmaddition,mthey mworkmformlowmsalaries,mwhich mincreasesmthemearning
smof mtheirmemployersmandmthemamountmofmtaxesmthesememployersmpay.mThus,mitmismnotmcorrectmto msay mth
atmillegalmimmigrantsmcontribute mnothingmto mthemcommunitiesmin mwhich mthey mlive.
,a. Argument;mconclusion:mItmismnotmcorrectmto msay m...mcommunitiesmin mwhich mthey mlive.
, b. Argument;mconclusion:mThey mwork mformlowmsalariesm...mthesememployersmpay.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mIllegalmimmigrantsmpay m...mSocialmSecurity mtax.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mThey malso mpurchase mitemsm...mpay min mtaxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:m A PTS:m 2
5. Numerousmstudiesmhave mindicated mthatmwomen mof mcolor,mblack mwomen min mparticular,maremover-
arrested,mover-indicted,mand mover-sentenced.mAfrican-
American mwomenmaremsevenmtimesmmoremlikely mtombemarrestedmformprostitutionmthan mwomenmofmotherm
ethnicmgroups.mBlackmwomenmhavemreceivedmsignificantly mlongermsentencesmformcrimesmagainstmproper
ty mand mservedmlongermperiodsminmprison.mFormbothmmurdermandmdrugmoffenses,mEuroamericanmwomenme
nded mup mservingmone-third mlessmtimemformthemsamemoffensesmthan mblack mwomen.
Nancy mKurshan,m"Women mandmImprisonmentmin mthemU.S.
"
a. Argument;mconclusion:mAfrican-American mwomen m...mothermethnicmgroups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mFormboth mmurdermand mdrugmoffensesm...mblack mwomen.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mNumerousmstudiesmhavemindicated m...mover-sentenced.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mBlack mwomenmhavemreceived m...mlongermperiodsmin mpris
on.mANS:m B PTS:m 2
6. It'smeven mmoremimportantmthesemdaysmthatmyourmcomputermbemprotectedmby mamfirewall.mTheremaremcrimi
nalmelementsmlurkingmin mthemshadowsmofmcyberspacemwho msendmoutmprobesmto mdetectmunprotected mPCs.
mOnce ma mvulnerablemcomputermismfound, mthesemcriminals minstallmsoftware mthatmassists mthemmin mcommitt
ingmidentity mtheftmandmfencingmstolen mIDs.mTheymalsomdefraudmonlinemadvertisersmbymusingmthesemzom
biemcomputersmto mvisitmpay-per-click mads.
a. Argument;mconclusion:mTheremaremcriminalmelementsm...mto mdetectmunprotected mPCs.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mOncemamvulnerable mcomputerm...mfencingmstolen mIDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mThey malso mdefraud m...mto mvisitmpay-per-click mads.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mIt'smeven mmoremimportantm...mprotectedmbymamfirew
all.mANS:m E PTS:m 2
7. Themearth mismofminterestmto mastronomy mformmanymreasons.mNearly mallmobservationsmmustmbemmademthro
ugh mthematmosphere,mandmthemphenomenamofmthemuppermatmospheremandmthemmagnetospheremreflectmthe
mstate mof minterplanetarymspace.mThemearthmismalsomthemmostmimportantmobjectmofmcomparisonmformplanetol
ogists.
Hannu mKarttunen,metmal.,mFundamentalmAstronomy
a. Argument;mconclusion:mThemphenomena m...mstatemof minterplanetary mspace.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mThemearth mismalso m...mformplanetologists.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mThemearth mismof minterestmto mastronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;mconclusion:mNearlymallmobservationsm...mthrough mthematmosphe
re.mANS:m C PTS:m 2
8. If mthemtrademin mtigermproductsmismbanned,mtigermreservesmaremguardedmby mwellmequippedmstaff,mcommun
itiesmabuttingmtigermhabitatmaremgiven mamstakeminmprotectingmtigers,mandmthemmakersmofmtraditionalmmedic
inesmcan mbempersuadedmthatmtigermpartsmaremnotmneeded,mthenmtigermpoachingmwillmbemhalted,mhabitatman
d mlifemsustainingmprey mwillmbemrestored,mandmthemimmanentmextinction mofmtigersmin mthemwild mwillmbemav
erted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;mconclusion:mThemtrademin mtigermproductsmismbanned.
c. Argument;mconclusion:mTigermpoachingmwillmbemhalted.
d. Argument;mconclusion:mThemmakersmof mtraditionalmmedicinesm...mnotmneeded.
