,COM3705 Assignment 3 PORTFOLIO (COMPLETE
GUIDELINE) Semester 1 2025 - DUE 23 May 2025;100%
trusted ,comprehensive and complete reliable solution
with clear explanation
QUESTION 1: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (Dzuni
Mtimbani) (45) READ THE BELOW ARTICLE BEFORE
YOU ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
1.1 Introduction
Diplomatic relations are a cornerstone of international
cooperation and peacebuilding. They ensure that states interact
through structured dialogue, negotiation, and mutual respect,
especially in times of disagreement. However, when diplomatic
channels are undermined or bypassed—such as through public
accusations or miscommunication—relationships between
countries can deteriorate rapidly. The recent incident involving
the expulsion of South African Ambassador Ebrahim Rasool by
the United States exemplifies a breakdown in traditional
diplomatic norms. The tensions stemmed from controversial
comments made about U.S. foreign policy and South Africa's
legal actions at the International Court of Justice (ICJ)
concerning the conflict in Gaza, as well as long-standing
disputes over land reform in South Africa.
This essay aims to explore the concept of diplomacy, define and
assess the role of misinformation in the current dispute, and
provide insight into how appropriate diplomatic processes could
,have avoided the escalation. It will begin by defining diplomacy
and offering examples of effective diplomatic communication. It
will then unpack the concept of misinformation, particularly
how false narratives regarding South Africa’s land policy and
alleged genocide have shaped international perceptions.
Furthermore, the essay will analyze what type of diplomacy
should have been used by the United States and suggest the
appropriate diplomatic channels for resolving such international
misunderstandings. Finally, it will conclude by summarizing the
key lessons drawn from the case in terms of international
relations and state conduct.
1.2 Diplomacy and Examples of Diplomatic Communication
(Expanded – 10 marks)
Diplomacy is the practice through which states, governments,
and international organizations communicate, negotiate, and
manage their relations with each other. It is a crucial tool in
maintaining peaceful, cooperative international relations,
ensuring conflict resolution, and promoting mutual interests.
Diplomacy is not limited to formal meetings and high-level
summits; it encompasses all forms of communication,
negotiation, and engagement between governments,
organizations, and individuals involved in international
relations.
At its core, diplomacy seeks to avoid conflict, enhance
cooperation, and maintain stability within the international
, system. It involves the use of both formal and informal means
of communication. Formal diplomacy refers to official
exchanges between states, often facilitated by embassies,
consulates, or the heads of state. Informal diplomacy includes
behind-the-scenes talks, “track-two” diplomacy (unofficial
negotiations), and other non-official channels that contribute to
resolving disputes without the involvement of formal
government representatives.
Key Elements of Diplomacy:
1. Negotiation: One of the main tools of diplomacy is
negotiation. This involves discussions between parties to
reach an agreement, settle differences, or clarify
misunderstandings. Diplomats may negotiate on various
issues, such as trade deals, peace treaties, and international
security. For example, the historic Camp David Accords
between Egypt and Israel in 1978 were the result of
intensive diplomatic negotiations.
2. Representation: Diplomats represent their countries in
foreign territories, ensuring that national interests are
communicated to foreign governments. They provide
advice to their home governments on political, economic,
and social developments in their host countries, ensuring
informed decision-making. For instance, the role of South
Africa's Ambassador in Washington is not only to promote
South Africa's interests but also to foster relations with the
U.S. government, businesses, and civil society.
3. Mediation and Conflict Resolution: Diplomacy often
plays a role in mediating disputes between countries.
Neutral parties or international organizations can mediate
GUIDELINE) Semester 1 2025 - DUE 23 May 2025;100%
trusted ,comprehensive and complete reliable solution
with clear explanation
QUESTION 1: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (Dzuni
Mtimbani) (45) READ THE BELOW ARTICLE BEFORE
YOU ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
1.1 Introduction
Diplomatic relations are a cornerstone of international
cooperation and peacebuilding. They ensure that states interact
through structured dialogue, negotiation, and mutual respect,
especially in times of disagreement. However, when diplomatic
channels are undermined or bypassed—such as through public
accusations or miscommunication—relationships between
countries can deteriorate rapidly. The recent incident involving
the expulsion of South African Ambassador Ebrahim Rasool by
the United States exemplifies a breakdown in traditional
diplomatic norms. The tensions stemmed from controversial
comments made about U.S. foreign policy and South Africa's
legal actions at the International Court of Justice (ICJ)
concerning the conflict in Gaza, as well as long-standing
disputes over land reform in South Africa.
This essay aims to explore the concept of diplomacy, define and
assess the role of misinformation in the current dispute, and
provide insight into how appropriate diplomatic processes could
,have avoided the escalation. It will begin by defining diplomacy
and offering examples of effective diplomatic communication. It
will then unpack the concept of misinformation, particularly
how false narratives regarding South Africa’s land policy and
alleged genocide have shaped international perceptions.
Furthermore, the essay will analyze what type of diplomacy
should have been used by the United States and suggest the
appropriate diplomatic channels for resolving such international
misunderstandings. Finally, it will conclude by summarizing the
key lessons drawn from the case in terms of international
relations and state conduct.
1.2 Diplomacy and Examples of Diplomatic Communication
(Expanded – 10 marks)
Diplomacy is the practice through which states, governments,
and international organizations communicate, negotiate, and
manage their relations with each other. It is a crucial tool in
maintaining peaceful, cooperative international relations,
ensuring conflict resolution, and promoting mutual interests.
Diplomacy is not limited to formal meetings and high-level
summits; it encompasses all forms of communication,
negotiation, and engagement between governments,
organizations, and individuals involved in international
relations.
At its core, diplomacy seeks to avoid conflict, enhance
cooperation, and maintain stability within the international
, system. It involves the use of both formal and informal means
of communication. Formal diplomacy refers to official
exchanges between states, often facilitated by embassies,
consulates, or the heads of state. Informal diplomacy includes
behind-the-scenes talks, “track-two” diplomacy (unofficial
negotiations), and other non-official channels that contribute to
resolving disputes without the involvement of formal
government representatives.
Key Elements of Diplomacy:
1. Negotiation: One of the main tools of diplomacy is
negotiation. This involves discussions between parties to
reach an agreement, settle differences, or clarify
misunderstandings. Diplomats may negotiate on various
issues, such as trade deals, peace treaties, and international
security. For example, the historic Camp David Accords
between Egypt and Israel in 1978 were the result of
intensive diplomatic negotiations.
2. Representation: Diplomats represent their countries in
foreign territories, ensuring that national interests are
communicated to foreign governments. They provide
advice to their home governments on political, economic,
and social developments in their host countries, ensuring
informed decision-making. For instance, the role of South
Africa's Ambassador in Washington is not only to promote
South Africa's interests but also to foster relations with the
U.S. government, businesses, and civil society.
3. Mediation and Conflict Resolution: Diplomacy often
plays a role in mediating disputes between countries.
Neutral parties or international organizations can mediate
