Renal System Exam Prep with Complete Solutions

Renal System Exam Prep with Complete Solutions 1. The kidneys regulate the ________ of the extracellular fluid. ANSWER 1. The kidneys regulate the volume and composition of the extracellular fluid. 2. The kidneys have a major influence on ____________ ANSWER 2. The kidneys have a major influence on blood pressure. __________ is the functional unit of the kidney. ANSWER The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. ________ are excreted by filtration; they are filtered into, and then trapped within, the renal tubule. ANSWER Metabolic end-products are excreted by filtration; they are filtered into, and then trapped within, the renal tubule. Name 4 functions of the kidney: ANSWER 1. Maintenance of extracellular fluid composition 2. Maintenance of extracellular fluid volume 3. Endocrine functions 4. Regulation of arterial blood pressure How do kidneys maintain extracellular fluid composition? ANSWER a. Regulation of ionic composition i. Electrolyte balance: Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, CI"