WGU C963 Objective Exam Questions &Answers Pack – 100%
Correct, Latest Edition!
John Locke - (ANSWERS)English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in
which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the
government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.
Montesquieu - (ANSWERS)French political philosopher who advocated the separation of
executive and legislative and judicial powers.
Advocated for due process
Adam Smith - (ANSWERS)argued for property rights and minimal gov regulation in economics.
Social Contracy Theory - (ANSWERS)Agreement between people and government where
citizens are content to be governed as long as government protects natural rights.
Thomas Hobbes - (ANSWERS)english philosopher who argued society isnt natural or
immutable but created by us, instead of being passive members of society we are creators.
Implicit contracts - (ANSWERS)never agreed upon, but we find ourselves in.
"Rights imply obligation so when you take from the pot, you are expected to pay in"
Ex: taxes
State of Nature - (ANSWERS)theory on how people might have lived before societies
Natural Rights - (ANSWERS)society can not interfere with our efforts to obtain
ex: Food, shelter, clothing
Hobbes vs. Locke vs. Roussea - (ANSWERS)Hobbes- seeks physical security as social contract
Locke- seeks protection from harm and permitting us to pursue our own lives
Rousseau- argues for general will of society using uniformity of existence
Social Contract - (ANSWERS)require continual renegotiation to remain relevant to present
circumstances.
Failure to negotiate can lead to dissolution of society
Declaration of Independence - (ANSWERS)written mainly by Jefferson, expressed ideas of
locke.
-Gov serves to regulate terms of social contract in society and protect our natural rights and serve
as democratic conduit for interests
U.S. Constitution - (ANSWERS)turns to less democratic ideas of Montesquieu and Rousseau
- separates legislative, executive and judicial powers, works to determine sovereignty of states
Bill of Rights - (ANSWERS)Constitutional amendments that protect the rights of citizens
Articles of confederation - (ANSWERS)first attempt at structuring the United States.
,- established republic that held power and elected representatives to govern with independent self
governing states from a union
bicameral legislature - (ANSWERS)two chambers of legislature; House of Representatives and
Senate
created so the government didnt have too much power
Power to Borrow and coin money - (ANSWERS)federal government can establish national
banking system; also to control national fiscal power
Power to declare war - (ANSWERS)gov can delcare war if deemed appropriate and can appoint
military officials
Power to make Treaties and Alliances with other nations - (ANSWERS)could enter into treaties
or agreements with other nations if deemed appropriate.
Power to Regulate Trade w/ Native Americans - (ANSWERS)negotiate and regulate trade but,
native Americans werent considered citizens of the U.S. and were treated as foreigners.
Power to settle disputes between states - (ANSWERS)right to settle any and all boundary
disputes that arose between the states, which were bound to happen.
Power to Raise an Army or Navy - (ANSWERS)National government didn't have the power for
its own military so they had to request troops from the states who could deny. This would leave a
lack of defense for the country
Taxation - (ANSWERS)national government had no power to impose or collect taxes; they had
to request it from states- they were negligent and would leave national government underfunded.
Regulating Trade - (ANSWERS)National gov didnt have the power to regulate trade causing the
economy to suffer; trade was regulated through the states so the national government couldnt
collect taxes.
Virginia Plan - (ANSWERS)"Large state" proposal for the new constitution, calling for
proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger
states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning
representation.
The Great Compromise - (ANSWERS)Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in
which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation
based on population in the other house
Article 1 of the Constitution - (ANSWERS)congress is given power to tax, maintain navy &
army, and regulate trade and commerce, coin and borrow money declare war, establish laws.
3/5 Compromise - (ANSWERS)60% of slaves counted for population and taxable property
, Clause 3 Article IV - (ANSWERS)slave owners can reclaim their runaway slaves.
checks and balances - (ANSWERS)A system that allows each branch of government to limit the
powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
Federal System - (ANSWERS)form of government where power is divided between states and
national government
Enumerated Powers - (ANSWERS)given explicitly to the federal government by the constitution
to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, declare war, support armies, coin money, and
conduct foreign affairs
Political Ideologies - (ANSWERS)coherent philosophies about the structure, power, and purpose
of government
Anti federalists - (ANSWERS)believed the constitution offered little protection for liberty and
national rights
- feared national gov and believed state legislature could protect rights
Federalists - (ANSWERS)Wanted a new constitution made up of elites, wealthy, and well
educated land owners.
What was a compromise to win support from anti federalists? - (ANSWERS)the bill of rights
was a compromise
Federalist No. 10 - (ANSWERS)James Madison wrote an essay to argue diversity was too large
to allow for development of large political groups and that a representative government would
help control against detrimental factors.
Federalists No. 51 - (ANSWERS)Focused on checks & balances and Separation of powers to
convince the anti federalists that the government wont be too powerful
separation of powers - (ANSWERS)division of each branch of government who has its own
function to prevent any one branch from being too powerful
Legislative Branch (Congress) - (ANSWERS)Congress;
Function: making laws, approving federal judges & justices, pass national budget and declaring
war.
Legislative Branch members - (ANSWERS)- Each state gets 2 senators totaling 100 U.S.
Senators.
-number of House of Representatives members is based on population/ total of 435.
Correct, Latest Edition!
John Locke - (ANSWERS)English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in
which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the
government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.
Montesquieu - (ANSWERS)French political philosopher who advocated the separation of
executive and legislative and judicial powers.
Advocated for due process
Adam Smith - (ANSWERS)argued for property rights and minimal gov regulation in economics.
Social Contracy Theory - (ANSWERS)Agreement between people and government where
citizens are content to be governed as long as government protects natural rights.
Thomas Hobbes - (ANSWERS)english philosopher who argued society isnt natural or
immutable but created by us, instead of being passive members of society we are creators.
Implicit contracts - (ANSWERS)never agreed upon, but we find ourselves in.
"Rights imply obligation so when you take from the pot, you are expected to pay in"
Ex: taxes
State of Nature - (ANSWERS)theory on how people might have lived before societies
Natural Rights - (ANSWERS)society can not interfere with our efforts to obtain
ex: Food, shelter, clothing
Hobbes vs. Locke vs. Roussea - (ANSWERS)Hobbes- seeks physical security as social contract
Locke- seeks protection from harm and permitting us to pursue our own lives
Rousseau- argues for general will of society using uniformity of existence
Social Contract - (ANSWERS)require continual renegotiation to remain relevant to present
circumstances.
Failure to negotiate can lead to dissolution of society
Declaration of Independence - (ANSWERS)written mainly by Jefferson, expressed ideas of
locke.
-Gov serves to regulate terms of social contract in society and protect our natural rights and serve
as democratic conduit for interests
U.S. Constitution - (ANSWERS)turns to less democratic ideas of Montesquieu and Rousseau
- separates legislative, executive and judicial powers, works to determine sovereignty of states
Bill of Rights - (ANSWERS)Constitutional amendments that protect the rights of citizens
Articles of confederation - (ANSWERS)first attempt at structuring the United States.
,- established republic that held power and elected representatives to govern with independent self
governing states from a union
bicameral legislature - (ANSWERS)two chambers of legislature; House of Representatives and
Senate
created so the government didnt have too much power
Power to Borrow and coin money - (ANSWERS)federal government can establish national
banking system; also to control national fiscal power
Power to declare war - (ANSWERS)gov can delcare war if deemed appropriate and can appoint
military officials
Power to make Treaties and Alliances with other nations - (ANSWERS)could enter into treaties
or agreements with other nations if deemed appropriate.
Power to Regulate Trade w/ Native Americans - (ANSWERS)negotiate and regulate trade but,
native Americans werent considered citizens of the U.S. and were treated as foreigners.
Power to settle disputes between states - (ANSWERS)right to settle any and all boundary
disputes that arose between the states, which were bound to happen.
Power to Raise an Army or Navy - (ANSWERS)National government didn't have the power for
its own military so they had to request troops from the states who could deny. This would leave a
lack of defense for the country
Taxation - (ANSWERS)national government had no power to impose or collect taxes; they had
to request it from states- they were negligent and would leave national government underfunded.
Regulating Trade - (ANSWERS)National gov didnt have the power to regulate trade causing the
economy to suffer; trade was regulated through the states so the national government couldnt
collect taxes.
Virginia Plan - (ANSWERS)"Large state" proposal for the new constitution, calling for
proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger
states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning
representation.
The Great Compromise - (ANSWERS)Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in
which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation
based on population in the other house
Article 1 of the Constitution - (ANSWERS)congress is given power to tax, maintain navy &
army, and regulate trade and commerce, coin and borrow money declare war, establish laws.
3/5 Compromise - (ANSWERS)60% of slaves counted for population and taxable property
, Clause 3 Article IV - (ANSWERS)slave owners can reclaim their runaway slaves.
checks and balances - (ANSWERS)A system that allows each branch of government to limit the
powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
Federal System - (ANSWERS)form of government where power is divided between states and
national government
Enumerated Powers - (ANSWERS)given explicitly to the federal government by the constitution
to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, declare war, support armies, coin money, and
conduct foreign affairs
Political Ideologies - (ANSWERS)coherent philosophies about the structure, power, and purpose
of government
Anti federalists - (ANSWERS)believed the constitution offered little protection for liberty and
national rights
- feared national gov and believed state legislature could protect rights
Federalists - (ANSWERS)Wanted a new constitution made up of elites, wealthy, and well
educated land owners.
What was a compromise to win support from anti federalists? - (ANSWERS)the bill of rights
was a compromise
Federalist No. 10 - (ANSWERS)James Madison wrote an essay to argue diversity was too large
to allow for development of large political groups and that a representative government would
help control against detrimental factors.
Federalists No. 51 - (ANSWERS)Focused on checks & balances and Separation of powers to
convince the anti federalists that the government wont be too powerful
separation of powers - (ANSWERS)division of each branch of government who has its own
function to prevent any one branch from being too powerful
Legislative Branch (Congress) - (ANSWERS)Congress;
Function: making laws, approving federal judges & justices, pass national budget and declaring
war.
Legislative Branch members - (ANSWERS)- Each state gets 2 senators totaling 100 U.S.
Senators.
-number of House of Representatives members is based on population/ total of 435.
