COURSE TITLE: EDUCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND
COUNSELLING
COURSE DESCRIBPTION
The course on guidance and counseling is intended for the training of counselors who will be expected to
provide guidance and counseling services to produce fully developed and well prepared young people for
responsible adulthood, future careers, a reduction of young people’s challenges of growth and
development. Due to the many changes that have taken place in the recent years, socially, occupationally,
economically, some of the family and social function that used to be carried out by parents and grand-
parents, for the information and education of the children are now not carried out. A rapidly changing
workworld and labor force, violence in homes, schools and community, technological advances, divorce,
teenage suicide, drug and substance abuse, and sexual experimentations are just a few examples of these
challenges.
Comprehensive guidance and counseling program firmly grounded in principals of human growth and
development, a program that is an integral part of educational processes with a content base-specific
knowledge and skills of its own.
Learners are introduced to the study and practice of Guidance and Counselling. Due to many behavioral
problems you are expected to gain knowledge, skills, competence in handling children, adolescents, young
adults and other clients who seek your help. It looks at the issues requiring guidance and counselling,
theories, principals, techniques and practices governing counselling. There’s need to understand the history
and theories that form the backbone of guidance and counseling practice, counselors development, ethical
and legal issues relating to counselling. The study is intended to assist the learner in gaining insight on basic
psychological problems, and help the learner to decide when you, a friend or family member would benefit
from counseling services. It is meant to serve as introductory guide to guidance and counselling, and also
1
,lead learner to further research. At the end of the course the learner will be expected to assess and classify
methods of counselling, help the parents, teachers, managers and the society at large to identify measures
of correcting behavior . As a learner, as a guidance and counseling teacher one should aim to improve the
condition of the society by giving therapy, supportive counselling, linkage and referral, advocacy and
various other services as demanded.
2
,COURSE OBJECTIVES
At the end of the course the learner should be able to:
Explain the history and define guidance and counselling
Identify the needs for guidance and counselling
Identify characteristics of effective guidance and counselling.-
Explain the theories, techniques principles and practices of counseling
Identify types of counselling and psychotherapy processes adaptable to children and other ages
Counsellor-client relations and expectations in a counselling relationship
Assess, classify, and evaluate emotional disturbances and their causes
3
, CHAPTERONE
HISTORYOFGUIDANCEANDCOUNSELLING
Objectives
By the end of this topic the learner should be able to:
Discuss history of guidance and counseling
Discuss the contribution of Jesse Davis, Alfred Binet and Frank Parson in development of school
counseling
Describe the development of guidance and counseling services in Kenya
HISTORY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
The term counseling has been defined differently by different people.
A way of relating and responding to another person, so that the person is helped to explore her/his
thoughts, feelings and behaviors to reach a clearer self understanding and then is helped to find and
use her/his strengths so that he/she copes more effectively with life by making appropriate decisions
or taking relevant action. (Inskipp and John1984).
It is helping process that uses the safety engendered by a special kind of relationship to help
individuals to get access to a greater part of their personal resources as a mean of responding to the
challenges of life. It uses specific skills and techniques in that relationship to help people become
more competent, more contented and more creative. It does not deal primarily with the mentally ill
but with normal individuals facing all the difficulties involved in domestic, work oriented and social
life. It is about helping people grow in emotional fitness and healthy. (McGuiness, 1998).Therefore,
counseling is the process of establishing a relationship to identify people’s needs, design, strategies
and services to satisfy these needs, and actively assist in carrying out plans to help people make
decisions, solve problems, develop self awareness, and lead healthier lives. Thus counseling refers to
a wide selection of services and activities that counselors choose to help people prevent disabling
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COUNSELLING
COURSE DESCRIBPTION
The course on guidance and counseling is intended for the training of counselors who will be expected to
provide guidance and counseling services to produce fully developed and well prepared young people for
responsible adulthood, future careers, a reduction of young people’s challenges of growth and
development. Due to the many changes that have taken place in the recent years, socially, occupationally,
economically, some of the family and social function that used to be carried out by parents and grand-
parents, for the information and education of the children are now not carried out. A rapidly changing
workworld and labor force, violence in homes, schools and community, technological advances, divorce,
teenage suicide, drug and substance abuse, and sexual experimentations are just a few examples of these
challenges.
Comprehensive guidance and counseling program firmly grounded in principals of human growth and
development, a program that is an integral part of educational processes with a content base-specific
knowledge and skills of its own.
Learners are introduced to the study and practice of Guidance and Counselling. Due to many behavioral
problems you are expected to gain knowledge, skills, competence in handling children, adolescents, young
adults and other clients who seek your help. It looks at the issues requiring guidance and counselling,
theories, principals, techniques and practices governing counselling. There’s need to understand the history
and theories that form the backbone of guidance and counseling practice, counselors development, ethical
and legal issues relating to counselling. The study is intended to assist the learner in gaining insight on basic
psychological problems, and help the learner to decide when you, a friend or family member would benefit
from counseling services. It is meant to serve as introductory guide to guidance and counselling, and also
1
,lead learner to further research. At the end of the course the learner will be expected to assess and classify
methods of counselling, help the parents, teachers, managers and the society at large to identify measures
of correcting behavior . As a learner, as a guidance and counseling teacher one should aim to improve the
condition of the society by giving therapy, supportive counselling, linkage and referral, advocacy and
various other services as demanded.
2
,COURSE OBJECTIVES
At the end of the course the learner should be able to:
Explain the history and define guidance and counselling
Identify the needs for guidance and counselling
Identify characteristics of effective guidance and counselling.-
Explain the theories, techniques principles and practices of counseling
Identify types of counselling and psychotherapy processes adaptable to children and other ages
Counsellor-client relations and expectations in a counselling relationship
Assess, classify, and evaluate emotional disturbances and their causes
3
, CHAPTERONE
HISTORYOFGUIDANCEANDCOUNSELLING
Objectives
By the end of this topic the learner should be able to:
Discuss history of guidance and counseling
Discuss the contribution of Jesse Davis, Alfred Binet and Frank Parson in development of school
counseling
Describe the development of guidance and counseling services in Kenya
HISTORY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
The term counseling has been defined differently by different people.
A way of relating and responding to another person, so that the person is helped to explore her/his
thoughts, feelings and behaviors to reach a clearer self understanding and then is helped to find and
use her/his strengths so that he/she copes more effectively with life by making appropriate decisions
or taking relevant action. (Inskipp and John1984).
It is helping process that uses the safety engendered by a special kind of relationship to help
individuals to get access to a greater part of their personal resources as a mean of responding to the
challenges of life. It uses specific skills and techniques in that relationship to help people become
more competent, more contented and more creative. It does not deal primarily with the mentally ill
but with normal individuals facing all the difficulties involved in domestic, work oriented and social
life. It is about helping people grow in emotional fitness and healthy. (McGuiness, 1998).Therefore,
counseling is the process of establishing a relationship to identify people’s needs, design, strategies
and services to satisfy these needs, and actively assist in carrying out plans to help people make
decisions, solve problems, develop self awareness, and lead healthier lives. Thus counseling refers to
a wide selection of services and activities that counselors choose to help people prevent disabling
7
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