Bio 109 Chapter 27 2025/2026 Exam
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define positive phototaxis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔movement towards nutrients or
oxygen
define negative phototaxis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔movement away from a toxic
substance
define endospore - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a thick-coated, resistant cell produced
by some bacterial cells when they are exposed to harsh conditions.
define binary fission - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔method of reproduction for bacteria
and archaea with no mitosis or meiosis
define phototroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that uses light energy as a
method of nutrition and metabolism
define chemotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that uses the energy from
chemicals in the environment as a method of nutrition and metabolism
1
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, define autotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that needs only CO2 as a
method of nutrition and metabolism.
define heterotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that requires at least one
organic nutrient for nutrition and metabolic processes.
define obligate aerobe - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔use O2 for cellular respiration and
cannot grow without it
define facultative aerobe - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔use O2 if present but can grow
anaerobically
define obligate anaerobe - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔poisoned by O2. May use
fermentation or anaerobic respiration
define bioremediation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the use of microorganisms to aid in
positive restoration of the environment (cleaning up an oil spill)
What are the two main branches of prokaryotic evolution? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔bacteria and archaea
What are the components of a prokaryotic cell wall? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔peptidoglycan (sugars x-linked with polypeptides)
2
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Answers 100%
Guaranteed Success | Already Rated A+
define positive phototaxis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔movement towards nutrients or
oxygen
define negative phototaxis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔movement away from a toxic
substance
define endospore - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a thick-coated, resistant cell produced
by some bacterial cells when they are exposed to harsh conditions.
define binary fission - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔method of reproduction for bacteria
and archaea with no mitosis or meiosis
define phototroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that uses light energy as a
method of nutrition and metabolism
define chemotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that uses the energy from
chemicals in the environment as a method of nutrition and metabolism
1
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, define autotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that needs only CO2 as a
method of nutrition and metabolism.
define heterotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an organism that requires at least one
organic nutrient for nutrition and metabolic processes.
define obligate aerobe - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔use O2 for cellular respiration and
cannot grow without it
define facultative aerobe - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔use O2 if present but can grow
anaerobically
define obligate anaerobe - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔poisoned by O2. May use
fermentation or anaerobic respiration
define bioremediation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the use of microorganisms to aid in
positive restoration of the environment (cleaning up an oil spill)
What are the two main branches of prokaryotic evolution? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔bacteria and archaea
What are the components of a prokaryotic cell wall? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔peptidoglycan (sugars x-linked with polypeptides)
2
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
