BMS300 Exam 1 questions well
answered already passed (2025/2026)
a. two molecules of lactate - correct answer ✔✔A patient presents at the ER with a slow heart
rate, restlessness, and a bluish skin tone. The ER doctor diagnoses hypoxia, which is the lack of
oxygen within the tissues, and places the patient on supplemental oxygen. Thinking about
glycolysis, what would be the products of the catabolism of a glucose molecule in a patient with
hypoxia?
a. two molecules of lactate
b. two molecules of acetyl-CoA
c. four molecules of lactate
d. four molecules of acetyl-CoA
c. phosphate group - correct answer ✔✔A deoxyribonucleoside contains all of the following
EXCEPT a:
a. nitrogenous base
b. deoxyribose sugar
c. phosphate group
d. none of the above - they are all part of a deoxyribonucleoside
b. an amino acid chain with hydrogen bonds formed between the peptide bonds - correct
answer ✔✔Aquaporins are proteins that span the phospholipid bilayer of cells. What protein
structure is MOST LIKELY associated with the transmembrane portion of the aquaporin
channels?
a. a sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
b. an amino acid chain with hydrogen bonds formed between the peptide bonds
c. multiple protein subunits joined together by non-covalent forces
,d. an amino acid chain with hydrogen bonds between R groups
a. requires ATP to function - correct answer ✔✔The Na+/H+ exchanger uses the energy of
sodium moving down its gradient to push hydrogen against its concentration gradient. Which of
the following is NOT true? The Na+/H+ exchanger:
a. requires ATP to function
b. is a counter-transporter
c. is a secondary active transporter
d. has at least four transmembrane domains
c. Triglycerides - correct answer ✔✔Which of the following is NOT a typical component of
biological membranes in eukaryotic cells?
a. proteins that span the lipid bilayer
b. amphipathic molecules
c. Triglycerides
d. phospholipids
a. hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases - correct answer ✔✔During DNA replication,
helicase is needed to unwind the double helix and pull apart the two strands of DNa) Helicase
functions by breaking the:
a. hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
b. phosphodiester bonds between 5-carbon sugars
c. hydrogen bonds between nucleosides
d. covalent bonds between nitrogenous bases
c. Endocytosis - correct answer ✔✔Erythrocytes (red blood cells) are covered in heavily
glycosylated proteins that become oxidized over time. Significant oxidation of these
glycoproteins is a sign the erythrocyte is worn out. Macrophages in the spleen inspect the
glycoproteins and will internalize the old erythrocytes by a process of:
,a. Apoptosis
b. Exocytosis
c. Endocytosis
d. pinocytosis
Golgi apparatus - correct answer ✔✔Tunicamycin is an antibiotic that blocks the transfer of
sugars onto amino acids during glycosylation. You would expect this antibiotic to have its effects
in the:
a. Peroxisome
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Lysosome
d. nucleus
SNAP-25 - correct answer ✔✔SNARE complexes allow for exocytosis of vesicles. Which of the
following proteins would be synthesized on a free ribosome?
SNAP-25
VAMP
Syntaxin
synaptotagmin
acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue - correct answer ✔✔Creatine phosphate:
is only formed during strenuous exercise
, is produced by the process of anaerobic respiration
cannot transfer its phosphate group to ADP
acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue
retrograde transport of vesicles on microtubules - correct answer ✔✔A toxin that blocks the
ability of dynein to cleave ATP to ADP + Pi would disrupt the:
anterograde transport of vesicles on microtubules
retrograde transport of vesicles on microtubules
anterograde transport of vesicles on f-actin
retrograde transport of vesicles on f-actin
post-translational modification - correct answer ✔✔Phosphorylation of protein channels
increasing or decreasing permeability through that channel is an example of a:
co-transcriptional modification
post-transcriptional modification
co-translational modification
answered already passed (2025/2026)
a. two molecules of lactate - correct answer ✔✔A patient presents at the ER with a slow heart
rate, restlessness, and a bluish skin tone. The ER doctor diagnoses hypoxia, which is the lack of
oxygen within the tissues, and places the patient on supplemental oxygen. Thinking about
glycolysis, what would be the products of the catabolism of a glucose molecule in a patient with
hypoxia?
a. two molecules of lactate
b. two molecules of acetyl-CoA
c. four molecules of lactate
d. four molecules of acetyl-CoA
c. phosphate group - correct answer ✔✔A deoxyribonucleoside contains all of the following
EXCEPT a:
a. nitrogenous base
b. deoxyribose sugar
c. phosphate group
d. none of the above - they are all part of a deoxyribonucleoside
b. an amino acid chain with hydrogen bonds formed between the peptide bonds - correct
answer ✔✔Aquaporins are proteins that span the phospholipid bilayer of cells. What protein
structure is MOST LIKELY associated with the transmembrane portion of the aquaporin
channels?
a. a sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
b. an amino acid chain with hydrogen bonds formed between the peptide bonds
c. multiple protein subunits joined together by non-covalent forces
,d. an amino acid chain with hydrogen bonds between R groups
a. requires ATP to function - correct answer ✔✔The Na+/H+ exchanger uses the energy of
sodium moving down its gradient to push hydrogen against its concentration gradient. Which of
the following is NOT true? The Na+/H+ exchanger:
a. requires ATP to function
b. is a counter-transporter
c. is a secondary active transporter
d. has at least four transmembrane domains
c. Triglycerides - correct answer ✔✔Which of the following is NOT a typical component of
biological membranes in eukaryotic cells?
a. proteins that span the lipid bilayer
b. amphipathic molecules
c. Triglycerides
d. phospholipids
a. hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases - correct answer ✔✔During DNA replication,
helicase is needed to unwind the double helix and pull apart the two strands of DNa) Helicase
functions by breaking the:
a. hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
b. phosphodiester bonds between 5-carbon sugars
c. hydrogen bonds between nucleosides
d. covalent bonds between nitrogenous bases
c. Endocytosis - correct answer ✔✔Erythrocytes (red blood cells) are covered in heavily
glycosylated proteins that become oxidized over time. Significant oxidation of these
glycoproteins is a sign the erythrocyte is worn out. Macrophages in the spleen inspect the
glycoproteins and will internalize the old erythrocytes by a process of:
,a. Apoptosis
b. Exocytosis
c. Endocytosis
d. pinocytosis
Golgi apparatus - correct answer ✔✔Tunicamycin is an antibiotic that blocks the transfer of
sugars onto amino acids during glycosylation. You would expect this antibiotic to have its effects
in the:
a. Peroxisome
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Lysosome
d. nucleus
SNAP-25 - correct answer ✔✔SNARE complexes allow for exocytosis of vesicles. Which of the
following proteins would be synthesized on a free ribosome?
SNAP-25
VAMP
Syntaxin
synaptotagmin
acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue - correct answer ✔✔Creatine phosphate:
is only formed during strenuous exercise
, is produced by the process of anaerobic respiration
cannot transfer its phosphate group to ADP
acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue
retrograde transport of vesicles on microtubules - correct answer ✔✔A toxin that blocks the
ability of dynein to cleave ATP to ADP + Pi would disrupt the:
anterograde transport of vesicles on microtubules
retrograde transport of vesicles on microtubules
anterograde transport of vesicles on f-actin
retrograde transport of vesicles on f-actin
post-translational modification - correct answer ✔✔Phosphorylation of protein channels
increasing or decreasing permeability through that channel is an example of a:
co-transcriptional modification
post-transcriptional modification
co-translational modification
