CT S7 Limited Contractor Exam ,,,

1. Licensing, Regulations, and Code Compliance • Understanding Connecticut licensing requirements for S7 Limited Contractors • Scope of work allowed under the S7 license • Overview of Connecticut General Statutes Title 20: Professional and Occupational Licensing • Department of Consumer Protection (DCP) rules and responsibilities • Permit acquisition procedures and inspection protocols • National, state, and local code compliance (including IRC, IPC, IFGC, and IECC) • Work limitations and supervising responsibilities for limited contractors • Employer/employee responsibilities in licensed contractor roles • Disciplinary actions, penalties, and complaint resolution process ________________________________________ 2. Safety Standards and Practices • OSHA standards and job site safety practices • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) selection and usage • Lockout/tagout (LOTO) procedures for mechanical systems • Fire safety and fire suppression around HVAC and piping systems • Handling and storage of refrigerants, flammable gases, and chemicals • Ladder, scaffolding, and confined space protocols • Fall protection systems and injury prevention methods • Emergency procedures and first aid readiness • Reporting workplace accidents and near-misses ________________________________________ 3. Blueprint Reading and System Design Interpretation • Understanding construction blueprints and mechanical system schematics • Reading HVAC and plumbing line diagrams • Identifying mechanical room layouts and system component locations • Recognizing duct, piping, and wiring routes on design documents • Specification sheets and cut sheets for HVAC equipment • Symbols and notation used in HVAC and piping system drawings • Interpreting load calculations, riser diagrams, and floor plans ________________________________________ 4. Tools, Equipment, and Material Handling • Identification and safe operation of hand and power tools used in HVAC and piping work • Use of specialty tools: pipe threaders, torque wrenches, swaging tools, combustion analyzers • Material types used in residential systems (copper, PEX, PVC, black iron, CSST) • Understanding fasteners, sealants, and insulation materials • Proper handling and storage of refrigerants and gases • Tool calibration, maintenance, and safety checks • Equipment transportation and lifting safety • Selecting the correct tools for specific installation tasks ________________________________________ 5. Piping, Fitting, and Valve Installation • Installation of hydronic heating system piping • Pipe joining techniques: soldering, brazing, threading, compression, press-fit • Pipe support, expansion, and contraction allowances • Valve types: ball, gate, check, mixing, zone, pressure relief – function and installation • Gas piping layout and pressure testing procedures • Installation and leak testing of water supply and drain systems • Pipe sizing, insulation, and routing best practices • Fuel gas systems: piping materials, fittings, shut-offs, and regulators • Cross-connection protection and backflow prevention ________________________________________ 6. Residential Heating System Installation and Servicing • Overview of heating systems: hot water boilers, steam boilers, and warm-air furnaces • Combustion air requirements and venting systems • Installation of baseboard, panel radiators, and radiant heating • Circulators, zone valves, and thermostatic controls • Boiler safety controls: pressure relief valves, aquastats, and low-water cutoffs • Flue gas venting systems: types, sizing, and code compliance • Startup procedures for hydronic and warm-air systems • Troubleshooting burner, ignition, and control issues • Boiler water quality, expansion tanks, and air elimination • Annual maintenance tasks and preventive measures ________________________________________ 7. Residential Cooling System Installation and Servicing • Split and packaged AC system components and layout • Evaporator coil, condenser unit, expansion device installation • Refrigerant piping practices: line sizing, routing, insulation • Charging and evacuating refrigeration systems • Thermostatic and electronic expansion valves: operation and troubleshooting • Recovery, recycling, and proper handling of refrigerants (EPA 608 considerations) • Electrical wiring and control circuitry for AC systems • Air handler installation and condensate drain management • Troubleshooting compressor, capacitor, and airflow issues • Preventive maintenance procedures for cooling systems ________________________________________ 8. Electrical Knowledge for HVAC Systems • Basic electricity principles: voltage, current, resistance, Ohm’s law • Electrical safety practices and lockout procedures • Reading wiring diagrams and control schematics • Electrical circuit components: contactors, relays, capacitors, transformers • Thermostat wiring and control configurations • Low-voltage vs. line-voltage wiring differences • Multimeter usage for voltage, continuity, and resistance checks • Circuit protection: breakers, fuses, disconnects • Grounding and bonding requirements • Diagnosing common electrical faults in HVAC systems ________________________________________ 9. Ductwork and Air Distribution Systems • Duct materials: sheet metal, flexible duct, fiberglass duct board • Duct sizing, design, and airflow balancing • Installation of supply, return, and exhaust ductwork • Air registers, grilles, and diffusers: placement and function • Blower motor types and airflow adjustments • Static pressure testing and airflow measurement • Air filtration systems and indoor air quality basics • Duct sealing and insulation techniques • Zoning systems and dampers • Troubleshooting airflow-related complaints ________________________________________ 10. Customer Relations and Job Management • Communicating effectively with customers and team members • Preparing and presenting job estimates and proposals • Understanding service agreements and warranties • Managing time, resources, and subcontractors • Handling customer complaints professionally • Documenting work performed and maintaining records • Ensuring quality assurance and code compliance • Ethical conduct and responsibilities as a licensed contractor • Post-installation walkthroughs and system handoffs • Staying updated with continuing education and industry developments ________________________________________ 11. Energy Efficiency and Green Building Principles • Overview of energy-efficient heating and cooling systems • SEER, EER, AFUE, and HSPF rating systems • High-efficiency boilers and furnaces: features and benefits • Use of programmable and smart thermostats • Duct sealing and insulation for energy conservation • Integrating heat pumps and hybrid systems • Solar thermal and geothermal heating considerations • Building envelope basics: insulation, air sealing, and ventilation • Rebates, incentives, and energy code compliance • Environmental impacts of HVAC systems and refrigerants