PHCH 667 Final Exam Questions with Correct
Answers
Which of the following is FALSE about lipoproteins? HDL contains the highest percent of
cholesterol in its lipid payload and is the major carrier of cholesterol in the blood
LDL is often calculated based on the Friedewald equation. Which of the following is the correct
Friedewald equation [LCL-C] = [TC] - [HDL-C] - [TG]/5
If lipid profile is measured using nonfasting blood samples, which lipid results can still be
accurate? TC and HDL
According to the NCEP 2001 guideline, what is the desirable TC level and what HDL level is
considered low (if desirable)? TC < 200mg/dL and HDL < 40 mg/dL
A new cardiovascular prevention guideline was released in 2013 by AHA and American College
of Cardiology to calculate the ASCVD risks based on risk factors. Serum cholesterol levels (Tc and
HDL) are considered as risk factors in the new calculation. True
,Triglycerides are esterified form of glycerol and fatty acids. Serum TG levels are not significantly
altered after a fatty meal. False
Generally, BNP and NT-BMP levels are predicative as follows: Low levels of BNP or NT-
BNP (100 and 300) are indicative that heart failure is unlikely
Serum biomarkers for heart attack are released into serum in which order (from first to last)?
Myoglobin, troponins = creatine kinase, lactase dehydrogenase
Myocardial infarction leads to death of heart muscle due to lack of oxygen which leads to
release of cardiac enzymes and proteins into the serum. Which parameters is the MOST
challenging in terms evaluating serum biomarker results? Determining when a heart
attack started (time zero)
Generally, high levels of hs-CRP are predictive of which of the following? Lower survival
rates and recurrent events
Which of the following is true? UA/NSTEMI is defined by ST- depression or prominent T-
inversion and/or positive biomarkers
,Which of the following characteristics is not a key role for myoglobin as an early biomarker for
MI? Specific isoform of protein in cardiac cells
Which of the following troponins have unique form(s) in cardiac cells and are thus used as
serum biomarkers Troponins I and T
What is the function of thyroid hormone? Regulate carbohydrate, lipid and protein
metabolism within cells
What is the most common type of laboratory assay that is widely used to assess thyroid
hormone concentrations, such as FT4? Immunoassay
Hypothyroidism is diagnosed by which of the following? Decreased T4 and decreased T3
TSH is secreted by the _______ Pituitary gland
, A disorder of the thyroid caused by autoimmune reaction to TSH receptor is ______
Grave's disease
TRH is secreted by the ______ Hypothalamus gland
Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed by which of the following? Increased T4 and increased T3
Total T4 = Free T4 + bound T4
Type 2 DM Is associated with resistance to the action of insulin
The storage form of glucose is called ____ and is stored in the _____ Glycogen; liver
Type 1 DM: Is also known as insulin-dependent DM
A 30 year old woman had gestational diabetes a year ago. She is 250 pounds and has an oral
glucose tolerance test level of 500 mg/dL. This woman is most likely going to be diagnosed with
_____ Type II diabetes mellitus
Answers
Which of the following is FALSE about lipoproteins? HDL contains the highest percent of
cholesterol in its lipid payload and is the major carrier of cholesterol in the blood
LDL is often calculated based on the Friedewald equation. Which of the following is the correct
Friedewald equation [LCL-C] = [TC] - [HDL-C] - [TG]/5
If lipid profile is measured using nonfasting blood samples, which lipid results can still be
accurate? TC and HDL
According to the NCEP 2001 guideline, what is the desirable TC level and what HDL level is
considered low (if desirable)? TC < 200mg/dL and HDL < 40 mg/dL
A new cardiovascular prevention guideline was released in 2013 by AHA and American College
of Cardiology to calculate the ASCVD risks based on risk factors. Serum cholesterol levels (Tc and
HDL) are considered as risk factors in the new calculation. True
,Triglycerides are esterified form of glycerol and fatty acids. Serum TG levels are not significantly
altered after a fatty meal. False
Generally, BNP and NT-BMP levels are predicative as follows: Low levels of BNP or NT-
BNP (100 and 300) are indicative that heart failure is unlikely
Serum biomarkers for heart attack are released into serum in which order (from first to last)?
Myoglobin, troponins = creatine kinase, lactase dehydrogenase
Myocardial infarction leads to death of heart muscle due to lack of oxygen which leads to
release of cardiac enzymes and proteins into the serum. Which parameters is the MOST
challenging in terms evaluating serum biomarker results? Determining when a heart
attack started (time zero)
Generally, high levels of hs-CRP are predictive of which of the following? Lower survival
rates and recurrent events
Which of the following is true? UA/NSTEMI is defined by ST- depression or prominent T-
inversion and/or positive biomarkers
,Which of the following characteristics is not a key role for myoglobin as an early biomarker for
MI? Specific isoform of protein in cardiac cells
Which of the following troponins have unique form(s) in cardiac cells and are thus used as
serum biomarkers Troponins I and T
What is the function of thyroid hormone? Regulate carbohydrate, lipid and protein
metabolism within cells
What is the most common type of laboratory assay that is widely used to assess thyroid
hormone concentrations, such as FT4? Immunoassay
Hypothyroidism is diagnosed by which of the following? Decreased T4 and decreased T3
TSH is secreted by the _______ Pituitary gland
, A disorder of the thyroid caused by autoimmune reaction to TSH receptor is ______
Grave's disease
TRH is secreted by the ______ Hypothalamus gland
Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed by which of the following? Increased T4 and increased T3
Total T4 = Free T4 + bound T4
Type 2 DM Is associated with resistance to the action of insulin
The storage form of glucose is called ____ and is stored in the _____ Glycogen; liver
Type 1 DM: Is also known as insulin-dependent DM
A 30 year old woman had gestational diabetes a year ago. She is 250 pounds and has an oral
glucose tolerance test level of 500 mg/dL. This woman is most likely going to be diagnosed with
_____ Type II diabetes mellitus
