DMS2O2 ABD + SM PARTS – FULL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Parapelvic cysts are located in the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅RENAL SINUS
The most common solid renal mass found in childhood is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅WILMS TUMOR
Fusion of the lower pole of the kidneys is called a: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅HORSESHOE KIDNEY
The most echogenic portion(s) of the kidney is(are) the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SINUS
A cortical bulge in the lateral border of the kidney is called a(n): - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅DROMEDARY HUMP
A dilated renal pelvis without ureteral dilation may be observed in patients with: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅PRENANCY
A renal sonogram is performed. The finding of hypoechoic areas adjacent to the renal sinus is most
consistent with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS
The kidneys are located in the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅RETROPERITONEAL CAVITY
The left kidney is in contact with the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SPLEEN, STOMACH, AND PANCREAS
The right kidney is in contact with the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅LIVER, COLON, AND ADRENAL
GLAND
Pyonephrosis refers to the presence of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PUS IN A DILATED COLLECTING
SYSTEM
,Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographically by which one of the following patterns? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅FLUID-FILLED PELVOCALICEAL COLLECTING SYSTEM
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may be characterized by all of the following statements
except: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅THE KIDNEYS ARE SMALL AND EXTREMELY ECHOGENIC
The most common location of renal ectopia is the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PELVIS
The normal bladder wall should be smooth and thin and measure between ____________ millimeters
(mm). - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅3-6MM
In cases of medullary nephrocalcinosis, calcium deposits are usually located in the: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅PYRAMIDS
A common finding in people over 50 years of age is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅RENAL CYST
Identify the type of hydronephrosis demonstrating dilatation of the renal pelvis with thinning of the
renal cortex. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅GRADE 4
The process of disposing metabolic wastes is called: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅EXCRETION
A triangular-shaped defect located anteriorly in the upper pole of the kidney most likely represents a(n):
- CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅JUNCTIONAL PARENCHYMAL DEFECT
Dilation of the renal pelvis may be caused by all of the following except: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅ANURIA
A common benign vascular fatty tumor of the kidney is called a(n): - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅ANGIOMYOLIPOMA
, Which one of the following describes a bladder diverticulum? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅HERNIATION OF THE BLADDER WALL
You are scanning a patient and notice that the right and left kidney are attached at their lower poles.
What anomaly is present? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅HORSESHOE KIDNEY
You are performing a sonogram on a patient with bilaterally small kidneys. What is the normal range in
length for a kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅9-12CM
You are performing a renal sonogram and identify hydronephrosis in the right kidney. Which of the
following is NOT potential cause of hydronephrosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ANGIOMYOLIPOMA
You are performing an ultrasound exam on a patient with crossed fused renal ectopia. Which of the
following describes your findings? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅THE KIDNEYS ARE FUSED TOGETHER
AND ON THE SAME SIDE OF THE BODY
Which malignant tumor is most common in children aged 2-5? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅WILMS
TUMOR
You are scanning a 31-year-old patient with hypertension and impaired renal function. You detect
enlarged kidneys with cysts that are too numerous to count. Which of the following is most likely? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
You have detected a solid mass in the right kidney of a 47-year-old male. You should tailor your exam to
evaluate which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SEARCH FOR RETROPERITONEAL
ADENOPATHY, LIVER METS, EXTENSION OF TUMOR INTO RENAL VEIN
(ALL OF THE ABOVE)
You are performing an ultrasound on a patient with known horseshoe kidneys. What is the name for the
part of the kidney anterior to the aorta where the kidneys are fused together? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅ISTHMUS
ANSWERS
Parapelvic cysts are located in the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅RENAL SINUS
The most common solid renal mass found in childhood is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅WILMS TUMOR
Fusion of the lower pole of the kidneys is called a: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅HORSESHOE KIDNEY
The most echogenic portion(s) of the kidney is(are) the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SINUS
A cortical bulge in the lateral border of the kidney is called a(n): - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅DROMEDARY HUMP
A dilated renal pelvis without ureteral dilation may be observed in patients with: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅PRENANCY
A renal sonogram is performed. The finding of hypoechoic areas adjacent to the renal sinus is most
consistent with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS
The kidneys are located in the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅RETROPERITONEAL CAVITY
The left kidney is in contact with the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SPLEEN, STOMACH, AND PANCREAS
The right kidney is in contact with the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅LIVER, COLON, AND ADRENAL
GLAND
Pyonephrosis refers to the presence of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PUS IN A DILATED COLLECTING
SYSTEM
,Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographically by which one of the following patterns? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅FLUID-FILLED PELVOCALICEAL COLLECTING SYSTEM
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may be characterized by all of the following statements
except: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅THE KIDNEYS ARE SMALL AND EXTREMELY ECHOGENIC
The most common location of renal ectopia is the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PELVIS
The normal bladder wall should be smooth and thin and measure between ____________ millimeters
(mm). - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅3-6MM
In cases of medullary nephrocalcinosis, calcium deposits are usually located in the: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅PYRAMIDS
A common finding in people over 50 years of age is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅RENAL CYST
Identify the type of hydronephrosis demonstrating dilatation of the renal pelvis with thinning of the
renal cortex. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅GRADE 4
The process of disposing metabolic wastes is called: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅EXCRETION
A triangular-shaped defect located anteriorly in the upper pole of the kidney most likely represents a(n):
- CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅JUNCTIONAL PARENCHYMAL DEFECT
Dilation of the renal pelvis may be caused by all of the following except: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅ANURIA
A common benign vascular fatty tumor of the kidney is called a(n): - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅ANGIOMYOLIPOMA
, Which one of the following describes a bladder diverticulum? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅HERNIATION OF THE BLADDER WALL
You are scanning a patient and notice that the right and left kidney are attached at their lower poles.
What anomaly is present? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅HORSESHOE KIDNEY
You are performing a sonogram on a patient with bilaterally small kidneys. What is the normal range in
length for a kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅9-12CM
You are performing a renal sonogram and identify hydronephrosis in the right kidney. Which of the
following is NOT potential cause of hydronephrosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ANGIOMYOLIPOMA
You are performing an ultrasound exam on a patient with crossed fused renal ectopia. Which of the
following describes your findings? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅THE KIDNEYS ARE FUSED TOGETHER
AND ON THE SAME SIDE OF THE BODY
Which malignant tumor is most common in children aged 2-5? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅WILMS
TUMOR
You are scanning a 31-year-old patient with hypertension and impaired renal function. You detect
enlarged kidneys with cysts that are too numerous to count. Which of the following is most likely? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
You have detected a solid mass in the right kidney of a 47-year-old male. You should tailor your exam to
evaluate which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SEARCH FOR RETROPERITONEAL
ADENOPATHY, LIVER METS, EXTENSION OF TUMOR INTO RENAL VEIN
(ALL OF THE ABOVE)
You are performing an ultrasound on a patient with known horseshoe kidneys. What is the name for the
part of the kidney anterior to the aorta where the kidneys are fused together? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅ISTHMUS
