PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 Exam
Questions & answers
Air gap - -A physical separation sufficient to prevent backflow between the
free-flowing discharge end of a potable water system outlet and any other
system
The distance is equal to twice the diameter of the outlet, but never less than
one (1) inch
- Backflow - -The flow of non-potable water or other liquids, mixtures, or
substances into the potable water supply system
- Back-siphonage - -Backflow resulting from negative pressures in the
distribution pipes of potable water systems
- Backflow prevention device - -A device or means designed to prevent
backflow or back-siphonage
- Check valve - -Self-closing device that is designed to allow the flow of
fluids in one direction and to close if there is a reversal of flow
- Chloramine (Combined Available Chlorine) - -The chlorine products formed
by the reaction of equilibrium products of ammonia with the equilibrium
products of chlorine to form chloramines
Has significantly less disinfection power than chlorine
- Contaminant - -Anything found in the water which may be harmful to
human health. Ex: microorganisms, minerals, chemicals
- Cross connection - -Any actual or potential connection between the public
water supply and a source of contamination or pollution
- Disinfectant - -A chemical or physical process that kills microogranisms
such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa
- Some examples of Disinfectants - -Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloramines
Ozone
- Filtration - -A process for removing particulate matter from water by
passage through porous media
, - Free Available Chlorine - -Chlorine available (after chlorine demand has
been satisfied) in the forms of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions
- Halogen - -Series of elements that are highly reactive, and as such can be
harmful or lethal to biological organisms in sufficient quantities
Ex: Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
- Chlorine; Bromine - -Both ___ and ___ are used as disinfectants for drinking
water, swimming pools, fresh wounds, spas, dishes, and surfaces. They kill
bacteria and other potentially harmful organisms.
- Marginal chlorination - -Application of chlorine to produce the desired total
chlorine residual without reference to the amounts of free or combined
chlorine present
- Raw water - -Untreated water entering the first treatment unit of a water
treatment plant
Water used as a source of water supply taken from an impounded body of
water
Ex: stream, lake, or pond
- Sanitary defects - -Conditions that may cause the contamination of a
water supply during or after treatment
- Sanitary defects include: - -a. Connections to unsafe water supplies
b. Raw water bypasses in treatment plants
c. Plumbing fixtures improperly designed and/or installed
d. Leaking water and sewer pipes in the same trench
- Total available chlorine - -The sum of the chlorine forms present as free
available chlorine and combined available chlorine
- Treated water - -Water that is ready for consumption but has undergone
processing such as: Sedimentation, Filtration, Softening, and Disinfection
- Retreated - -Treated water includes purchased potable water that is ___
(chlorinated, fluoridated, etc.)
- Trihalomethane (THM) - -Chemical compounds in which three of the four
hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
, - Solvents or refrigerants - -Many trihalomethanes find uses in industry as
___ or ___.
- Environmental pollutants; carcinogenic - -THMs are also ___ ___, and many
are considered ___.
- Trihalomethanes - -Formed as a by-product predominantly when chlorine
is used to disinfect water for drinking
Result from the reaction of chlorine and/or bromine with organic matter
present in the water being treated
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - -An agency of the U.S.
government that sets and enforces national pollution control standards
Developed and enforces the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
- The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) - -The main federal law that ensures
the quality of Americans' drinking water. Under ___, EPA sets standards for
drinking water quality and oversees the states, localities, and water suppliers
who implement those standards.
- 1974 (Signed into law on 16 December 1974) - -SDWA was originally
passed by Congress in ___ to protect public health by regulating the nation's
public drinking water supply.
- 1986 and 1996 - -The SDWA was amended in ___ and ___ and requires
many actions to protect drinking water and its sources: rivers, lakes,
reservoirs, springs, and ground water wells.
- National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) - -Primary legislation
that has been adopted by individual states and is concerned with public
water systems from a health standpoint; federally enforced
- National Secondary Drinking Water Regulation (NSDWR) - -Concerned with
contaminants that may adversely affect the aesthetic quality of drinking
water; not federally enforceable but is intended to be used as a guideline for
the states and may be incorporated into state law and enforced by the
respective state
- OPNAV Instruction 5090.1 Series (Navy) - -"Environmental and Natural
Resources Program Manual"
Marine Corps Order P5090.2 Series
Publishes procedures implementing the SDWA, NPDWR, and NSDWR
- BUMED Instruction 6240.10 Series - -"Standards for Potable Water"
Questions & answers
Air gap - -A physical separation sufficient to prevent backflow between the
free-flowing discharge end of a potable water system outlet and any other
system
The distance is equal to twice the diameter of the outlet, but never less than
one (1) inch
- Backflow - -The flow of non-potable water or other liquids, mixtures, or
substances into the potable water supply system
- Back-siphonage - -Backflow resulting from negative pressures in the
distribution pipes of potable water systems
- Backflow prevention device - -A device or means designed to prevent
backflow or back-siphonage
- Check valve - -Self-closing device that is designed to allow the flow of
fluids in one direction and to close if there is a reversal of flow
- Chloramine (Combined Available Chlorine) - -The chlorine products formed
by the reaction of equilibrium products of ammonia with the equilibrium
products of chlorine to form chloramines
Has significantly less disinfection power than chlorine
- Contaminant - -Anything found in the water which may be harmful to
human health. Ex: microorganisms, minerals, chemicals
- Cross connection - -Any actual or potential connection between the public
water supply and a source of contamination or pollution
- Disinfectant - -A chemical or physical process that kills microogranisms
such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa
- Some examples of Disinfectants - -Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloramines
Ozone
- Filtration - -A process for removing particulate matter from water by
passage through porous media
, - Free Available Chlorine - -Chlorine available (after chlorine demand has
been satisfied) in the forms of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions
- Halogen - -Series of elements that are highly reactive, and as such can be
harmful or lethal to biological organisms in sufficient quantities
Ex: Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
- Chlorine; Bromine - -Both ___ and ___ are used as disinfectants for drinking
water, swimming pools, fresh wounds, spas, dishes, and surfaces. They kill
bacteria and other potentially harmful organisms.
- Marginal chlorination - -Application of chlorine to produce the desired total
chlorine residual without reference to the amounts of free or combined
chlorine present
- Raw water - -Untreated water entering the first treatment unit of a water
treatment plant
Water used as a source of water supply taken from an impounded body of
water
Ex: stream, lake, or pond
- Sanitary defects - -Conditions that may cause the contamination of a
water supply during or after treatment
- Sanitary defects include: - -a. Connections to unsafe water supplies
b. Raw water bypasses in treatment plants
c. Plumbing fixtures improperly designed and/or installed
d. Leaking water and sewer pipes in the same trench
- Total available chlorine - -The sum of the chlorine forms present as free
available chlorine and combined available chlorine
- Treated water - -Water that is ready for consumption but has undergone
processing such as: Sedimentation, Filtration, Softening, and Disinfection
- Retreated - -Treated water includes purchased potable water that is ___
(chlorinated, fluoridated, etc.)
- Trihalomethane (THM) - -Chemical compounds in which three of the four
hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
, - Solvents or refrigerants - -Many trihalomethanes find uses in industry as
___ or ___.
- Environmental pollutants; carcinogenic - -THMs are also ___ ___, and many
are considered ___.
- Trihalomethanes - -Formed as a by-product predominantly when chlorine
is used to disinfect water for drinking
Result from the reaction of chlorine and/or bromine with organic matter
present in the water being treated
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - -An agency of the U.S.
government that sets and enforces national pollution control standards
Developed and enforces the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
- The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) - -The main federal law that ensures
the quality of Americans' drinking water. Under ___, EPA sets standards for
drinking water quality and oversees the states, localities, and water suppliers
who implement those standards.
- 1974 (Signed into law on 16 December 1974) - -SDWA was originally
passed by Congress in ___ to protect public health by regulating the nation's
public drinking water supply.
- 1986 and 1996 - -The SDWA was amended in ___ and ___ and requires
many actions to protect drinking water and its sources: rivers, lakes,
reservoirs, springs, and ground water wells.
- National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) - -Primary legislation
that has been adopted by individual states and is concerned with public
water systems from a health standpoint; federally enforced
- National Secondary Drinking Water Regulation (NSDWR) - -Concerned with
contaminants that may adversely affect the aesthetic quality of drinking
water; not federally enforceable but is intended to be used as a guideline for
the states and may be incorporated into state law and enforced by the
respective state
- OPNAV Instruction 5090.1 Series (Navy) - -"Environmental and Natural
Resources Program Manual"
Marine Corps Order P5090.2 Series
Publishes procedures implementing the SDWA, NPDWR, and NSDWR
- BUMED Instruction 6240.10 Series - -"Standards for Potable Water"
