,Chapter 1 Obtaining an Initial History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE v
1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should
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the nurse do first?
v v v v
a. Introduce him- or herself. v v v
b. Make the family comfortable. v v v
c. Give assurance of privacy. v v v
d. Explain the purpose of the interview. v v v v v
ANS: A
v v
The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
and other adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Clarification of the purpose of the interview and the nurses role is the second thing that should be
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
done. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should include general conversation to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
help make the family feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of distraction as possible. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
with other members of the health care team and any limits to the confidentiality.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?
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a. Using silence v
b. Using clichs v
c. Directing the focus v v
d. Defining the problem v v
ANS: B
v v
Using stereotyped comments or clichs can block effective communication. After the nurse uses
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such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewing tool.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Silence permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
allowing maximum freedom of expression. By using open-ended questions and guiding
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questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information and maintain a relationship with the
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family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and define the problem that will be the focus of
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the nursing intervention.
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3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?
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a. Presence of the childs parent v v v v
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,b. Childs physical condition
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c. Childs developmental level
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Material
d. Childs nonverbal behaviors v v
ANS: C
v v
The nurse must be aware of the childs developmental stage to engage in effective
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communication. The use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the childs
v v v v v v v v v v v v
developmental level and physical condition. Although the childs physical condition is a
v v v v v v v v v v v v
consideration, developmental level is much more important. The presence of parents is important
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
when communicating with young children but may be detrimental when speaking with
v v v v v v v v v v v v
adolescents.
v
4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when
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communicating with them?
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a. Focus communication on the child. v v v v
b. Use easy analogies when possible.
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c. Explain experiences of others to the child. v v v v v v
d. Assure the child that communication is private. v v v v v v
vANS: A v
Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information about
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vwhat they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analogies,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vexperiences, and assurances that communication is private will not be effective because the child
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vis not capable of understanding.
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5. The nurses approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid
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vshould be based on which principle?
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a. The child may think the equipment is alive. v v v v v v v
b. Explaining the equipment will only increase the childs fear. v v v v v v v v
c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the childs fear.
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d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does.
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ANS: A
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Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the
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objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipment
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
should be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the equipment
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
does and how it will feel will help alleviate the childs fear. Preschoolers need repeated
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
explanations as reassurance.
v v v
6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
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a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. v v v v v v
b. Allow an opportunity to express feelings.
v v v v v
c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
v v v v v v v v
d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained. v v v v v v
ANS: B
v v
Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to express their feelings. Often they interject
v v v v v v v v v v v v
feelings into their words. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings expressed. The nurse
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Downloaded vby: vYongsam v|
Distribution vof vthis vdocument vis villegal
v v v v v
MULTIPLE CHOICE v
1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the nurse do first?
v v v v
a. Introduce him- or herself. v v v
b. Make the family comfortable. v v v
c. Give assurance of privacy. v v v
d. Explain the purpose of the interview. v v v v v
ANS: A
v v
The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
and other adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Clarification of the purpose of the interview and the nurses role is the second thing that should be
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
done. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should include general conversation to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
help make the family feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of distraction as possible. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
with other members of the health care team and any limits to the confidentiality.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?
v v v v v v v
a. Using silence v
b. Using clichs v
c. Directing the focus v v
d. Defining the problem v v
ANS: B
v v
Using stereotyped comments or clichs can block effective communication. After the nurse uses
v v v v v v v v v v v v
such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewing tool.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Silence permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
allowing maximum freedom of expression. By using open-ended questions and guiding
v v v v v v v v v v v
questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information and maintain a relationship with the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and define the problem that will be the focus of
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the nursing intervention.
v v v
3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?
v v v v v v v v v v v v
a. Presence of the childs parent v v v v
Downloaded vby: vYongsam v|
Distribution vof vthis vdocument vis villegal
,b. Childs physical condition
v v
c. Childs developmental level
v v
Downloaded vby: vYongsam v|
Distribution vof vthis vdocument vis villegal
, Stuvia.com v- vThe vMarketplace vto vBuy vand vSell vyour vStudy
Material
d. Childs nonverbal behaviors v v
ANS: C
v v
The nurse must be aware of the childs developmental stage to engage in effective
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
communication. The use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the childs
v v v v v v v v v v v v
developmental level and physical condition. Although the childs physical condition is a
v v v v v v v v v v v v
consideration, developmental level is much more important. The presence of parents is important
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
when communicating with young children but may be detrimental when speaking with
v v v v v v v v v v v v
adolescents.
v
4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
communicating with them?
v v v
a. Focus communication on the child. v v v v
b. Use easy analogies when possible.
v v v v
c. Explain experiences of others to the child. v v v v v v
d. Assure the child that communication is private. v v v v v v
vANS: A v
Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information about
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vwhat they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analogies,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vexperiences, and assurances that communication is private will not be effective because the child
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
vis not capable of understanding.
v v v v
5. The nurses approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid
v v v v v v v v v v v v
vshould be based on which principle?
v v v v v
a. The child may think the equipment is alive. v v v v v v v
b. Explaining the equipment will only increase the childs fear. v v v v v v v v
c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the childs fear.
v v v v v v v v v v
d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does.
v v v v v v v v v v
ANS: A
v v
Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the
v v v v v v v v v v v v
objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipment
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
should be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the equipment
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
does and how it will feel will help alleviate the childs fear. Preschoolers need repeated
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
explanations as reassurance.
v v v
6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
v v v v v v v v v
a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. v v v v v v
b. Allow an opportunity to express feelings.
v v v v v
c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
v v v v v v v v
d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained. v v v v v v
ANS: B
v v
Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to express their feelings. Often they interject
v v v v v v v v v v v v
feelings into their words. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings expressed. The nurse
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Downloaded vby: vYongsam v|
Distribution vof vthis vdocument vis villegal
