Chapter 12 Molecular Biology of the
Gene
A biotechnology company named Synthorax has expanded the genetic alphabet by creating
two new forms of ________ called X and Y. - ANS-Blank 1: nucleotides or bases
\A codon is composed of _______ nucleotides. - ANS-3
\A completed polypeptide is released during the phase of translation called -
ANS-termination
\A three-nucleotide sequence, in mRNA, that codes for a particular amino acid is called a -
ANS-codon
\Adenine and guanine are nitrogen-containing bases called - ANS-Blank 1: purines
\An anticodon is the complement of the ______. - ANS-codon
\An opening in eukaryotic DNA, containing two forks at the site of replication is called a
replication ______. - ANS-bubble
\Based on your understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology, match the following
processes with the correct description. - ANS-transcription--DNA is used as a template to
produce RNA.
translation--RNA is used to produce protein.
replication--DNA is used as a template to produce duplicate molecules of DNA.
\DNA is composed of units called ________, each of which contains a phosphate group, a
5-carbon sugar, and one of 4 nitrogen-containing bases. - ANS-Blank 1: nucleotides or
nucleotide
\DNA nucleotides come in ___________ different varieties. - ANS-4
\During the 1940s, scientists considered what two molecules most likely to be genetic
material? - ANS-DNA
protein
\During the final stage of translation, a release factor binds to - ANS-a stop codon.
\During the process of translation, a codon matches up with its complement, a(n) -
ANS-anticodon
\During the termination stage of translation a completed ______ is released. -
ANS-polypeptide
\During translation initiation, the small ribosomal subunit and initiator tRNA attach in the
vicinity of the _____. - ANS-start codon
\For a protein, gene expression requires __________ in the nucleus and _______ at the
ribosome to take place. - ANS-Blank 1: transcription
Blank 2: translation
\For genes that code for proteins, the mRNA sequence determines the sequence of
_______________ in a protein. - ANS-amino acids
\In the 1940s, scientists had concluded that the genetic material was most likely either
________ or _______ - ANS-Blank 1: DNA
Blank 2: protein
\Incorporating new nucleotides into DNA can provide it with the ability to code for a greater
number of - ANS-amino acids.
\Initiation occurs prior to elongation, both are part of the process of - ANS-translation
Gene
A biotechnology company named Synthorax has expanded the genetic alphabet by creating
two new forms of ________ called X and Y. - ANS-Blank 1: nucleotides or bases
\A codon is composed of _______ nucleotides. - ANS-3
\A completed polypeptide is released during the phase of translation called -
ANS-termination
\A three-nucleotide sequence, in mRNA, that codes for a particular amino acid is called a -
ANS-codon
\Adenine and guanine are nitrogen-containing bases called - ANS-Blank 1: purines
\An anticodon is the complement of the ______. - ANS-codon
\An opening in eukaryotic DNA, containing two forks at the site of replication is called a
replication ______. - ANS-bubble
\Based on your understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology, match the following
processes with the correct description. - ANS-transcription--DNA is used as a template to
produce RNA.
translation--RNA is used to produce protein.
replication--DNA is used as a template to produce duplicate molecules of DNA.
\DNA is composed of units called ________, each of which contains a phosphate group, a
5-carbon sugar, and one of 4 nitrogen-containing bases. - ANS-Blank 1: nucleotides or
nucleotide
\DNA nucleotides come in ___________ different varieties. - ANS-4
\During the 1940s, scientists considered what two molecules most likely to be genetic
material? - ANS-DNA
protein
\During the final stage of translation, a release factor binds to - ANS-a stop codon.
\During the process of translation, a codon matches up with its complement, a(n) -
ANS-anticodon
\During the termination stage of translation a completed ______ is released. -
ANS-polypeptide
\During translation initiation, the small ribosomal subunit and initiator tRNA attach in the
vicinity of the _____. - ANS-start codon
\For a protein, gene expression requires __________ in the nucleus and _______ at the
ribosome to take place. - ANS-Blank 1: transcription
Blank 2: translation
\For genes that code for proteins, the mRNA sequence determines the sequence of
_______________ in a protein. - ANS-amino acids
\In the 1940s, scientists had concluded that the genetic material was most likely either
________ or _______ - ANS-Blank 1: DNA
Blank 2: protein
\Incorporating new nucleotides into DNA can provide it with the ability to code for a greater
number of - ANS-amino acids.
\Initiation occurs prior to elongation, both are part of the process of - ANS-translation
