BIO 192 NAU Final exam test with accurate answers

Bio 192 NAU Final Exam Questions With
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Answers [Verified] d




Homeostasis - d d



maintenance of an internal state
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What 2 variables regulate homeostasis? -
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glucose levels, blood pressure
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What is Type 1 diabetes? -
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the body/beta cells does not PRODUCE insulin
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What is Type 2 diabetes? -
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the body does not RESPOND to insulin, a cure is exercise
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What are the 3 parts of a Negative Feedback Loop? -
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sensor, integrator, effector
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What is threshold - d d d d



the DIFFERENCE where the integrator decides the variation between the action
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value and the set point is too big
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What is error signal -
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the DEVIATION between the action value and the set point
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What are things that take us out of homeostasis? -
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exercise, injury, disease, etc.
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what changes set point -
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pregnancy, endurance exercise
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what is steady-state -
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constant over a period of time even as you exercise
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why does the body use the negative feedback loop -
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to get back to homeostasis when/after we work out/get stressed
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endocrine system consists of what - d d d d d d



hormones and glands, transported through the blood stream
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nervous system does what - d d d d d



transports messages through nerves
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, what is bioenergetics? -
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converting food into energy
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what are the types of energy -
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kinetic, potential, heat, work
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what is the 1st law of thermodynamics -
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all forms of energy are interchangeable
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what is the "biological currency" of the cell -
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ATP
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what is ATP broken down to -
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ADP and Pi
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what makes up a carbohydrate -
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carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
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how many calories is one carb -
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4 k/cal
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what is the storage form of carbs in animals -
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glycogen
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what is glycogenolysis -
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the break down of glycogen to have glucose in our blood
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what is the storage form of carbs in plants -
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starch
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what are fats made up of -
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hydrogen, carbon
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what are fats energy yield -
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9 k/cal
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types of fat - d d d d



fatty acid, triglycerides, phospholipids, steriods
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what is protein made up of -
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nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
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what are the 3 energy systems to replenish ATP -
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phosphagen, glycolytic, oxidative
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phosphagen system - d d d



occurs in the cytoplasm, anaerobic, immediate, used for high intensity lifting, 20-30
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seconds

glycolysis - d d




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