LD 12 - Controlled Substances Already Passed
Drugs - =any substances which can impair a person's ability to function normally. Psychoactive
means that a drug has specific effects on the brain.
Examples of drugs include:
- marijuana,
- toluene (often in model airplane glue),
- heroin,
- methamphetamines,
- cocaine.
Controlled substances - =any # of drugs or other substances which are strictly regulated because
of their potential for abuse or addiction. Substances are included in the H&S Code as Schedules
I-V. These include drugs classified as narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, &
cannabis. controlled substances include:
- stimulants (e.g., methamphetamines),
- hallucinogens (e.g., LSD),
- opiates (e.g., heroin),
- depressants (e.g., Xanax and Valium).
Narcotics - =opiates or synthetic opiates. Their major function is analgesic (pain suppressant).
Use may produce a sense of euphoria. narcotic drugs which have legitimate medical use are:
- Morphine,
- Methadone,
- Oxycontin,
- Vicodin.
Drug abuse - =the illegal use of a controlled substance. Possession or use of controlled
substances may be a crime. Addiction to drugs is a disease. drug abuse include:
- injecting heroin,
- sniffing cocaine,
,- smoking cocaine base/methamphetamine.
How drugs work - =by artificially introducing into the body chemicals that mimic the body's
natural hormones and neurotransmitters. They may mimic, block, speed up or slow down the
body's natural state; they interfere with the messages transmitted by the neurotransmitters.
Methods for taking drugs into the body - =- inhalation,
- injection,
- intranasal,
- transdermal (touching),
- Ingestion,
Central Nervous System (CNS) - =the system of nerves which make up the brain and spinal cord.
Polydrug use - =when two or more substances are used which result in an effect that each
substance could not reach on its own.
The effect of drugs on the body - =Introducing a drug into the body upsets the body's dynamic
chemical balance (the body's natural tendency to homeostasis). The body then alters its own
supply of natural chemicals to accommodate the drug now in the system. Drugs react with
oxygen and other chemicals in the body; they are broken down from complex substances into
simpler ones. Eventually they are eliminated from the body.
Stimulants - =drugs that increase activity and promote a sense of well- being. Effect on Body -
impairment by overstimulating the brain, accelerating the heart rate and respiration, and
elevating blood pressure. Examples:
- cocaine,
- amphetamines,
- methamphetamines.
Hallucinogens - =drugs that induce intense emotional feelings characterized by a magnification
of sensory & auditory perceptions & possible visual hallucinations @ relatively low doses.
, Effects: - impairs the user's ability to perceive reality & often produces a dazed appearance, -
increase body temperature. Examples: LSD, MDMA (Ecstasy),peyote (mescaline), psilocybin,
salvia divinorum.
Narcotic Analgesics - =category of drugs called narcotic analgesics which can be synthetic or
natural. Effects: - used to relieve pain & effect a comparatively weak general CNS depression
(sedation), - very addictive; can produce withdrawal symptoms when stopped after chronic
administration. Examples:
- opiates: Demerol, Methadone, Darvon.
- opioids: morphine, codeine, heroin.
- Vicodin,
- Percodan.
Cannabis - =dried leaves or buds of the marijuana plant. Effect: - can lead to the impairment of
the attention process,
- produces as its most prominent effect changes in appetite, and a floating sensation. Examples: -
marijuana,
- hashish/hash oil, - synthetic (Marinol).
Depressants - =a large number of different drugs, all of which are named for the most prominent
property of dampening CNS activity while carrying relatively weak analgesic effects. Alcohol is
a subcategory of depressants that affect the CNS; it is the most common depressant drug. Effects:
slows the operation of the brain & other parts of the CNS. Examples: tranquilizers, barbiturates,
anti-anxiety agents (e.g., Librium, Valium, Xanax, etc.), GHB, GBL, distilled spirits, beer, wine.
Inhalants - =substances inhaled through the lungs (lower respiratory system). Effects: impairs
performance by blocking the passage of oxygen to the brain, producing disorientation and slurred
speech, - most prominent psychological actions of these drugs at the usual doses are feelings of
excitement and confusion. Examples: solvents, aerosols, nitrates, anesthetics (nitrous oxide,
ether, chloroform).
Dissociative Anesthetics - =synthetic drug has many unpredictable effects. Effects: - changes in
sensory perceptions & visual hallucinations similar to those described for the hallucinogens.
Drugs - =any substances which can impair a person's ability to function normally. Psychoactive
means that a drug has specific effects on the brain.
Examples of drugs include:
- marijuana,
- toluene (often in model airplane glue),
- heroin,
- methamphetamines,
- cocaine.
Controlled substances - =any # of drugs or other substances which are strictly regulated because
of their potential for abuse or addiction. Substances are included in the H&S Code as Schedules
I-V. These include drugs classified as narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, &
cannabis. controlled substances include:
- stimulants (e.g., methamphetamines),
- hallucinogens (e.g., LSD),
- opiates (e.g., heroin),
- depressants (e.g., Xanax and Valium).
Narcotics - =opiates or synthetic opiates. Their major function is analgesic (pain suppressant).
Use may produce a sense of euphoria. narcotic drugs which have legitimate medical use are:
- Morphine,
- Methadone,
- Oxycontin,
- Vicodin.
Drug abuse - =the illegal use of a controlled substance. Possession or use of controlled
substances may be a crime. Addiction to drugs is a disease. drug abuse include:
- injecting heroin,
- sniffing cocaine,
,- smoking cocaine base/methamphetamine.
How drugs work - =by artificially introducing into the body chemicals that mimic the body's
natural hormones and neurotransmitters. They may mimic, block, speed up or slow down the
body's natural state; they interfere with the messages transmitted by the neurotransmitters.
Methods for taking drugs into the body - =- inhalation,
- injection,
- intranasal,
- transdermal (touching),
- Ingestion,
Central Nervous System (CNS) - =the system of nerves which make up the brain and spinal cord.
Polydrug use - =when two or more substances are used which result in an effect that each
substance could not reach on its own.
The effect of drugs on the body - =Introducing a drug into the body upsets the body's dynamic
chemical balance (the body's natural tendency to homeostasis). The body then alters its own
supply of natural chemicals to accommodate the drug now in the system. Drugs react with
oxygen and other chemicals in the body; they are broken down from complex substances into
simpler ones. Eventually they are eliminated from the body.
Stimulants - =drugs that increase activity and promote a sense of well- being. Effect on Body -
impairment by overstimulating the brain, accelerating the heart rate and respiration, and
elevating blood pressure. Examples:
- cocaine,
- amphetamines,
- methamphetamines.
Hallucinogens - =drugs that induce intense emotional feelings characterized by a magnification
of sensory & auditory perceptions & possible visual hallucinations @ relatively low doses.
, Effects: - impairs the user's ability to perceive reality & often produces a dazed appearance, -
increase body temperature. Examples: LSD, MDMA (Ecstasy),peyote (mescaline), psilocybin,
salvia divinorum.
Narcotic Analgesics - =category of drugs called narcotic analgesics which can be synthetic or
natural. Effects: - used to relieve pain & effect a comparatively weak general CNS depression
(sedation), - very addictive; can produce withdrawal symptoms when stopped after chronic
administration. Examples:
- opiates: Demerol, Methadone, Darvon.
- opioids: morphine, codeine, heroin.
- Vicodin,
- Percodan.
Cannabis - =dried leaves or buds of the marijuana plant. Effect: - can lead to the impairment of
the attention process,
- produces as its most prominent effect changes in appetite, and a floating sensation. Examples: -
marijuana,
- hashish/hash oil, - synthetic (Marinol).
Depressants - =a large number of different drugs, all of which are named for the most prominent
property of dampening CNS activity while carrying relatively weak analgesic effects. Alcohol is
a subcategory of depressants that affect the CNS; it is the most common depressant drug. Effects:
slows the operation of the brain & other parts of the CNS. Examples: tranquilizers, barbiturates,
anti-anxiety agents (e.g., Librium, Valium, Xanax, etc.), GHB, GBL, distilled spirits, beer, wine.
Inhalants - =substances inhaled through the lungs (lower respiratory system). Effects: impairs
performance by blocking the passage of oxygen to the brain, producing disorientation and slurred
speech, - most prominent psychological actions of these drugs at the usual doses are feelings of
excitement and confusion. Examples: solvents, aerosols, nitrates, anesthetics (nitrous oxide,
ether, chloroform).
Dissociative Anesthetics - =synthetic drug has many unpredictable effects. Effects: - changes in
sensory perceptions & visual hallucinations similar to those described for the hallucinogens.
