Bio 168 Exam Questions and Answers
100% Pass
integumentary system - ✔✔Skin, hair, glands and nails
Protection - ✔✔Mechanical trauma, pathogens, and environment
Sensation - ✔✔sensory receptors that detect changes in the internal and external
environment, allowing the body to maintain homeostasis when needed
Thermoregulation - ✔✔Maintenance of a stable internal body temperature through
negative feedback loops
Excretion - ✔✔Small amounts of waste products are eliminated from the body via sweat
Vitamin D synthesis - ✔✔Found in the cells of the deep epidermis, and begins the
transformation into vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation
Vitamin D - ✔✔required for the small intestine to absorb calcium ions from food, which
is important in nerve function, muscle contraction, and building and maintaining bone
tissue
100% Pass Guarantee Emilly Charlotte, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, Kerantinocytes - ✔✔95% of cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes.
manufacture keratin (fibrous protein that makes a tissue tougher)
linked by desmosomes
arranged in layers, or strata, in the epidermis
layers of the epidermis - ✔✔stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
stratum basale - ✔✔single layer of stem cells
closest to the blood supply in the dermis.
most metabolically active keratinocytes
stratum spinosum - ✔✔thickest stratum of the epidermis
also close to the blood supply, also metabolically active
helps produce vitamin D
Stratum granulosum - ✔✔releases a lipid-based substance via exocytosis that coasts the
cells, and create the hydrophobic propereties of the skin
100% Pass Guarantee Emilly Charlotte, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
100% Pass
integumentary system - ✔✔Skin, hair, glands and nails
Protection - ✔✔Mechanical trauma, pathogens, and environment
Sensation - ✔✔sensory receptors that detect changes in the internal and external
environment, allowing the body to maintain homeostasis when needed
Thermoregulation - ✔✔Maintenance of a stable internal body temperature through
negative feedback loops
Excretion - ✔✔Small amounts of waste products are eliminated from the body via sweat
Vitamin D synthesis - ✔✔Found in the cells of the deep epidermis, and begins the
transformation into vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation
Vitamin D - ✔✔required for the small intestine to absorb calcium ions from food, which
is important in nerve function, muscle contraction, and building and maintaining bone
tissue
100% Pass Guarantee Emilly Charlotte, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, Kerantinocytes - ✔✔95% of cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes.
manufacture keratin (fibrous protein that makes a tissue tougher)
linked by desmosomes
arranged in layers, or strata, in the epidermis
layers of the epidermis - ✔✔stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
stratum basale - ✔✔single layer of stem cells
closest to the blood supply in the dermis.
most metabolically active keratinocytes
stratum spinosum - ✔✔thickest stratum of the epidermis
also close to the blood supply, also metabolically active
helps produce vitamin D
Stratum granulosum - ✔✔releases a lipid-based substance via exocytosis that coasts the
cells, and create the hydrophobic propereties of the skin
100% Pass Guarantee Emilly Charlotte, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
