ATLS Pretest Exam 2025
Advanced Trauma Life Support / Latest GRADED A
1. A 22-year-old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left
shoulder. His blood pressure is initially 80/40 mm Hg. After initial fluid resuscitation his
blood pressure increases to 122/84 mm Hg. His heart rate is now 100 beats per minute
and his respiratory rate is 28 breaths per minute. A tube thoracostomy is performed for
decreased left chest breath sounds with the return of a small amount of blood and no
air leak. After chest tube insertion, the most appropriate next step is:
re-examine the chest
2. A construction worker falls two stories from a building and sustains bilateral calcaneal
fractures. In the emergency department, he is alert, vital signs are normal, and he is
complaining of severe pain in both heels and his lower back. Lower extremity pulses
are strong and there is no other deformity. The suspected diagnosis is most likely to
be confirmed by: complete spine x-ray series
3. Which of the following is true regarding the initial resuscitation of a trauma patient?
Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could include improvement in
Glasgow Coma Scale score on reevaluation.
4. In managing a patient with a severe traumatic brain injury, the most important initial
step is to: secure the airway
5. A previously healthy, 70-kg (154-pound) man suffers an estimated acute blood loss of 2
liters. Which one of the following statements applies to this patient?
An ABG would demonstrate a base deficit between -6 and -10 mEq/L.
6. The physiological hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in the
management of the severely injured, gravid woman by:
increasing the volume of blood loss to produce maternal hypotension
7. The best assessment of fluid resuscitation of the adult burn patient is:
urinary output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr
1/6
, 8. The diagnosis of shock must include: evidence of inadequate organ perfusion
9. A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents several
minutes after he fell through a window. He is bleeding profusely from a 6-cm wound of
his medial right thigh. Immediate management of the wound should consist of:
direct pressure on the wound
10. For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia should be
avoided to prevent: cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion
11. After being involved in a motor vehicle crash, a 25-year-old man is brought to a
hospital that has surgery capabilities available. Computed tomography of the chest
and abdomen shows an aortic injury and splenic laceration with free abdominal fluid.
His blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg after CT. The next step is:
perform an exploratory laparotomy
12. Which one of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma in the pregnant
patient is TRUE? Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital admission.
13. The first maneuver to improve oxygenation after chest injury is:
administer supplemental oxygen
14. A 25-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicular crash, is admitted to the emergency
department. His pupils react sluggishly and his eyes open to pressure. He does not
follow commands, but he does moan periodically. His right arm is deformed and does
not respond to pressure; however, his left hand reaches purposefully toward the
stimulus. Both legs are stiffly extended.
His GCS score is: 9
15. A 20-year-old woman who is at 32 weeks gestation, is stabbed in the upper right chest.
In the emergency department, her blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg. She is gasping for
breath, extremely anxious, and yelling for help. Breath sounds are diminished in the
right chest. The most appropriate first step is to:
perform needle or finger decompression of the right chest
16. Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require immediate
management during the primary survey? respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute
17. The most important, immediate step in the management of an open pneumothorax is:
placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound
2/6
Advanced Trauma Life Support / Latest GRADED A
1. A 22-year-old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left
shoulder. His blood pressure is initially 80/40 mm Hg. After initial fluid resuscitation his
blood pressure increases to 122/84 mm Hg. His heart rate is now 100 beats per minute
and his respiratory rate is 28 breaths per minute. A tube thoracostomy is performed for
decreased left chest breath sounds with the return of a small amount of blood and no
air leak. After chest tube insertion, the most appropriate next step is:
re-examine the chest
2. A construction worker falls two stories from a building and sustains bilateral calcaneal
fractures. In the emergency department, he is alert, vital signs are normal, and he is
complaining of severe pain in both heels and his lower back. Lower extremity pulses
are strong and there is no other deformity. The suspected diagnosis is most likely to
be confirmed by: complete spine x-ray series
3. Which of the following is true regarding the initial resuscitation of a trauma patient?
Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could include improvement in
Glasgow Coma Scale score on reevaluation.
4. In managing a patient with a severe traumatic brain injury, the most important initial
step is to: secure the airway
5. A previously healthy, 70-kg (154-pound) man suffers an estimated acute blood loss of 2
liters. Which one of the following statements applies to this patient?
An ABG would demonstrate a base deficit between -6 and -10 mEq/L.
6. The physiological hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in the
management of the severely injured, gravid woman by:
increasing the volume of blood loss to produce maternal hypotension
7. The best assessment of fluid resuscitation of the adult burn patient is:
urinary output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr
1/6
, 8. The diagnosis of shock must include: evidence of inadequate organ perfusion
9. A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents several
minutes after he fell through a window. He is bleeding profusely from a 6-cm wound of
his medial right thigh. Immediate management of the wound should consist of:
direct pressure on the wound
10. For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia should be
avoided to prevent: cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion
11. After being involved in a motor vehicle crash, a 25-year-old man is brought to a
hospital that has surgery capabilities available. Computed tomography of the chest
and abdomen shows an aortic injury and splenic laceration with free abdominal fluid.
His blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg after CT. The next step is:
perform an exploratory laparotomy
12. Which one of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma in the pregnant
patient is TRUE? Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital admission.
13. The first maneuver to improve oxygenation after chest injury is:
administer supplemental oxygen
14. A 25-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicular crash, is admitted to the emergency
department. His pupils react sluggishly and his eyes open to pressure. He does not
follow commands, but he does moan periodically. His right arm is deformed and does
not respond to pressure; however, his left hand reaches purposefully toward the
stimulus. Both legs are stiffly extended.
His GCS score is: 9
15. A 20-year-old woman who is at 32 weeks gestation, is stabbed in the upper right chest.
In the emergency department, her blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg. She is gasping for
breath, extremely anxious, and yelling for help. Breath sounds are diminished in the
right chest. The most appropriate first step is to:
perform needle or finger decompression of the right chest
16. Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require immediate
management during the primary survey? respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute
17. The most important, immediate step in the management of an open pneumothorax is:
placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound
2/6
