POS Final Exam 8 Questions and Answers..docx

POS Final Exam 8 Questions and Answers.

public policy - ANS >> Choice that government makes in response to a political issue. A policy is a
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mcourse of action taken with regard to some problem
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egalitarianism - ANS >> Trend of thought that favors equality for all people
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government - ANS >> The institutions and processes through which public policies are made for a
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msociety

political culture - ANS >> An overall set of value widely shared within a society
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Articles of Confederation - ANS >> It was the first document to govern the United States, ratified
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min 1781. It created a confederation among the 13 states and former colonies. Congress had few
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mpowers; there was no president or national court system. All government power rested in the
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mstates.

US Constitution - ANS >> The document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets forth the
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institutional structure of US government and the tasks these institutions perform. It replaced the
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Articles of Confederation.
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consent of the governed - ANS >> The idea that government derives its authority by sanction of
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mthe people
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Madison's source of factions - ANS >> Madison feared factions of the majority and the minority
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because either could take control of the government and use it to their own advantage
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cooperative federalism - ANS >> A system of government in which powers and policy assignments
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mare shared between states and the national government.
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dual federalism - ANS >> A system of government in which both the states and the national
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mgovernment remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.
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fiscal federalism - ANS >> The pattern of spending, taxing,and providing grants in the federal
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msystem; it is the cornerstone of the national government's relations with state and local
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mgovernments

enumerated powers - ANS >> Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in
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mthe Constitution, including, for Congress, the powers in Article I, Section 8, for example, to coin
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mmoney, regulate its value, and impose taxes.
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First Amendment - ANS >> Freedom of speech, press, and assembly. Freedom to petition
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mgovernment. No government establishment of religion. Freedom to exercise religion.
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, Second Amendment - ANS >> Right to bear arms.
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Third Amendment - ANS >> No forced quartering of troops in homes during peacetime.
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Fourth Amendment - ANS >> No unreasonable searches and seizures.
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Fifth Amendment - ANS >> Grand jury indictment required for prosecution of serious crime. No
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msecond prosecution for the same offense. No compulsion to testify against oneself.
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Sixth Amendment - ANS >> No loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
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Seventh Amendment - ANS >> Right to jury trial in civil suit where the value of controversy
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mexceeds $20. m




Eight Amendment - ANS >> No excessive bail or fines. No cruel and unusual punishments.
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Ninth Amendment - ANS >> Unlisted rights are not necessarily denied.
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Tenth Amendment - ANS >> Powers not delegated to the national government or denied to the
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mstates are reserved for the states or the people.
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civil liberties - ANS >> The legal constitutional protections against government. Although are civil
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mliberties are formally set down in the Bill of Rights, the courts, police, and legislature define their
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mmeaning.

civil rights - ANS >> Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory
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mtreatment by government officials or individuals.
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exclusionary rule - ANS >> The rule that evidence cannot be introduced into a trial if it was not
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mconstitutionally obtained. The rule prohibits use of evidence obtained through unreasonable search
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mand seizure.
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suffrage - ANS >> The legal right to vote, extended to African Americans by the Fifteenth
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mAmendment, to women by the Nineteenth Amendment, and to people over the age of 18 by the
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mTwenty-sixth Amendment m




demographics - ANS >> White 66% m m m m m




Hispanics 15% m




African Americans 13%
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Asian Americans 5%
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Native Americans 1%
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 - ANS >> A law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to
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mAfrican American suffrage. Prohibited any government from using voting procedures that denied a
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