NREMT EMT Certification Reviewed Questions with
complete Answers 2024/2025
Distraction - correct answer disk injury where spine is excessively pulled; occurs in
hanging
Dermatome - correct answer A circumscribed skin area that is supplied mainly from
one spinal cord segment through a particular spinal nerve
S/S of spinal injury - correct answer impaired breathing, deformity, priapism, loss of
bowel/bladder control, neurogenic shock
Vest-style extrication device - correct answer flexible equipment to immobilize pt
w/possible spinal injury
Sequence for immobilizing c-spine of seated pt - correct answer secure torso first and
head last
Perfusion - correct answer adequate circulation of blood throughout body, fills
capillaries and supplies cells and tissues with oxygen and nutrients
Hemorrhage - correct answer severe bleeding; major cause of shock in trauma
Arterial bleeding - correct answer bright red blood, rapid, profuse, difficult to control
Venous bleeding - correct answer dark red/maroon blood, steady, easy-to-control flow
Capillary bleeding - correct answer slow, oozing blood flow; eary-to control
Signs of shock (in order) - correct answer 1. AMS 2. Pale/cool/clammy skin 3.
Nausea/vomitting 4. Vital sign changes 5. Thirst, dilated pupils and cyanosis
, How do vital signs change during shock? - correct answer Pulse increases to pump
more blood, thus becoming weak and irregular, shallow and labored respirations, blood
pressure drops, narrowing of the pulse
Major methods of controlling external bleeding - correct answer direct pressure,
elebaion, hemostatic agent, tourniquet
The most common and effective way to control external bleeding - correct answer
direct pressure
What do you do when a pt has bleeding or CSF from the ears or nose?D ( - correct
answer allow liquid to ooze, collecting it in gauze pad (stopping fluid loss could increase
pressure in skull
What should a pt with epistaxis do? - correct answer nosebleed; sit down, lean
forward, apply direct pressure
Leading cause of internal bleeding - correct answer blunt trauma (falls, mcis, auto-ped.
Collisions, blast injuries)
3 categories of shock - correct answer 1.compensated (body still able to maintain
perfusion) 2.decompensated (body no longer compensates for low blood volume)
3.Irreversible (cells die, irrepairable organs)
Hypovolemic shock - correct answer shock resulting from fluid loss (if
blood=hemorrhagic), crush injuries or burns (plasma lost), and severe dehydration
Cardiogenic shock - correct answer shock brought on by inadequate pumping of the
heart; often the result of MI or CHF
Neurogenic shock - correct answer nerve paralysis causing dilation of blood vessels,
drop in BP and inadequate blood volume in the circulatory system
complete Answers 2024/2025
Distraction - correct answer disk injury where spine is excessively pulled; occurs in
hanging
Dermatome - correct answer A circumscribed skin area that is supplied mainly from
one spinal cord segment through a particular spinal nerve
S/S of spinal injury - correct answer impaired breathing, deformity, priapism, loss of
bowel/bladder control, neurogenic shock
Vest-style extrication device - correct answer flexible equipment to immobilize pt
w/possible spinal injury
Sequence for immobilizing c-spine of seated pt - correct answer secure torso first and
head last
Perfusion - correct answer adequate circulation of blood throughout body, fills
capillaries and supplies cells and tissues with oxygen and nutrients
Hemorrhage - correct answer severe bleeding; major cause of shock in trauma
Arterial bleeding - correct answer bright red blood, rapid, profuse, difficult to control
Venous bleeding - correct answer dark red/maroon blood, steady, easy-to-control flow
Capillary bleeding - correct answer slow, oozing blood flow; eary-to control
Signs of shock (in order) - correct answer 1. AMS 2. Pale/cool/clammy skin 3.
Nausea/vomitting 4. Vital sign changes 5. Thirst, dilated pupils and cyanosis
, How do vital signs change during shock? - correct answer Pulse increases to pump
more blood, thus becoming weak and irregular, shallow and labored respirations, blood
pressure drops, narrowing of the pulse
Major methods of controlling external bleeding - correct answer direct pressure,
elebaion, hemostatic agent, tourniquet
The most common and effective way to control external bleeding - correct answer
direct pressure
What do you do when a pt has bleeding or CSF from the ears or nose?D ( - correct
answer allow liquid to ooze, collecting it in gauze pad (stopping fluid loss could increase
pressure in skull
What should a pt with epistaxis do? - correct answer nosebleed; sit down, lean
forward, apply direct pressure
Leading cause of internal bleeding - correct answer blunt trauma (falls, mcis, auto-ped.
Collisions, blast injuries)
3 categories of shock - correct answer 1.compensated (body still able to maintain
perfusion) 2.decompensated (body no longer compensates for low blood volume)
3.Irreversible (cells die, irrepairable organs)
Hypovolemic shock - correct answer shock resulting from fluid loss (if
blood=hemorrhagic), crush injuries or burns (plasma lost), and severe dehydration
Cardiogenic shock - correct answer shock brought on by inadequate pumping of the
heart; often the result of MI or CHF
Neurogenic shock - correct answer nerve paralysis causing dilation of blood vessels,
drop in BP and inadequate blood volume in the circulatory system
