AP CSP Semester 1 Final questions well
answered to pass
What is the Internet? - correct answer ✔✔a tangible, physical system that was made to move
information; fully distributed; made up of independently operated networks; no central control;
internetworking protocol; open, public, shared, plain text
What type of information does the Internet ship? - correct answer ✔✔bits
What is a bit? - correct answer ✔✔a binary pair of opposites (on/off, yes/no, 1/0)
How are bits organized? - correct answer ✔✔8 bits = 1 byte
1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte
1000 kilobytes = 1 megabyte
How do we send bits? - correct answer ✔✔electricity
light
radio waves
bandwidth - correct answer ✔✔the maximum transmission capacity of a device; measured by bitrate
bitrate - correct answer ✔✔the number of bits per second a system can transmit
latency - correct answer ✔✔the amount of time it takes for one bit to travel from sender to receiver
electricity mode - correct answer ✔✔sending through a wire (e.g. Ethernet cable); cheap but signal lost
light mode - correct answer ✔✔fast, no signal loss (e.g. fiber optic cables that reflect light); expensive
and hard to work with
, radio wave mode - correct answer ✔✔wireless; translate 1s and 0s into radio waves and back into 1s and
0s; signal loss
Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn - correct answer ✔✔Internet founders (early 1970s)
ARPANET - correct answer ✔✔Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (department of defense
experiment); first Internet
Paul Baran - correct answer ✔✔computer network pioneer; department of defense; came up with the
distributed packet-switched network
ISP - correct answer ✔✔Internet Service Provider (AT&T, Verizon, Time Warner) that connects you to
other devices
protocol - correct answer ✔✔a well-known set of rules and standards used to communicate between
machines
IP address - correct answer ✔✔Internet Protocol; a number unique to each computer or device at the
edge of the network; 4 numbers each from 0 to 225, 8 bits per number, 32 bits total
IPv4 - correct answer ✔✔4 billion unique addresses; earliest IP system
IPv6 - correct answer ✔✔128 bits per address; 340 undecillion unique addresses
DNS - correct answer ✔✔Domain Name System; associates names (www.example.com) with
corresponding IP addresses; connected in a distributed hierarchy; open public communication protocol
NAT - correct answer ✔✔Network Address Translation; conserves IP addresses
buffer - correct answer ✔✔memory which stores packets temporarily
answered to pass
What is the Internet? - correct answer ✔✔a tangible, physical system that was made to move
information; fully distributed; made up of independently operated networks; no central control;
internetworking protocol; open, public, shared, plain text
What type of information does the Internet ship? - correct answer ✔✔bits
What is a bit? - correct answer ✔✔a binary pair of opposites (on/off, yes/no, 1/0)
How are bits organized? - correct answer ✔✔8 bits = 1 byte
1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte
1000 kilobytes = 1 megabyte
How do we send bits? - correct answer ✔✔electricity
light
radio waves
bandwidth - correct answer ✔✔the maximum transmission capacity of a device; measured by bitrate
bitrate - correct answer ✔✔the number of bits per second a system can transmit
latency - correct answer ✔✔the amount of time it takes for one bit to travel from sender to receiver
electricity mode - correct answer ✔✔sending through a wire (e.g. Ethernet cable); cheap but signal lost
light mode - correct answer ✔✔fast, no signal loss (e.g. fiber optic cables that reflect light); expensive
and hard to work with
, radio wave mode - correct answer ✔✔wireless; translate 1s and 0s into radio waves and back into 1s and
0s; signal loss
Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn - correct answer ✔✔Internet founders (early 1970s)
ARPANET - correct answer ✔✔Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (department of defense
experiment); first Internet
Paul Baran - correct answer ✔✔computer network pioneer; department of defense; came up with the
distributed packet-switched network
ISP - correct answer ✔✔Internet Service Provider (AT&T, Verizon, Time Warner) that connects you to
other devices
protocol - correct answer ✔✔a well-known set of rules and standards used to communicate between
machines
IP address - correct answer ✔✔Internet Protocol; a number unique to each computer or device at the
edge of the network; 4 numbers each from 0 to 225, 8 bits per number, 32 bits total
IPv4 - correct answer ✔✔4 billion unique addresses; earliest IP system
IPv6 - correct answer ✔✔128 bits per address; 340 undecillion unique addresses
DNS - correct answer ✔✔Domain Name System; associates names (www.example.com) with
corresponding IP addresses; connected in a distributed hierarchy; open public communication protocol
NAT - correct answer ✔✔Network Address Translation; conserves IP addresses
buffer - correct answer ✔✔memory which stores packets temporarily
