Nursing 2050-Labor & Delivery Exam 1 Questions With
Complete Solutions
7 Cardinal movements of Labor Correct Answers 1.
Engagement - fetal presenting part as its widest diameter reaches
the level of the ischial spine of the pelvis
2. Descent - movement of the bi-parietal diameter of the fetal
head downwards until it reaches the pelvic inlet.
3. Flexion - Fetal head reaches the pelvic floor; head bends
forward onto chest, presenting the smallest anteroposterior
diameter.
4. Internal Rotation - fetus enters pelvic inlet to the maternal
pelvis, allows longest fetal head to match the longest maternal
pelvic diameter.
5. Extension - Internal rotation is complete, fetal head passes
beneath the synthesis pubis while in flexion.
6. External Rotation - allow the shoulders to rotate internally to
fit the pelvis.
7. Expulsion - occurs first as the anterior, then the posterior
shoulder passes under the symphysis pubis.
APGAR Correct Answers Immediate assessment of newborn
1 minute after birth- 5 minutes later
Heart Rate
0= absent
,1= slow under 100
2= normal above 100
Respiratory
0= absent
1=slow weak cry
2= good cry
Muscle Tone
0=flaccid
1= some flexion
2= well flexed
Reflex irritability
0=no response
1=grimace
2=cry
Color
0=blue, pale
1=body pink extremities blue
2=completely pink
Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate FHR Accelerations Correct Answers
Accelerations - Reassuring
FHR- increases 15 BPM above 160 and lasts 15 SECONDS
Causes=fetal movement, vaginal examinations, uterine
contractions, umbilical vein compression, fetal scalp stimulation
or even external acoustic stimulation.
, Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate FHR Decelerations Correct Answers
Decelerations- Mirror Uterine Contractions
A. Early Decelerations= Good! should mirror contractions
B. Late Decelerations= BAD! not mirroring contractions fetal
heart rate continues to decrease when contraction is over
C. Variable -
FHR decreases 15 BPM below 110 and lasts 15 SECONDS
Causes= Cord Compression between 1st and 2nd stage
Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate FHR Prolonged Decelerations Correct
Answers Prolonged Decelerations- Gradual or Abrupt
FHR 15 BPM below 110 lasting 2 minutes but less than 10
Causes= Disruption in O2 supply - reflex response to Hypoxia-
Cord compression
Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate Patterns Correct Answers FHR Patterns
1. Baseline= 110-160BPM
2. Variability=beat to beat activity
a. Absent- undetectable
b. Minimal- less then 5 BPM
c. Moderate- 6-25 BPM
d. Marked- more than 25 BPM
3. Tachycardia
4. Bradycardia
Assessment of Labor
Uterus Correct Answers Uterus Assessment=
Subjective Description, Palpation, Timing
Complete Solutions
7 Cardinal movements of Labor Correct Answers 1.
Engagement - fetal presenting part as its widest diameter reaches
the level of the ischial spine of the pelvis
2. Descent - movement of the bi-parietal diameter of the fetal
head downwards until it reaches the pelvic inlet.
3. Flexion - Fetal head reaches the pelvic floor; head bends
forward onto chest, presenting the smallest anteroposterior
diameter.
4. Internal Rotation - fetus enters pelvic inlet to the maternal
pelvis, allows longest fetal head to match the longest maternal
pelvic diameter.
5. Extension - Internal rotation is complete, fetal head passes
beneath the synthesis pubis while in flexion.
6. External Rotation - allow the shoulders to rotate internally to
fit the pelvis.
7. Expulsion - occurs first as the anterior, then the posterior
shoulder passes under the symphysis pubis.
APGAR Correct Answers Immediate assessment of newborn
1 minute after birth- 5 minutes later
Heart Rate
0= absent
,1= slow under 100
2= normal above 100
Respiratory
0= absent
1=slow weak cry
2= good cry
Muscle Tone
0=flaccid
1= some flexion
2= well flexed
Reflex irritability
0=no response
1=grimace
2=cry
Color
0=blue, pale
1=body pink extremities blue
2=completely pink
Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate FHR Accelerations Correct Answers
Accelerations - Reassuring
FHR- increases 15 BPM above 160 and lasts 15 SECONDS
Causes=fetal movement, vaginal examinations, uterine
contractions, umbilical vein compression, fetal scalp stimulation
or even external acoustic stimulation.
, Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate FHR Decelerations Correct Answers
Decelerations- Mirror Uterine Contractions
A. Early Decelerations= Good! should mirror contractions
B. Late Decelerations= BAD! not mirroring contractions fetal
heart rate continues to decrease when contraction is over
C. Variable -
FHR decreases 15 BPM below 110 and lasts 15 SECONDS
Causes= Cord Compression between 1st and 2nd stage
Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate FHR Prolonged Decelerations Correct
Answers Prolonged Decelerations- Gradual or Abrupt
FHR 15 BPM below 110 lasting 2 minutes but less than 10
Causes= Disruption in O2 supply - reflex response to Hypoxia-
Cord compression
Assessment of Labor
Fetal Heart Rate Patterns Correct Answers FHR Patterns
1. Baseline= 110-160BPM
2. Variability=beat to beat activity
a. Absent- undetectable
b. Minimal- less then 5 BPM
c. Moderate- 6-25 BPM
d. Marked- more than 25 BPM
3. Tachycardia
4. Bradycardia
Assessment of Labor
Uterus Correct Answers Uterus Assessment=
Subjective Description, Palpation, Timing
