R
TEST BANK
A Concise Introduction to Logic
14th Edition by Hurley Chapter 1 to 14
TEST BANK
,R
TABLE OF CONTENTS R R R
Part I: INFORMAL LOGIC.
R R R
1. Basic Concepts.
R R
Arguments,RPremises,RandRConclusions.RExercise.RRecognizingRArguments.RExercise.RDeductionRandRInduction.RExercise.RValidity,RTruth,RSoundne
Strength,RCogency.RExercise.RArgumentRForms:RProvingRInvalidity.RExercise.RExtendedRArguments.RExercise.
2. Language: Meaning and Definition.
R R R R
VarietiesRofRMeaning.RExercise.RTheRIntensionRandRExtensionRofRTerms.RExercise.RDefinitionsRandRTheirRPurposes.RExercise.RDefinitionalRTechniqu
Exercise.RCriteriaRforRLexicalRDefinitions.RExercise.
3. Informal Fallacies.
R R
FallaciesRinRGeneral.RExercise.RFallaciesRofRRelevance.RExercise.RFallaciesRofRWeakRInduction.RExercise.RFallaciesRofRPresumption,RAmbiguity,Ra
IllicitRTransference.RExercise.RFallaciesRinROrdinaryRLanguage.RExercise.
Part II: FORMAL LOGIC.
R R R
4. Categorical Propositions.
R R
TheRComponentsRofRCategoricalRPropositions.RExercise.RQuality,RQuantity,RandRDistribution.RExercise.RVennRDiagramsRandRtheRModernRSquare
ROpposition.RExercise.RConversion,RObversion,RandRContraposition.RExercise.RTheRTraditionalRSquareRofROpposition.RExercise.RVennRDiagramsR
dRtheRTraditionalRStandpoint.RExercise.RTranslatingROrdinaryRLanguageRStatementsRintoRCategoricalRForm.RExercise.
5. Categorical Syllogisms.
R R
StandardRForm,RMood,RandRFigure.RExercise.RVennRDiagrams.RExercise.RRulesRandRFallacies.RExercise.RReducingRtheRNumberRofRTerms.RExercise
rdinaryRLanguageRArguments.RExercise.REnthymemes.RExercise.RSorites.RExercise.
6. Propositional Logic.
R R
SymbolsRandRTranslation.RExercise.RTruthRFunctions.RExercise.RTruthRTablesRforRPropositions.RExercise.RTruthRTablesRforRArguments.RExercise.RIndir
RTruthRTables.RExercise.RArgumentRFormsRandRFallacies.RExercise.
7. Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic.
R R R R R
RulesRofRImplicationRI.RExercise.RRulesRofRImplicationRII.RExercise.RRulesRofRReplacementRI.RExercise.RRulesRofRReplacementRII.RExercise.RConditiona
roof.RExercise.RIndirectRProof.RExercise.RProvingRLogicalRTruths.RExercise.
8. Predicate Logic.
R R
SymbolsRandRTranslation.RExercise.RUsingRtheRRulesRofRInference.RExercise.RQuantifierRNegationRRule.RExercise.RConditionalRandRIndirectRProof.
ercise.RProvingRInvalidity.RExercise.RRelationalRPredicatesRandROverlappingRQuantifiers.RExercise.RIdentity.RExercise.
Part III: INDUCTIVE LOGIC.
R R R
9. Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning.
R R R R R R
AnalogicalRReasoning.RLegalRReasoning.RMoralRReasoning.RExercise.
10. Causality and Mill's Methods.
R R R R
,"Cause"RandRNecessaryRandRSufficientRConditions.RMill'sRFiveRMethods.RMill'sRMethodsRandRScience.RExercise.
11. Probability.
R
TheoriesRofRProbability.RTheRProbabilityRCalculus.RExercise.
12. Statistical Reasoning.
R R
EvaluatingRStatistics.RSamples.RTheRMeaningRofR"Average."RDispersion.RGraphsRandRPictograms.RPercentages.RExercise.
13. Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning.
R R
TheRHypotheticalRMethod.RHypotheticalRReasoning:RFourRExamplesRfromRScience.RTheRProofRofRHypotheses.RTheRTentativeRAcceptanceRofRHyp
eses.RExercise.
14. Science and Superstition.
R R R
DistinguishingRBetweenRScienceRandRSuperstition.REvidentiaryRSupport.RObjectivity.RIntegrity.RAbusingRScience.RExercise.
AnswersRtoRSelectedRExercises.
, Chapter 1 Test A
R R R
MULTIPLERCHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:RTheRfollowingRselectionsRrelateRtoRdistinguishingRargumentsRfromRnonarguments
andRidentifyingRconclusions.RSelectRtheRbestRanswerRforReach.
1.R ThereRappearsRtoRbeRaRgrowingRhappinessRgapRbetweenRmenRandRwomen.RWomenRtodayRareRworking
moreRandRrelaxingRless,RwhileRmenRareRworkingRlessRandRrelaxingRmore.RFortyRyearsRagoRaRtypical
womanRspentR40RminutesRmoreRperRweekRthanRtheRtypicalRmanRperformingRanRactivityRconsidered
unpleasant.RToday,RwithRmenRworkingRless,RtheRgapRisR90RminutesRandRgrowing.
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RTodayR...RtheRgapRisR90RminutesRandRgrowing.
b.R Nonargument.
c.R Argument;Rconclusion:RFortyRyearsRagoR...RanRactivityRconsideredRunpleasant.
d.R Argument;Rconclusion:RThereRappearsRtoRbeR...RbetweenRmenRandRwomen.
e.R Argument;Rconclusion:RWomenRtodayRareRworkingRmoreRandRrelaxingRless.
ANS:R D PTS:R 2
2.R LeadRisRtoxic,RbutRdoRyouRknowRwhy?RLeadRisRtoxicRmainlyRbecauseRitRpreferentiallyRreplacesRother
metalsRinRbiochemicalRreactions.RInRsoRdoingRitRinterferesRwithRtheRproteinsRthatRregulateRbloodRpressure
(whichRcanRcauseRdevelopmentRdelaysRinRchildrenRandRhighRbloodRpressureRinRadults),RhemeRproduction
(whichRcanRleadRtoRanemia),RandRspermRproduction.RLeadRalsoRdisplacesRcalciumRinRtheRreactionsRthat
transmitRelectricalRimpulsesRinRtheRbrain,RwhichRdiminishesRtheRabilityRtoRthinkRandRrecallRinformation.
AnneRMarieRHelmstine,R"YourRGuideRtoRChemistry"
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RItRinterferesRwithRtheRproteinsR...RandRspermRproduction.
b.R Argument;Rconclusion:RLeadRisRtoxic.
c.R Nonargument.
d.R Argument;Rconclusion:RItRpreferentiallyRreplacesRotherRmetalsRinRbiochemicalRreactions.
e.R Argument;Rconclusion:RLeadRalsoRdisplacesRcalciumR...RrecallRinformation.
ANS:R C PTS:R 2
3.R AristotleRfocusedRonRclarifyingRtheRconceptRofRvirtueRitself.RHeRarguedRthatRitRwasRvirtuousRtoRchooseRthe
properRamountRofRemotionRand/orRactionRcalledRforRinRaRparticularRsituationRandRthatRextremesRof
emotionRandRactionRwereRvices.RInRallRcommunitiesRthereRareRsomeRmenRofRpracticalRwisdomRwhoRhave
theRcapacityRtoRjudgeRwisely.RAristotleRarguedRthatRtheyRhaveRtheRcapacityRtoRfollowRtheR"rightRrule"
whateverRtheRsituation.
DavidRCooper,RValueRPluralismRandREthicalRChoice
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RInRallRcommunitiesR...RcapacityRtoRjudgeRwisely.
b.R Argument;Rconclusion:RAristotleRfocusedRonRclarifyingRtheRconceptRofRvirtueRitself.
c.R Argument;Rconclusion:RTheyRhaveRtheRcapacityRtoRfollowR...RtheRsituation.
d.R Argument;Rconclusion:RHeRarguedRthatRitRwasRvirtuousR...RwereRvices
e.R Nonargument.
ANS:R E PTS:R 2
4.R IllegalRimmigrantsRpayRlocalRsalesRtaxes,RandRmanyRofRthemRalsoRpayRstate,Rlocal,RandRfederalRincomeRtax
andRSocialRSecurityRtax.RTheyRalsoRpurchaseRitemsRfromRlocalRmerchants,RincreasingRtheRamountRthese
merchantsRpayRinRtaxes.RInRaddition,RtheyRworkRforRlowRsalaries,RwhichRincreasesRtheRearningsRofRtheir
employersRandRtheRamountRofRtaxesRtheseRemployersRpay.RThus,RitRisRnotRcorrectRtoRsayRthatRillegal
immigrantsRcontributeRnothingRtoRtheRcommunitiesRinRwhichRtheyRlive.
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RItRisRnotRcorrectRtoRsayR...RcommunitiesRinRwhichRtheyRlive.
1
TEST BANK
A Concise Introduction to Logic
14th Edition by Hurley Chapter 1 to 14
TEST BANK
,R
TABLE OF CONTENTS R R R
Part I: INFORMAL LOGIC.
R R R
1. Basic Concepts.
R R
Arguments,RPremises,RandRConclusions.RExercise.RRecognizingRArguments.RExercise.RDeductionRandRInduction.RExercise.RValidity,RTruth,RSoundne
Strength,RCogency.RExercise.RArgumentRForms:RProvingRInvalidity.RExercise.RExtendedRArguments.RExercise.
2. Language: Meaning and Definition.
R R R R
VarietiesRofRMeaning.RExercise.RTheRIntensionRandRExtensionRofRTerms.RExercise.RDefinitionsRandRTheirRPurposes.RExercise.RDefinitionalRTechniqu
Exercise.RCriteriaRforRLexicalRDefinitions.RExercise.
3. Informal Fallacies.
R R
FallaciesRinRGeneral.RExercise.RFallaciesRofRRelevance.RExercise.RFallaciesRofRWeakRInduction.RExercise.RFallaciesRofRPresumption,RAmbiguity,Ra
IllicitRTransference.RExercise.RFallaciesRinROrdinaryRLanguage.RExercise.
Part II: FORMAL LOGIC.
R R R
4. Categorical Propositions.
R R
TheRComponentsRofRCategoricalRPropositions.RExercise.RQuality,RQuantity,RandRDistribution.RExercise.RVennRDiagramsRandRtheRModernRSquare
ROpposition.RExercise.RConversion,RObversion,RandRContraposition.RExercise.RTheRTraditionalRSquareRofROpposition.RExercise.RVennRDiagramsR
dRtheRTraditionalRStandpoint.RExercise.RTranslatingROrdinaryRLanguageRStatementsRintoRCategoricalRForm.RExercise.
5. Categorical Syllogisms.
R R
StandardRForm,RMood,RandRFigure.RExercise.RVennRDiagrams.RExercise.RRulesRandRFallacies.RExercise.RReducingRtheRNumberRofRTerms.RExercise
rdinaryRLanguageRArguments.RExercise.REnthymemes.RExercise.RSorites.RExercise.
6. Propositional Logic.
R R
SymbolsRandRTranslation.RExercise.RTruthRFunctions.RExercise.RTruthRTablesRforRPropositions.RExercise.RTruthRTablesRforRArguments.RExercise.RIndir
RTruthRTables.RExercise.RArgumentRFormsRandRFallacies.RExercise.
7. Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic.
R R R R R
RulesRofRImplicationRI.RExercise.RRulesRofRImplicationRII.RExercise.RRulesRofRReplacementRI.RExercise.RRulesRofRReplacementRII.RExercise.RConditiona
roof.RExercise.RIndirectRProof.RExercise.RProvingRLogicalRTruths.RExercise.
8. Predicate Logic.
R R
SymbolsRandRTranslation.RExercise.RUsingRtheRRulesRofRInference.RExercise.RQuantifierRNegationRRule.RExercise.RConditionalRandRIndirectRProof.
ercise.RProvingRInvalidity.RExercise.RRelationalRPredicatesRandROverlappingRQuantifiers.RExercise.RIdentity.RExercise.
Part III: INDUCTIVE LOGIC.
R R R
9. Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning.
R R R R R R
AnalogicalRReasoning.RLegalRReasoning.RMoralRReasoning.RExercise.
10. Causality and Mill's Methods.
R R R R
,"Cause"RandRNecessaryRandRSufficientRConditions.RMill'sRFiveRMethods.RMill'sRMethodsRandRScience.RExercise.
11. Probability.
R
TheoriesRofRProbability.RTheRProbabilityRCalculus.RExercise.
12. Statistical Reasoning.
R R
EvaluatingRStatistics.RSamples.RTheRMeaningRofR"Average."RDispersion.RGraphsRandRPictograms.RPercentages.RExercise.
13. Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning.
R R
TheRHypotheticalRMethod.RHypotheticalRReasoning:RFourRExamplesRfromRScience.RTheRProofRofRHypotheses.RTheRTentativeRAcceptanceRofRHyp
eses.RExercise.
14. Science and Superstition.
R R R
DistinguishingRBetweenRScienceRandRSuperstition.REvidentiaryRSupport.RObjectivity.RIntegrity.RAbusingRScience.RExercise.
AnswersRtoRSelectedRExercises.
, Chapter 1 Test A
R R R
MULTIPLERCHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:RTheRfollowingRselectionsRrelateRtoRdistinguishingRargumentsRfromRnonarguments
andRidentifyingRconclusions.RSelectRtheRbestRanswerRforReach.
1.R ThereRappearsRtoRbeRaRgrowingRhappinessRgapRbetweenRmenRandRwomen.RWomenRtodayRareRworking
moreRandRrelaxingRless,RwhileRmenRareRworkingRlessRandRrelaxingRmore.RFortyRyearsRagoRaRtypical
womanRspentR40RminutesRmoreRperRweekRthanRtheRtypicalRmanRperformingRanRactivityRconsidered
unpleasant.RToday,RwithRmenRworkingRless,RtheRgapRisR90RminutesRandRgrowing.
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RTodayR...RtheRgapRisR90RminutesRandRgrowing.
b.R Nonargument.
c.R Argument;Rconclusion:RFortyRyearsRagoR...RanRactivityRconsideredRunpleasant.
d.R Argument;Rconclusion:RThereRappearsRtoRbeR...RbetweenRmenRandRwomen.
e.R Argument;Rconclusion:RWomenRtodayRareRworkingRmoreRandRrelaxingRless.
ANS:R D PTS:R 2
2.R LeadRisRtoxic,RbutRdoRyouRknowRwhy?RLeadRisRtoxicRmainlyRbecauseRitRpreferentiallyRreplacesRother
metalsRinRbiochemicalRreactions.RInRsoRdoingRitRinterferesRwithRtheRproteinsRthatRregulateRbloodRpressure
(whichRcanRcauseRdevelopmentRdelaysRinRchildrenRandRhighRbloodRpressureRinRadults),RhemeRproduction
(whichRcanRleadRtoRanemia),RandRspermRproduction.RLeadRalsoRdisplacesRcalciumRinRtheRreactionsRthat
transmitRelectricalRimpulsesRinRtheRbrain,RwhichRdiminishesRtheRabilityRtoRthinkRandRrecallRinformation.
AnneRMarieRHelmstine,R"YourRGuideRtoRChemistry"
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RItRinterferesRwithRtheRproteinsR...RandRspermRproduction.
b.R Argument;Rconclusion:RLeadRisRtoxic.
c.R Nonargument.
d.R Argument;Rconclusion:RItRpreferentiallyRreplacesRotherRmetalsRinRbiochemicalRreactions.
e.R Argument;Rconclusion:RLeadRalsoRdisplacesRcalciumR...RrecallRinformation.
ANS:R C PTS:R 2
3.R AristotleRfocusedRonRclarifyingRtheRconceptRofRvirtueRitself.RHeRarguedRthatRitRwasRvirtuousRtoRchooseRthe
properRamountRofRemotionRand/orRactionRcalledRforRinRaRparticularRsituationRandRthatRextremesRof
emotionRandRactionRwereRvices.RInRallRcommunitiesRthereRareRsomeRmenRofRpracticalRwisdomRwhoRhave
theRcapacityRtoRjudgeRwisely.RAristotleRarguedRthatRtheyRhaveRtheRcapacityRtoRfollowRtheR"rightRrule"
whateverRtheRsituation.
DavidRCooper,RValueRPluralismRandREthicalRChoice
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RInRallRcommunitiesR...RcapacityRtoRjudgeRwisely.
b.R Argument;Rconclusion:RAristotleRfocusedRonRclarifyingRtheRconceptRofRvirtueRitself.
c.R Argument;Rconclusion:RTheyRhaveRtheRcapacityRtoRfollowR...RtheRsituation.
d.R Argument;Rconclusion:RHeRarguedRthatRitRwasRvirtuousR...RwereRvices
e.R Nonargument.
ANS:R E PTS:R 2
4.R IllegalRimmigrantsRpayRlocalRsalesRtaxes,RandRmanyRofRthemRalsoRpayRstate,Rlocal,RandRfederalRincomeRtax
andRSocialRSecurityRtax.RTheyRalsoRpurchaseRitemsRfromRlocalRmerchants,RincreasingRtheRamountRthese
merchantsRpayRinRtaxes.RInRaddition,RtheyRworkRforRlowRsalaries,RwhichRincreasesRtheRearningsRofRtheir
employersRandRtheRamountRofRtaxesRtheseRemployersRpay.RThus,RitRisRnotRcorrectRtoRsayRthatRillegal
immigrantsRcontributeRnothingRtoRtheRcommunitiesRinRwhichRtheyRlive.
a.R Argument;Rconclusion:RItRisRnotRcorrectRtoRsayR...RcommunitiesRinRwhichRtheyRlive.
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