EVOLVE MED-SURG HESI EXAM |130 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALE | LATEST 2025/2026 UPDATE.

EVOLVE MED-SURG HESI EXAM |130 i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS AND i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




RATIONALE | LATEST 2025/2026 UPDATE. i,- i,- i,- i,-




The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured right elbow. Which
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



assessment finding has the highest priority and requires
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



immediate intervention? i,-




A. Ecchymosis over the right elbow area
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




B. Deep unrelenting pain in the right arm
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




C. An edematous right elbow
i,- i,- i,- i,-




D. The presence of crepitus in the right elbow
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Correct i,-



Answer: B i,-




Rationale:Compartment syndrome is a condition involving i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



increased pressure and constriction of the nerves and vessels
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



within an anatomic compartment, causing pain uncontrolled by
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



opioids and neurovascular compromise. Option A is an expected
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



finding. Option C related to compartment syndrome cannot be
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



seen, and any visible edema is an expected finding related to the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



injury. Option D is an expected finding.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-

,The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



next morning has an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



Which condition is most likely to have contributed to this finding?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




C.Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Correct Answer: B i,- i,-




Rationale:The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates the i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



effectiveness of the kidneys in filtering waste from the blood. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



Dehydration, which could be caused by vomiting, would cause an i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



increased BUN level. Option A would affect serum enzyme levels,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



not the BUN level. Option C would primarily affect the blood
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



glucose level; renal failure that could increase the BUN level
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



would be unlikely in a client newly diagnosed with type 2
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



diabetes. Effects of option D might affect the complete blood
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



count (CBC) but would not directly increase the BUN level.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Which instruction is best for the nurse to provide to a client with
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



emphysema and chronic fatigue? i,- i,- i,-




A."Pace your activities and schedule rest periods."
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




B."Increase the amount of oxygen you use at night."i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




C."Obtain medical evaluation for antibiotic therapy."
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-

,D."Reduce your intake of fluids containing caffeine."
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Correct i,-



Answer: A i,-




Rationale:Manifestations of emphysema include an increase in AP i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



diameter (referred to as a barrel chest), nail bed clubbing, and
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



fatigue. The nurse can provide instructions to promote energy
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



management, such as pacing activities and scheduling rest i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



periods. Option B may result in a decreased drive to breathe. The
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



client is not exhibiting any symptoms of infection, so option C is
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



not necessary. Option D is less beneficial than option A.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



newly diagnosed with Cushing syndrome?
i,- i,- i,- i,-




A.Monitor blood glucose levels daily. i,- i,- i,- i,-




B.Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




C.Encourage adequate rest between activities. i,- i,- i,- i,-




D.Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Correct Answer: A i,- i,-




Rationale: Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



glucose levels assesses for increased blood glucose levels so that
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



treatment can begin early. A common finding in Cushing
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



syndrome is generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-

, is generally obtained from food intake, not by offering potassium-
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an overwhelming factor in
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need for rest is not
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



indicated. A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



recommended.


During the change of shift report, the charge nurse reviews the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



infusions being received by clients on the oncology unit. The
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



client receiving which infusion should be assessed first?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




A.Continuous IV infusion of magnesium i,- i,- i,- i,-




B.One-time infusion of albumin i,- i,- i,-




C.Continuous epidural infusion of morphine i,- i,- i,- i,-




D.Intermittent infusion of IV vancomycin i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Correct Answer: C i,- i,-




Rationale: All four of these clients have the potential to have
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



significant complications. The client with the morphine epidural
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



infusion is at highest risk for respiratory depression and should
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



be assessed first. Option A can cause hypotension. The client
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



receiving option B is at lowest risk for serious complications.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



Although option D can cause nephrotoxicity and phlebitis, these
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



problems are not as immediately life threatening as option C.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




A client who received a nephrotoxic drug is admitted with acute
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



renal failure and asks the nurse if dialysis will always be needed.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-