Chapter 18 Urinary System Disorders

Chapter 18: Urinary System Disorders
Test Bank


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following structures is most likely to be located in the renal medulla?
a. Proximal convoluted tubule
b. Glomerulus
c. Loop of Henle
d. Afferent arteriole
ANS: C REF: 492-493

2. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?
a. Regulation of body fluid concentrations
b. Removal of nitrogenous and acidic wastes
c. Activation of vitamin D
d. Production of albumin
ANS: D REF: 491

3. Which of the following describes the correct flow of blood in the kidney?
a. Afferent arteriole to the peritubular capillaries to the venule
b. Efferent arteriole to the glomerular capillaries to the peritubular capillaries
c. Peritubular capillaries to the glomerular capillaries to the venule
d. Afferent arteriole to the glomerular capillaries to the efferent arteriole
ANS: D REF: 494

4. Which of the following describes the flow of filtrate in the kidney?
a. The collecting duct to the distal convoluted tubule to the renal pelvis
b. Bowman’s capsule to the proximal convoluted tubule to the loop of Henle
c. The loop of Henle to the collecting duct to Bowman’s capsule
d. The distal convoluted tubule to the loop of Henle to the collecting duct
ANS: B REF: 492

5. Which of the following describes the normal flow of urine?
a. Collecting duct to the renal pelvis to the ureter to the bladder
b. Renal pelvis to the urethra to the bladder to the ureter
c. Ureter to the renal pelvis to the urethra to the bladder
d. Collecting duct to the ureter to the urethra
ANS: A REF: 496

6. Which statement about the bladder is TRUE?
a. The bladder wall lacks rugae.
b. Three openings from the urinary bladder form the trigone.
c. It contracts when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
d. Continuous peristalsis in the bladder wall promotes urine flow.
ANS: B REF: 496

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7. Which of the following increases glomerular filtration rate?
a. Increased plasma osmotic pressure
b. Dilation of the efferent arteriole
c. Increased hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries
d. Constriction of the afferent arteriole
ANS: C REF: 495

8. By what process is water reabsorbed from the filtrate?
a. Osmosis
b. Active transport
c. Cotransport
d. Capillary action
ANS: A REF: 492

9. Which substance directly controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts?
a. Renin
b. Aldosterone
c. Angiotensin
d. Antidiuretic hormone
ANS: D REF: 492

10. Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete renin?
a. The urine pH decreases.
b. Blood flow in the afferent arteNriUoR
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c. Serum potassium levels are high.
d. Serum osmotic pressure increases.
ANS: B REF: 495

11. Which of the following should be present in the filtrate in the proximal convoluted tubule?
a. Plasma proteins
b. Erythrocytes
c. Sodium ions
d. Leukocytes
ANS: C REF: 492

12. From the following, choose the substance likely to appear in the urine when the glomerulus is
inflamed.
a. Albumin
b. Urea
c. Sodium
d. Creatinine
ANS: A REF: 497

13. Involuntary urination by a child after age 4 or 5, when bladder control is expected, is referred
to as:
a. enuresis.