MDARD CORE PESTICIDE EXAM CORRECTLY ANSWERED LATEST 2023

MDARD CORE PESTICIDE EXAM CORRECTLY ANSWERED LATEST 2023 “Using barriers to prevent pests from getting into an area is an example of which type of pesticide management method? - CORRECT ANSWER Mechanical" "Making use of plant varieties that are naturally resistant to insect feeding is an example of which type of pest management method? - CORRECT ANSWER Genetic" "Which of the statements about biological control is true? a) Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is recommended in bio control b) Biological control involves importing exotic pests to control natural enemies c) Using several cultural practices and a wide variety of pesticides works best in biological control - CORRECT ANSWER a) Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is recommended in bio control" "Sealing building cracks and small openings is an example of what kind of pest management method? - CORRECT ANSWER Physical" "Which statement about cultural control practices is true? a) They reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival b) They use naturally derived or synthesized chemicals to control pests c) they involve the release of parasites and predators found in foreign countries - CORRECT ANSWER a) They reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival" "Monitoring pests at airports and ocean ports that pose a serious threat to public health or widespread damage to crops or animals is an example of which type of pest management method? - CORRECT ANSWER Regulatory" "Which statements about pest management strategies in IPM is true? a) The goal is to prevent pests from reaching damaging levels b) Eradication is never the goal of an IPM program c) Nonchemical methods are short-term solutions to control pests - CORRECT ANSWER a) The goal is to prevent pests from reaching damaging levels" "Which would be considered a preventative pest management strategy? a) Planting weed- and disease-free seed on an athletic field b) Releasing natural enemies to help reduce pest populations c) Removing a pest that is a public health concern from an area - CORRECT ANSWER a) Planting weed- and disease-free seed on an athletic field" "list ways to minimize injury to bees and pollinators - CORRECT ANSWER -follow specific instructions to protect bees and pollinators -do not apply insecticides to crops in bloom -apply insecticides in evening or at night when bees not foraging (early morning applications protects honey bees, wild bees forage at or before dawn) -do not apply insecticide when weeds or other plants around treatment site in bloom -do not allow pesticide to drift onto attractive habitat, natural areas, or beehives -choose lease hazardous formulations and application methods" "Which of the following is considered a good security practice? a) instruct employees on pesticide inventory control b) allow employees access to inventory c) back up confidential data daily and keep it at the facility - CORRECT ANSWER a) instruct employees on pesticide inventory control" "Which statement about measuring and/or transferring pesticides is true? a) metal measuring utensils are recommended over plastic b) most dusts, powders, and dry formulations are measured by volume c) after adding the pesticide to the partially filled spray tank, rinse the measuring container and pour the rinse solution into the tank - CORRECT ANSWER c) after adding the pesticide to the partially filled spray tank, rinse the measuring container and pour the rinse solution into the tank" "What is the first thing you should do when you detect the presence of a pest? a. Select a control tactic. b. Notify the Department of Agriculture. c. Identify the organism and gain information about its biology. d. Determine the economic threshold for control. - CORRECT ANSWER c. Identify the organism and gain information about its biology." "Which statement about action thresholds is true? a) The IPM technician needs to implement control measures below the action threshold level b) The action threshold for a pest may be set at a 0 pest population density c) In an urban landscape, action thresholds are usually more related to economics than aesthetics - CORRECT ANSWER b) The action threshold for a pest may be set at a 0 pest population density" "Which would increase the likelihood of pesticide resistance? a) An insect that has 1 generation per year b) Continual use of pesticides from the same chemical class c) Applying a pesticide that has little or no residual effect - CORRECT ANSWER b) Continual use of pesticides from the same chemical class" "Which statement about FIFRA is false? a) it provides the overall framework for the federal pesticide regulatory program b) it prevents states, tribes, and territories from creating laws that are stricter than federal regulations c) it allows applicators to deviate from the pesticide label under specific use situations - CORRECT ANSWER b) it prevents states, tribes, and territories from creating laws that are stricter than federal regulations" "Under federal law, which statement about trained and certified applicators is true? a) They may apply and/or supervise the application of RUPs b) They must receive supplemental training before mixing RUPs c) they are exempt from obtaining county bulletins for the protection of endangered species - CORRECT ANSWER a) They may apply and/or supervise the application of RUPs" "What is the purpose of the registration and reregistration process? - CORRECT ANSWER To provide evidence that the pesticide will not cause unreasonable risks to human health or the environment" "T/F- Approved pesticide labels have the force of law - CORRECT ANSWER True" "Which of the following criteria is used by EPA in establishing pesticide tolerances? a) Research data completely independent of the pesticide manufacturer b) The anticipated volume of product to be sold in any given year c) The toxicity of the pesticide and its breakdown products - CORRECT ANSWER c) The toxicity of the pesticide and its breakdown products" "Under federal law, which is unlawful and subject to civil or criminal penalties? a) Allowing a person under the direct supervision of a certified applicator to apply RUPs b) detaching, altering, defacing, or destroying any part of a container or labeling c) Keeping inadequate records of employees who received training on the proper use of pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER b) detaching, altering, defacing, or destroying any part of a container or labeling" "Which federal regulation requires employee training in the use of pesticides? - CORRECT ANSWER WPS (Workers protection standard)" "Which group of pesticides is exempt from registration because it poses little or no risk to humans and the environment? - CORRECT ANSWER Minimum risk pesticides" "The active ingredient in Tempo20WP is listed as β-Cyfluthrin, cyano(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate. What does the term "Cylfuthrin" represent? - CORRECT ANSWER The common name" "Which statements about pesticide label names and ingredients is true? a) Both the active ingredients and inert ingredients must be listed by chemical name b) various manufacturers use different trade names, even though the products may contain the same active ingredient c) Common names are those officially accepted by the manufacturer - CORRECT ANSWER b) various manufacturers use different trade names, even though the products may contain the same active ingredient" "What is the purpose of the signal word? - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates the product's relative acute toxicity to humans and animals" "The routes of entry statement, "Extremely hazardous by skin contact- rapidly absorbed through the skin," on a label would most likely carry which signal word? a) DANGER b) WARNING c) CAUTION - CORRECT ANSWER a) DANGER" ""Do not breathe vapors or spray mist" is an example of a ____________ - CORRECT ANSWER Specific action statement" "Directions for mixing and loading a pesticide are usually found under _________________ - CORRECT ANSWER Directions for use" ""If swallowed, call a doctor" is an example of what kind of statement? - CORRECT ANSWER Mandatory" "Who is responsible for developing SDSs for pesticides and providing them upon request? - CORRECT ANSWER the product manufacturer" "The name "X-Pest 5G" on a pesticide label indicates a: a) Granular pesticide with 5% active ingredient b) Granular pesticide with 5% inert ingredients c) Gel pesticide with 5% active ingredient - CORRECT ANSWER a) Granular pesticide with 5% active ingredient" "Which is the pesticide formulation process by which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid? - CORRECT ANSWER suspension?" "Which liquid pesticide formulation consists of a small amount of active ingredient (1% or less per unit volume)? - CORRECT ANSWER RTU, ready to use (low concentrate) solution" "Which liquid pesticide formulation may approach 100% active ingredient? - CORRECT ANSWER ULV, ultra low volume" "Which is a disadvantage of both EC and ULV formulations? a) difficult to handle, transport, and store b) require constant agitation to keep in suspension c) solvents may cause rubber or plastic hoses, gaskets, pump parts, and other surfaces to deteriorate - CORRECT ANSWER c) solvents may cause rubber or plastic hoses, gaskets, pump parts, and other surfaces to deteriorate" "Which dry/solid formulation is mixed in water and reduces the risk of inhalation exposure during mixing and loading? - CORRECT ANSWER Water-dispersible granule (WDG) or dry flowable (DF)" "Which type of dry/solid pesticide formulation consists of particles that are the same weight and shape? - CORRECT ANSWER pellet" "Which is an advantage of microencapsulated materials? a) delayed or slow release of active ingredient prolongs their effectiveness b) their pesticidal activity is independent of weather conditions c) they usually require only short restricted entry intervals - CORRECT ANSWER a) delayed or slow release of active ingredient prolongs their effectiveness" “Using barriers to prevent pests from getting into an area is an example of which type of pesticide management method? - CORRECT ANSWER Mechanical" "Which type of adjuvant functions as a wetting agent and spreader (ie physically altering the surface tension of spray droplets) ? - CORRECT ANSWER surfactant" "Which type of adjuvant increases the viscosity of spray mixtures? - CORRECT ANSWER thickener" "What is A an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER Aerosol" "What is AF an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER Aqueous Flowable" "What is B an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER bait" "What is C an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER concentrate" "What is D an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER Dust" "What is DF an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER Dry flowable" "What is E or EC an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER emulsifiable concentrate" "What is F an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER flowable" "What is G an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER granules" "What is GL an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER gel" "What is L an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER liquid" "What is LC an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER liquid concentrate" "What is LV an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER low volatile" "What is M an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER microencapsulated" "What is P or PS an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER pellets" "What is RTU an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER ready to use" "What is S an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER solution" "What is SP an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER soluble powder" "What is ULV an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER ultra low volume" "What is W or WP an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER wettable powder" "What is WDG an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER water-dispersible granules" "What is WSC an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER water-soluble concentrate" "What is WSL an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER water-soluble liquid" "What is WSP an abbreviation for? - CORRECT ANSWER water-soluble powder" "Advantages and disadvantages of EC? - CORRECT ANSWER ADV -easy to transport, handle, store -easy to pour/measure -little agitation required -Not abrasive -will not plug nozzles -leave little visible residue DISADV -high concentration of AI --> easy overdose -may damage treated plants or surfaces -easily absorbed thru skin -spills difficult to decontaminate -strong odor -solvents may wear equipment -flammable/corrosive" "Advantages and disadvantages of RTU S? - CORRECT ANSWER adv -convenient -often sold with application equipment -less exposure risk disadv -limited availability -high cost" "Advantages and disadvantages of C, LC, or WSC/WSL - CORRECT ANSWER adv -easy to handle, transport, store -no agitation necessary -not abrasive -do not plug nozzles -do not leave visible residue disadv -limited availability -spills difficult to decontaminate -easily absorbed thru skin" "Advantages and Disadvantages of ULV - CORRECT ANSWER adv -easy to handle, transport, store -little/no agitation necessary -not abrasive -do not plug nozzles -little residue disadv -high drift risk -specialized equipment required -easily absorbed thru skin -may cause parts to deteriorate -special care required for calibration and application" "Advantages and Disadvantages of Invert Emulsions - CORRECT ANSWER adv -low drift -increased rate penetration/absorption -decreased runoff disadv -difficult to treat under surfaces because droplets large/heavy -limited availability" "Advantages and Disadvantages of F or AF - CORRECT ANSWER adv -easy to handle -low exposure risk -not phytotoxic -low clogging risk -splashes less likely disadv -may settle, agitation required -difficult to rinse -may be abrasive -hard to clean spills (not soluble water or oil) -may leave residue" "Advantages and Disadvantages of RTU A - CORRECT ANSWER adv -easy to use, transport, store -retain potencu disadv -practical for only limited uses -risk inhalation -hazardous if punctured -difficult to release only direct/small target" "Advantages and Disadvantages of D - CORRECT ANSWER adv -usually RTU -good alternative where L could cause damage -applied with simple equip -effective for hard to reach indoor areas disadv -high drift risk -residues do not adhere as well as liquid -high inhalation risk -dampness causes clogs -some equipment hard to calibrate -difficult to get even distribution of particles" "Advantages and Disadvantages of G - CORRECT ANSWER adv -RTU, no mixing -drift hazard low -low application hazard -simple application -may break down more slowly disadv -application equip needs calibration often (uneven particle size) -uniform application difficult -granules do not stick to foliage/uneven surfaces -may need moisture to release AI -may be hazardous to non-target species -bulky" "Advantages and Disadvantages of W or WP - CORRECT ANSWER adv -easy to transport, handle, store -less likely than ECs and petroleum-based formulations to harm treated surfaces -not phytotoxic -less absorptive disadv -not easy to measure, must be weighed -not easy to mix -inhalation hazard when mixing -needs constant agitation when in suspension -abrasive -clogs -residues visible on treated surfaces" "Advantages and Disadvantages of B - CORRECT ANSWER adv -RTU -attracts pest, dont need to cover huge area -controls mobile pests disadv -risk to children and pets -may kill non-target wildlife -requires careful placement/inspection -dead vertebrate pests may cause odor problem -must be removed when stops working -may not always work if pest has other food sources" "Advantages and Disadvantages of fumigants - CORRECT ANSWER adv -toxic to wide range of pests -can penetrate cracks, crevices, etc -single treatment will kill most pests disadv -target site must be enclosed to prevent gas from escaping -nonspecific and highly toxic -high inhalation risk -require lots of PPE -may require special application equipment -some temp requirments" "Advantages and Disadvantages of M - CORRECT ANSWER adv -coatings help protect applicator -easy to handle, transport, store -timed release of AI prolongs effectiveness -reduced volatility -reduced odor -less likely to stain -reduced phytotoxicity disadv -constant agitation may be required -risk of harming bees -long restricted-entry or preharvest intervals" "Advantages and Disadvantages of WSP or WSB - CORRECT ANSWER adv -accurate, premeasured doses -increased handling safety -lower risk spills disadv -packaged size may not match volume of equipment you have -must be kept dry" "List some types of adjuvants - CORRECT ANSWER -antifoaming -Surfactants (wetting agents, spreaders) -extenders -stickers -plant penetrators -compatibility agents -buffers or pH modifiers -drift retardants -defoaming agents -thickeners" "Define surfactant - CORRECT ANSWER an inert ingredient that enhances the dispersing, spreading, and wetting properties of spray droplets, allow the pesticide to spread evenly over the surface of a leaf" "The capacity of a pesticide to cause short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic) injury is referred to as its ____________ - CORRECT ANSWER toxicity" "Which statement about harmful effects of pesticides is false? a) the most common form of pesticide injury is by inhalation b) asthma-like symptoms may be caused by allergies to pesticides c) many herbicides and fungicides cause dermatitis (skin reaction) - CORRECT ANSWER a) the most common form of pesticide injury is by inhalation" "Which signal word is associated with very low oral LD50 values? - CORRECT ANSWER DANGER-POISON" "Which statements about pesticide toxicity is true? a) a pesticide with an oral LD50 of 5mg/kg is more toxic than a pesticide with an LD50 of 250mg/kg b) Manufacturers are not required to include chronic toxicity warning statements on product labels c) the signal word on the product label indicates how likely the product is to cause both acute and chronic toxic effects - CORRECT ANSWER a) a pesticide with an oral LD50 of 5mg/kg is more toxic than a pesticide with an LD50 of 250mg/kg" "For which class(es) of pesticides might cholinesterase monitoring be appropriate? a) Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides b) pyrethoids c) phenoxy herbicides, such as 2,4-D - CORRECT ANSWER a) Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides" "Which statement about what happens to pesticides inside the body is true? a) most pesticides used today are stored in our body fat b) the kidneys filter pesticides from the blood into the urine c) most chemical breakdown of toxic substances takes place wherever the pesticide is first absorbed - CORRECT ANSWER b) the kidneys filter pesticides from the blood into the urine" "Which statement about pesticide exposure routes is true? a) studies show that about 97% of all body exposure to pesticides during a spraying operation is by inhalation b) eating, drinking, smoking without first washing hands after handling pesticides is likely to transfer the product to your mouth c) the palms and forearms absorb pesticides more quickly than the scalp, ear canal, and forehead - CORRECT ANSWER b) eating, drinking, smoking without first washing hands after handling pesticides is likely to transfer the product to your mouth" "Which statement about first aid response for pesticide exposure to the eye is false? a) you should hold the eye open and immediately begin gently washing it b) you should drip water directly into the eye c) you should flush under the eyelid with water to remove debris - CORRECT ANSWER b) you should drip water directly into the eye" "What is the first thing you should do to help a victim of inhalation exposures? a) get the victim to fresh air b) administer artificial respiration c) have the victim lie down and loosen clothing - CORRECT ANSWER a) get the victim to fresh air" "Which statement about heat stress is true? a) Wearing extra PPE prevents heat stress b) Constricted pupils is a symptom of heat stress c) lack of sweat is a symptom of heatstroke - CORRECT ANSWER c) lack of sweat is a symptom of heatstroke" "If oral or dermal exposure has occurred, first objective is to... - CORRECT ANSWER rinse exposed area with water to dilute the pesticide and to prevent absorption" "If inhalation exposure has occurred... - CORRECT ANSWER get victim to fresh air immediately" "if pesticides get on the skin... - CORRECT ANSWER -remove all contaminated clothing immediately -wash affected area with water and soap, avoid harsh scrubbing -gently dry and wrap in loose clothing -if chemical burn, wrap loosely with clean soft cloth, do not apply ointments" "if pesticides get in the eyes - CORRECT ANSWER -hold eyelid open and immediately begin washing with drips clean water -drip water across--NOT DIRECTLY INTO--the eye -continuously rinse eye for 15 minutes -flush under eyelid to remove debris -cover eye with clean cloth and seek medical attention immediately" "if pesticide inhaled - CORRECT ANSWER -immediately carry victim to fresh air DO NOT ALLOW THEM TO WALK -have victim lie down, loosen clothing -keep victim warm and quiet, do not allow to get chilled or overheated -if victim convulsing, protect head, turn head to side, watch that breathing continues DO NOT ATTEMPT TO INSERT SOMETHING IN MOUTH WHILE SEIZING -keep person's chin up to ensure air passage clear -if breathing stops or is irregular, artificial respiration" "if pesticide swallowed or in mouth - CORRECT ANSWER -give victim large amount of water or milk -ONLY INDUCE VOMITING IF LABEL INSTRUCTS NEVER induce vomiting if victim -is unconscious or seizing -swallowed corrosive poison -has swallowed EC or oil product dissolved in petroleum solvents" "Hazard equation - CORRECT ANSWER hazard = toxicity x exposure" "Symptoms of heat stroke/stress - CORRECT ANSWER -fatigue, exhaustion, muscle weakness -dizziness or fainting -clammy hot, dry skin -altered behavior, confusion, slurred speech, irrationality -headache, nausea, chills -heavy sweating--> complete lack of sweating" "Which statement about PPE requirements listed on the pesticide label is true? a) A label may have different PPE requirements for pesticide handlers and early-entry workers b) You are not required to wear all the PPE listed on the label c) Wearing the PPE listed on the label eliminates your exposure to pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER a) A label may have different PPE requirements for pesticide handlers and early-entry workers" "Which part of the product formulation determines what glove type is needed? a) active ingredient b) surfactants c) solvents - CORRECT ANSWER c) solvents" "If there are no manufacturer use recommendations, a pesticide applicator should replace the chemical cartridges of his or her respirator: a) at the end of each season b) after one week of use c) at the end of each workday - CORRECT ANSWER c) at the end of each workday" "When oil is present, which particulate filter must be used? a) N-series b) P-series c) dust mask - CORRECT ANSWER b) P-series" "Air purifying respirators protect applicators from pesticide exposure by: a) filtering and/or absorbing the pesticide b) breaking down the pesticide c) neutralizing the pesticide - CORRECT ANSWER a) filtering and/or absorbing the pesticide" "You should do a qualitative fit test of your respirator a) every 5 years b) semiannually c) if you have a significant change in weight - CORRECT ANSWER c) if you have a significant change in weight" "Every time you wear any tight fitting respirator to apply pesticides, you should first a) perform seal check(s) b) do a qualitative fit test c) put vaseline on the edges of the respirator to enhance the seal - CORRECT ANSWER a) perform seal check(s)" "Which statement about washing work clothes soaked with a pesticide is true? a) use cold water and one wash cycle b) wash separately from other laundry items c) do not attempt to wash it--dispose of immediately - CORRECT ANSWER c) do not attempt to wash it--dispose of immediately" "Work clothes work to apply pesticides should be laundered with a suitable detergent a) after each day's use b) after they get wet with spray c) when they have a strong odor with the pesticide - CORRECT ANSWER a) after each day's use" "Factors that can affect the extent of breakthru are: - CORRECT ANSWER -contact time -concentration -temperature -product itself" "Good work practices- coveralls - CORRECT ANSWER -make sure coverall is durable and does not rip, puncture, tear easily -wash before reuse- separate from other laundry -protect from excess heat when wearing additional layers of clothing" "good work practices- footwear - CORRECT ANSWER -never wear open-toed shoes -wear heavy duty rubber boots -put pant legs outside of boot to prevent pesticide from becoming trapped in footwear -do not use footwear used with pesticides for anything else -do not wear work footwear home" "good work practices- gloves - CORRECT ANSWER -wear waterproof or chemical resistant gloves when applying -check gloves for holes by filling with water -wear gloves wherever pesticide residue might get on your hands -wear gloves according to type of arm movements will be making when handling pesticides -wash gloves before taking them off between tasks -replace gloves immediately if get torn -change gloves often to avoid contamination -rinse gloves before trashing" "Good work practices-eyewear - CORRECT ANSWER -minimum eyewear is safety glasses -if goggles required, have eyewash dispenser immediately available -consult eye doctor if wear contact lenses" "List and describe the 3 levels of oil degradation resistance of Non powered APR particulate filters - CORRECT ANSWER -N series- not oil-resistant -R series- oil resistant up to 8 hours -P series are oil-proof" "Describe the 2 types of purifying elements for air purifying respirators (APRs) - CORRECT ANSWER -particulate filters- remove dusts, aerosols, or sprays suspended in the air -chemical cartridges or canisters- remove contaminant-specific gases and vapors" "Laundering woven work clothes guidelines - CORRECT ANSWER -outdoors, shake any dry material, hang to air out -wash work clothes separately -load only a few items into washing machine so plenty of water and agitation -use hot water and highest water level -prerinse items -use heavy-duty detergent -run on heaviest cycle, use 2 cycles -discard heavily contaminated garments -line dry outdoors if possible -run additional cycle between loads before doing household laundry" "Which property of a pesticide would make it more likely to move in surface water runoff? a) high solubility b) high absorption c) high volatility - CORRECT ANSWER a) high solubility" "Which statement about movement of pesticides from the application site is true? a) Drift is seldom an issue with indoor applications b) Runoff and erosion are sources of surface water contamination by pesticides c) leaching is the main way that pesticides move great distances - CORRECT ANSWER b) Runoff and erosion are sources of surface water contamination by pesticides" "Which is an example of nonpoint-source contamination of groundwater? a) back-siphoning of pesticide spills at a wellhead b) leaching from a pesticide mixing area c) pesticides that dissolve and leach through soil after it rains - CORRECT ANSWER c) pesticides that dissolve and leach through soil after it rains" "Under which conditions are pesticides more likely to leach through soil? a) heavy clay soil, high in organic matter b) sandy soil, high in organic matter c) sandy soil, low in organic matter - CORRECT ANSWER c) sandy soil, low in organic matter" "Which best management practice will help prevent contamination of surface water and groundwater by pesticides? a) using pesticides that are highly water-soluble b) Following IPM principles c) selecting persistant pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER b) Following IPM principles" "Which 2 factors are most important in avoiding vapor drift? a) Droplet size and wind speed b) air stability and temperature c) temperature and pesticide volatility - CORRECT ANSWER c) temperature and pesticide volatility" "Which statement about sensitive areas is true? a) do not spray a larger target site if it contains a sensitive area b) Pesticide labels may list special precautions around sensitive areas c) endangered species' habitats are not considered sensitive areas - CORRECT ANSWER b) pesticide labels may list special precautions around sensitive areas" "Which statement about protecting bees from pesticide injury is true? a) Use foliar applications when possible b) Spray crops when they are in bloom c) apply insecticides in the evening or at night - CORRECT ANSWER c) apply insecticides in the evening or at night" "List and describe the physical and chemical characteristics of pesticides that determine how they will interact with the environment (4) - CORRECT ANSWER -solubility- ability of a pesticide to dissolve in a solvent-usually water, high solubility more likely to move with water in runoff or thru soil -adsorption- the process by which a pesticides bind to soil particles- oil-soluble pesticides more attracted to clay and org matter than water-soluble- pesticides that adsorb less likely to move from spray site -persistence- the ability of a pesticide to remain present and active in its original form for an extended period of time before its breakdown, longer half-life longer persistence, -volatility- tendency of a pesticide to turn into a gas or vapor, volatilization positively correlated with temperature, negatively correlated with RH (evap increases in drier conditions)" "List and describe the processes that breakdown pesticides (3) - CORRECT ANSWER -chemical degradation- breakdown chemicals that does not involve living organisms- usually thru chemical reactions with water -microbial action- breakdown of chemicals by microorganisms, fungi & bacteria -photodegradation- breakdown of chemicals in reaction to sunlight **water and temperature also affect breakdown- warm, wet conditions speed up breakdown, cool, dry conditions slow down breakdown" "Define drift - CORRECT ANSWER Pesticide movement away from application site by wind or air currents" "What are the 2 ways pesticides move in water? when do they occur? - CORRECT ANSWER -runoff, can travel great distances -leaching, can contaminate groundwater occur when: -too much pesticide applied or spilled -too much rainwater or irrigation -highly soluble or persistent pesticides used" "Factors that affect amount of spray drift - CORRECT ANSWER -droplet size (larger sizes drift less) -thickness of liquid (thicker liquid, larger droplets) -height at which pesticide is sprayed (closer to ground, less drift) -wind direction** -wind speed** -temperature and RH" "When is the best time to apply pesticides, relative to spray drift potential - CORRECT ANSWER early morning and evening, because windy conditions are more likely to occur around midday, when temp near ground increases (convection)" "Describe how temperature inversion can result in spray drift traveling very long distance - CORRECT ANSWER air above ground cooler than air above it, stable condition and little/no vertical air movement traps small droplets in dense cloud, cloud can move long distances esp when wind speed increases most likely to occur early evening" "List and describe the types of pesticide drift (3) - CORRECT ANSWER -spray drift- off-target movement of pesticide during a liquid application, most frequent -vapor drift- off-target movement of pesticide as gaseous vapor, volatilized pesticides can travel farther than spray, increases with temperature -particle drift-off-target movement of solid particles in air during or just after application" "list and describe the 2 sources of surface or ground water contamination - CORRECT ANSWER -point-source- comes from a specific, identifiable location (ie- spill entering storm sewer, contaminated water entering sinkhole, improper disposal at storage sites) -nonpoint-source- comes from a widespread area (ie movement of pesticides into streams or groundwater after broadcast spraying in right-of-way" "List the factors affecting runoff and erosion rates - CORRECT ANSWER -slope -vegetative cover -soil characteristics -volume and rate of water moving downslope -temperature -rainfall amount and intensity" "Pesticide characteristics that influence leaching - CORRECT ANSWER -solubility (high solubility-->more leaching) -adsorption (low adsorption --> more leaching) -persistence (high persistence --> more leeching)" "Soil characteristics that influence leaching/groundwater contamination - CORRECT ANSWER -texture- relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles (sandy soils --> more leaching, but clay can leach too) -structure- shape/arrangement soil particles (macropores- holes in soils) (more macropores --> more leaching) -organic matter- (higher org --> less leaching) -depth to groundwater- shallow water table --> higher chance contamination -geology- high permeable materials (ie gravel deposits) --> more leaching" "Best management practices (BMPs) to reduce chances of harm to environment - CORRECT ANSWER -Use IPM principles -Identify vulnerable areas -Do not mix and load near water -keep pesticides away from wells -Avoid back-siphoning (reverse flow of liquids into a fill hose, sucks tank contents into water supply) -Improve land use and application methods (ie terracing) -time pesticide applications to weather forecasts -select products wisely -handle pesticides safely" "list outdoor sensitive areas - CORRECT ANSWER -schools, playgrounds, recreational areas -habitats of endangered species -apiaries (honey bee sites), wildlife refuges, parks -areas where domestic livestock kept -ornamental plantings, gardens, food/feed crops" "list indoor sensitive areas - CORRECT ANSWER -places where people live, work, shop, or are cared for -where food/feed processed, prepared, served, stored -where animals live, eat, cared for -ornamental or sensitive plants grown" "Define and describe phytotoxicity - CORRECT ANSWER -plant injury due to chemical exposure -can occur on any part of plant -primarily due to drift, also surface runoff and root uptake" "list 4 ways bees and other pollinators can be exposed to pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER 1) direct contact during foliar applications 2) contact with residues on plant surfaces after application 3) drift from application to hive 4) ingestion of residues when pesticide applied as a seed treatment, soil or tree injection, or foliar application" "How can bird kills happen - CORRECT ANSWER -ingesting pesticide granules**, baits, or treated seeds -direct exposure to sprays -consume treated crops or contaminated water -feed on contaminated insects/prey -secondary poisoning" "define endangered species - CORRECT ANSWER a species on the brink of extinction throughout all a significant part of its range" "define threatened species - CORRECT ANSWER a species likely to become endangered" "Which statement about transporting pesticides is true? a) carry pesticides in the passenger compartment to prevent unauthorized access b) enclosed and lockable cargo boxes offer the greatest protection c) the operator (driver) is not held responsible if a pesticide spill or accident occurs - CORRECT ANSWER b) enclosed and lockable cargo boxes offer the greatest protection" "Which statement about pesticide storage facilities is true? a) a ventilation system may reduce noxious vapors by venting air into an adjoining room b) carefully consider the terrain when selecting a storage site c) the floor should remain as bare soil, to absorb any spilled material - CORRECT ANSWER b) carefully consider the terrain when selecting a storage site" "What is the first thing to do if a pesticide container is leaking? a) put on PPE b) transfer contents into another container c) clean up any spilled material - CORRECT ANSWER a) put on PPE" "Which recommended practice will minimize pesticide storage problems? a) Purchase quantities based on previous usage b) purchase more than you need to ensure availability of the product c) store metal pesticide containers on the higher shelves to prevent rusting - CORRECT ANSWER c) store metal pesticide containers on the higher shelves to prevent rusting" "What is the first step a business should take to develop an effective pesticide security program? a) coordinate planned actions with authorities b) conduct a risk assessment of business vulnerabilities c) train employees on security measures - CORRECT ANSWER b) conduct a risk assessment of business vulnerabilities" "A well-designed pesticide storage site: - CORRECT ANSWER -limits access -permits better inventory control -protects people from exposure -reduces chance of environmental contamination -prevents damage to pesticides from temperature extremes and excess moisture -safeguards pesticides from theft, vandalism, and unauthorized use -allows fire departments to know the location of products" "The first step in developing a security program is to... - CORRECT ANSWER conduct a risk assessment of your business or farm's vulnerabilities" "Employee training and security awareness - CORRECT ANSWER -train employees to be vigilant in detecting security threats -instruct employees on pesticide inventory control -instruct employees on security of storage facilities and application equipment -instruct employees on emergency preparedness and response" "Which of the following statements about emergency response planning is true? a) the main reason to have an emergency response plan is to reduce economic losses b) the first person to contact in an emergency is an attorney c) it is important to make a detailed report of what took place before, during, and after the incident - CORRECT ANSWER c) it is important to make a detailed report of what took place before, during, and after the incident" "What is the backbone of any emergency response plan? a) outlining the sequence of actions to take in a crisis b) knowing where labels and SDSs are kept c) having a designated emergency responder - CORRECT ANSWER a) outlining the sequence of actions to take in a crisis" "In addition to an emergency response plan, which of the following will further reduce the risk of a pesticide fire? a) store pesticides close to a heat source to prevent freezing b) keep a fire-detection system in the storage area c) post the storage area with a storage sign - CORRECT ANSWER b) keep a fire-detection system in the storage area" "Which is a recommended action to take in the event of a pesticide fire? a) construct berms to contain contaminated runoff water b) enter the storage facility and remove as much pesticide as possible c) try to extinguish fire before calling 911 - CORRECT ANSWER a) construct berms to contain contaminated runoff water" "Which is an appropriate action to take in the event of a pesticide spill? a) take a "time out" to read your emergency response plan b) Call 911 only if the spill has a chance of entering surface water c) put on the appropriate PPE before responding to the spill - CORRECT ANSWER c) put on the appropriate PPE before responding to the spill" "List the guidelines for developing an emergency response plan: - CORRECT ANSWER -designate emergency coordinator as "go to person" -post a lis of names & numbers of response agencies that may require notification -prepare form with info to convey to emergency personnel, facility map, area map -keep product inventory and labels and SDSs -maintain emergency equipment needed to respond to fires and spills -train employees how to execute response plan" "The backbone of an emergency response plan is a: - CORRECT ANSWER description of the sequence of actions to take in a crisis" "Take the following actions in case of pesticide fire: - CORRECT ANSWER -evacuate premises to designated rendezvous point -notify fire department -provide emergency responders with labels, SDSs, emergency plan, site maps -follow instructions of commander -establish security perimeter -build berms to contain contaminated runoff and pesticide leaks -call insurance -regulatory phone calls" "3 C's of pesticide spills - CORRECT ANSWER -Control- put on PPE, try to stop the spill -Contain- prevent spill from spreading/contaminating larger area -Clean Up Spill" "What should be in a spill response kit? - CORRECT ANSWER -telephone # for emergency assistance -PPE -absorbents -shovel, broom, dustpan -heavy duty detergent" "Determining when to apply a pesticide includes considering the: a) life cycle of the pest and weather conditions b) % active ingredient c) need for additives or adjuvants - CORRECT ANSWER a) the life cycle of the pest and weather conditions" "The "Directions for Use" section of a pesticide label indicates the: a) various crops or areas on which the pesticide may legally be used b) disposal of pesticide waste c) environmental, physical, and chemical hazards - CORRECT ANSWER a) various crops or areas on which the pesticide may legally be used" "When 2 or more pesticides mixed together form a putty or paste, separate into layers, or look like cottage cheese, it is an example of: a) limited agitation b) chemical incompatibility c) physical incompatibility - CORRECT ANSWER c) physical incompatibility" "After filling a tank 1/5 to 1/2 full with carrier, what is the usual order for tank mixing the remaining products? a) add suspension products, add emulsion products, add solution products, add surfactants (if needed), add compatibility agent (if needed) b) Add compatibility agent (if needed), add suspension products, add solution products, add surfactants (if needed), add emulsion products c) Add surfactants (if needed), add suspension products, add emulsion products, add solution products, add compatibility agent (if needed) - CORRECT ANSWER b) compatibility agent (if needed), suspension products, solution products, surfactants (if needed), emulsion products" "Which statement about the proper technique for opening pesticide containers is true? a) out on appropriate PPE after the containers have been opened b) Use a sharp knife or scissors to open paper or cardboard containers c) leave the container open until you have finished mixing pesticides for the day - CORRECT ANSWER b) use a sharp knife or scissors to open paper or cardboard containers" "Which statement about cleaning and disposing of pesticide containers is true? a) do not puncture rinsed pesticide containers b) pesticide containers that cannot be recycled or returned to the manufacturer should be reused c) containers must be disposed of in accordance with label directions and current regulations - CORRECT ANSWER c) containers must be disposed of in accordance with label directions and current regulations" "Which statement about triple-rinsing and pressure-rinsing pesticide containers is true? a) triple rinsing is a more effective method than pressure rinsing b) all containers must be either triple-rinsed or pressure-rinsed c) rinsate from triple rinsing or pressure rinsing may be stored for later use - CORRECT ANSWER c) rinsate from triple rinsing or pressure rinsing may be stored for later use" "Which statement about pesticide rinsates is true? a) rinsates may be applied to labeled target sites at or below labeled rates b) rinsates containing strong cleaning agents may be reused in pesticide mixtures c) the amount of pesticide in the rinsate plus the amount of pesticide product in the new mixture may exceed the label rate for the target site - CORRECT ANSWER a) rinsates may be applied to labeled target sites at or below labeled rates" "Which of the following statements about pesticide equipment cleanup is false? a) sprayers should be thoroughly rinsed with a water detergent solution for several minutes b) when getting ready to store your sprayer, add some lightweight oil to the tank before the final flushing c) leftover pesticide residue in the spray tank is permitted when changing products - CORRECT ANSWER c) leftover pesticide residue in the spray tank is permitted when changing products" "Before purchasing/applying pesticide, reed label to determine what information: - CORRECT ANSWER -safety measures to follow -where you can legally use it -when to apply it -how to apply it -any special use restrictions -other restrictions (ie drift warnings)" "list and describe the two types of incompatibility - CORRECT ANSWER -physical compatibility- failure of pesticides to stay uniformly mixed in the spray tank, resulting in putty layers or cottage cheese -chemical compatibility- occurs when mixing certain pesticides in the spray tank alters the activity of one or more of them, rxn takes place--> new substances, indications = change color, gas or precipitate, scum/foam, sludge" "what can cause physical incompatibility - CORRECT ANSWER -improper mixing procedures -inadequate agitation -lack of stable emulsifiers -mixing with liquid fertilizers -mixing pesticides with hard waters (pH >7)" "list the 6 steps IN ORDER for tank mixing - CORRECT ANSWER 1) fill tank 1/5 to 1/2 with carrier (ie water, etc), begin agitation 2) add compatibility agent (if needed) 3) add suspension products (FIRST dry THEN wet) 4) Add solution products (S or SP) 5) add surfactants (if needed) 6) add emulsion products (EC)" "T/F- liquids and some granular pesticides are measured by volume; dusts, powders, and most dry formulations are measured by weight - CORRECT ANSWER TRUE" "List the 7 basic application procedures - CORRECT ANSWER 1) clear area of people, pets, etc, keep out until dried or restricted-entry time expired 2) ensure pesticide reaching target area 3) apply pesticide evenly and correct amount 4) ensure pesticide maintains uniform mix 5) check hoses, other equipment parts often during application 6) turn spray equipment off when you pause for any reason 7) check label for any post application requirements" "Rinsate may or may not be used as future diluent if... - CORRECT ANSWER may -pesticide in rinsate is labeled for use on target site -amount of pesticide in rinsate plus amount in new mixture does not exceed label rate -rinsate is used to dilute a mixture containing the same or compatible pesticide may not -contains strong cleaning agents that may cause harm -would alter the pesticide mixture and make it unusable" "Which application method involves uniformly applying a pesticide to an entire area or field? - CORRECT ANSWER broadcast???" "Which type of application would you use to control cockroaches inside buildings? - CORRECT ANSWER crack and crevice????" "Which statement about containment pads is true? a) pads make spill cleanup more difficult b) pads should be made of permeable materials c) pads should be used where large quantities of pesticides are handled or mixed - CORRECT ANSWER c) pads should be used where large quantities of pesticides are handled or mixed" "Which statement about sprayer nozzles is true? a) a nozzle that mainly produces fine droplets is likely to minimize off-target drift b) coarse-sized droplets provide maximum coverage of the target c) nozzles control the amount of material applied and type of pattern created - CORRECT ANSWER c) nozzles control the amount of material applied and type of pattern created" "Which statement about granular applicators is true? a) ground speed has no effect on the application rate b) in a rotary spreader, lighter granules are thrown farther than heavier ones c) drop spreaders are superior to rotary spreaders when more precise placement of the pesticide is desired - CORRECT ANSWER c) drop spreaders are superior to rotary spreaders when more precise placement of the pesticide is desired" "Which technique would help minimize off-target drift? a) spraying during a temperature inversion b) using the largest droplets practical to provide the necessary coverage c) increasing the height of the nozzles above the target - CORRECT ANSWER b) using the largest droplets practical to provide the necessary coverage" "You are applying a pesticide to a triangular area that has a base of 60 feet and a height of 30 feet. How many square feet is the area? - CORRECT ANSWER 900sq-ft" "You are applying a pesticide to a circular area that has a 20-ft diameter. How many square feet is the area? - CORRECT ANSWER 314sq-ft" "You have calibrated your equipment to spray 50 gallons per acre. You need to spray 1 acre. The label calls for 3 lb of formulation per 100 gallons of water. How many pounds of formulation should you add to the tank to make 50 gallons of finished spray? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5 gallons" "list some common application methods - CORRECT ANSWER -band -basal -broadcast -crack-and-crevice -directed spray -foliar -rope-wick/wiper -soil -soil incorporation -soil injection -space treatment -spot treatment -tree injection" "if you often use the same location to mix an load pesticides, you might have to install a..... - CORRECT ANSWER pesticide containment pad, made of impermeable material" "list and describe 2 types of granular spreaders - CORRECT ANSWER -rotary spreaders- spinning disk shoots out of front and sides -drop spreaders- more precise when precise placement of pesticide desires, opens hole in bottom" "Define calibration - CORRECT ANSWER the process of measuring and adjusting the amount of pesticide equipment delivers to an area, to ensure equipment is applying the desired amount of material uniformly over given area" "list the 3 variables that affect amount of spray material applied per area when calibrating a boom sprayer - CORRECT ANSWER 1) nozzle flow rate 2) ground speed of sprayer 3) width sprayed per nozzle" "recommended techniques for reducing drift - CORRECT ANSWER -select nozzle for larger droplet size -increase nozzle size for larger application volume -lower boom height -avoid high application speeds or sudden major speed changes (can result in pressure changes, increasing drift) -avoid application during windy conditions/temperature inversion -consider budder zones/no spray zones -use drift control additive" "Act requiring any commercial pesticide applicator to be either a commercially certified applicator or a registered technician. - CORRECT ANSWER Act 451" "What is an RUP? - CORRECT ANSWER Restricted Use Pesticide" "IPM - CORRECT ANSWER Integrated Pest Management" "This may be a goal when the pest's presence or abundance can be predicted in advance. - CORRECT ANSWER Prevention" "This is a common goal in many pest situations. The intent is to reduce the number of pests to a level where the harm they are causing is acceptable. - CORRECT ANSWER Suppression" "This is rarely a goal in outdoor pest situations because it is difficult to achieve. Usually the goal is prevention and/or suppression. - CORRECT ANSWER Eradication" "Define Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - CORRECT ANSWER Integrated pest management is the use of all appropriate and economical strategies to manage pests and their damage to acceptable levels with the least disruption to the environment." "IPM involves the following steps... - CORRECT ANSWER monitoring, identifying pests, determining threshold levels, selecting management tactics, evaluating the results, and keeping records." "Define Threshold Levels - CORRECT ANSWER Thresholds are the levels of pest populations at which pest management action should be taken to prevent the pests from causing unacceptable damage. A threshold often is set at the level where the economic losses caused by pest damage would be greater than the cost of controlling the pests. These types of thresholds sometimes are called "economic thresholds."" "Define Host Resistance - CORRECT ANSWER Some plants, animals and structures resist pests better than others. Use of resistant types, when available, helps keep pest populations below harmful levels by making conditions less favorable for the pests." "Define Biological Control - CORRECT ANSWER Biological control involves the use of natural enemies. Biological control also includes methods by which the pest is biologically altered, as in the production and release of large numbers of sterile males, and the use of pheromones or juvenile hormones." "Define Chemical Control - CORRECT ANSWER Chemical controls use naturally derived or synthetic chemicals called pesticides that kill, repel, attract, sterilize or otherwise interfere with the normal behavior of pests." "Define Mechanical (Physical) Control - CORRECT ANSWER Devices, machines and other physical methods used to control pests or alter their environment are called mechanical or physical controls." "Suppression of a pest is: a.Keeping a pest from becoming a problem. b.Reducing pest numbers or damage to an acceptable level. c. Destroying an entire pest population. d.None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER b.Reducing pest numbers or damage to an acceptable level." "What is a threshold as it relates to IPM? a. The level of pesticide required to control a pest. b.The levels of pest populations at which you must take pest control action to prevent unacceptable damage or injury. c. A type of structure designed to be more resistant to pest invasion. d.The levels of heat and moisture required for a pest to survive. - CORRECT ANSWER b.The levels of pest populations at which you must take pest control action to prevent unacceptable damage or injury." "What is pest monitoring ? a. Watching your pesticide application kill the pest. b. Recordkeeping of the pesticide used. c. Checking or scouting for pests in an area to determine what pests are present, how many and how much damage they are causing. d. Identifying the pest's predators. - CORRECT ANSWER c. Checking or scouting for pests in an area to determine what pests are present, how many and how much damage they are causing." "How can pest identification help you develop a good pest control strategy? - CORRECT ANSWER Identifying the pest allows you to determine basic information about it, including its life cycle and the time that it is most susceptible to being controlled." "Why should you consider thresholds when you develop a pest control strategy? - CORRECT ANSWER Use of threshold information can improve your pest control strategy by helping you make a decision about when to begin management strategies." "Why is pest monitoring so important to pest management? - CORRECT ANSWER Monitoring is important to many pest control strate gies because it helps determine if the threshold has been reached and whether control measures have been effective." "Define integrated pest management (IPM). - CORRECT ANSWER Integrated pest management utilizes all appropriate economical strategies to manage pests and their damage to acceptable levels with the least disruption to the environment." "List several possible control tactics that may be used in an IPM strategy. - CORRECT ANSWER Pest management tactics may include: host resis tance, biological control, cultural control, mechanical control, sanitation and chemical (pesticide) control." "A pesticide was applied, but it did not control the pest. Name four reasons why the pesticide application might have failed to control the pest. - CORRECT ANSWER The failure of the pesticide to control the pest might have been caused by : 1. Pest resistance. 2. Choosing the wrong pesticide. 3. Misidentifying the pest. 4. Applying the wrong amount. 5. Applying the pesticide incorrectly, including applying at the wrong time. 6. Weather problems: too dry, wet, hot or cold." "What can you do to keep the pests you are trying to control from becoming resistant to the pesticides you use? - CORRECT ANSWER Pest resistance can be reduced by using integrated pest management and rotating the types of pesticides used." "What is the EPA? - CORRECT ANSWER U.S. Environmental Protection Agency." "What is the basic federal law administered by the EPA in regulating pesticides? - CORRECT ANSWER (FIFRA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act" "Violating FIFRA can cost... - CORRECT ANSWER A commercial applicator may be fined up to $5,000 for each offense." "What is FIFRA's definition of misuse? - CORRECT ANSWER "to use any pesticide in a manner inconsistent with its labeling"." "This act mandated keeping records of RUP applications. - CORRECT ANSWER The 1990 Farm Bill (officially called the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade [FACT] Act of 1990. ( The federal pesticide recordkeeping requirements primarily affect private applicators because commercial applicators are already required to keep records by Michigan's Regulation 636)" "What is the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA)? - CORRECT ANSWER This legislation provides a means to protect people from chemical emergencies by requiring state and local agencies to gather information about the quantities and locations of hazardous chemicals in their community." "What does the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) cover? - CORRECT ANSWER It covers pesticides that are used in the production of agricultural plants on farms, and in forests, nurseries and greenhouses. The WPS requires that you take steps to reduce the risk of pesticide-related illness and injury if you use such pesticides, or employ workers or pesticide handlers who are exposed to such pesticides." "What are the OSHA requirements for employers? - CORRECT ANSWER - OSHA recordkeeping and reporting requirements apply to employers with 10 or more workers. - Regardless of the number of employees you have, if a work-related death occurs or if five or more employees are hospitalized, OSHA must be notified within 48 hours." "What is the Endangered Species Act? - CORRECT ANSWER The federal Endangered Species Act requires the U.S. EPA to ensure that endangered species are protected from pesticides. The Act requires each pesticide label to limit its use in areas where endangered species could be harmed. County bulletins that define habitat areas will be available from pesticide dealers or county Extension offices." "What is the CZMA? - CORRECT ANSWER The Coastal Zone Management Act. "Protecting Coastal Waters." This provision requires Michigan and other states to develop and implement Coastal Non-point Pollution Control Programs to improve and protect water quality." "SMP - CORRECT ANSWER State Management Plan" "What are commercial registered technicians allowed to do? - CORRECT ANSWER A registered technician working for a licensed pesticide applicator firm may apply general use pesticides under supervision of a certified applicator and restricted use pesticide (RUPs) while under direct supervision." "Regulation 636 - Pesticide Applicators - CORRECT ANSWER Regulation 636 establishes the two types of certified applicators as discussed above—private and commercial. All commercial applicators shall maintain records of pesticide use for a time period not less than the following: General-use pesticides. One year following application. Restricted-use pesticides. Three years following the application." "What needs to be included in pesticide record keeping? - CORRECT ANSWER All records shall contain the following: A. The name and concentration of the pesticide applied and the EPA registration number. B. The amount of pesticide applied. C. The target pest or purpose. D. The date the pesticide was applied. E. The address or location of pesticide application. F. Where applicable, the method and rate of application." "How much experience do approved trainers need? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 years" "Regulation 637 - CORRECT ANSWER Pesticide Use Regulation 637 sets standards for pesticide use. It requires that pesticides be used in a manner consistent with their labels, that applications be made in a manner that prevents off-target discharges of pesticides, and that pesticide application equipment be properly calibrated and in sound mechanical condition." "Regulation 640 - CORRECT ANSWER Commercial Pesticide Bulk Storage If BOTH of the following conditions apply to your facility or operation, it must be registered annually with the MDA. 1.Stores pesticides in individual quantities greater than 55 gallons (liquid) or 100 pounds (dry). 2.Distributes these bulk pesticides as a direct sale or as part of a service you perform. Regulation 640 sets rules for commercial pesticide storage" "How can an empty pesticide container be recycled? - CORRECT ANSWER Empty pesticide containers that have been triplerinsed or power-rinsed (with a high-pressure nozzle) can be recycled at an MDA pesticide container recycling program. Pesticide containers need to be triple- or powerrinsed and punctured before