RASMUSSEN COLLEGE MDC 2 (II) LATEST VERSION
UPDATED AND REVISED IN 2025 SURE PASS!!!
Biology of Normal Cells - ANSWER ->Live, function, replicate
and Die- (apoptosis),Specific morphology
Small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
Differentiated function
Tight adherence, Non-migratory Orderly and well-regulated
growth (cellular regulation) Mitosis Contact inhibition
Apoptosis Normal chromosomes (euploidy)
Benign versus Malignant Cell Growth - ANSWER ->Common
Benign—Harmless; does not usually require intervention
on types of altered cell growth
Malignant—Indicates cancer; serious and can lead to death
without intervention
Biology of Abnormal Cells - ANSWER ->Benign Tumor Cells-
Normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time
Result of small problem with cellular regulation
Moles, uterine fibroid tumors, skin tags, endometriosis, nasal
polyps
Features of Benign Tumor Cells - ANSWER ->Specific
morphology
Small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
Specific differentiated functions
Tight adherence
,No migration
Orderly growth
Normal chromosomes
Cancer Cells - ANSWER ->Abnormal
Serve no useful function
Harmful to normal body tissues
Features of Cancer Cells - ANSWER ->Anaplasia
Large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
Specific functions lost
Loose adherence
Migration (metastasis)
No contact inhibition
Rapid or continuous cell division
Abnormal chromosomes (aneuploidy)
Cancer Development - ANSWER ->Carcinogenesis/oncogenesis
= cancer development
Malignant transformation occurs through
Initiation
Promotion
Progression
Metastasis
Primary and Secondary Tumors - ANSWER ->Primary
Identified by the tissue from which it arose (parent tissue)
Secondary (metastatic)
Cancer cells move from primary location
, Additional tumor(s)
Cancer Classification - ANSWER ->Grading
Ploidy
Staging
TNM
T—Tumor
N—Node
M—Metastasis
Doubling time and mitotic index
Neoplasm - ANSWER ->Means new cell growth=Tumor either
benign or malignant.
Superior vena cava syndrome - ANSWER ->A condition that
requires high-dose radiation as a priority medical treatment to
relieve airway obstruction caused by compression of the
superior vena cava.
Cancer Etiology and Genetic Risk - ANSWER ->Oncogene
activation
Chemical carcinogenesis
Physical carcinogenesis
Viral carcinogenesis
Dietary factors
Personal factors
Immune function
Advancing age
Genetic risk
UPDATED AND REVISED IN 2025 SURE PASS!!!
Biology of Normal Cells - ANSWER ->Live, function, replicate
and Die- (apoptosis),Specific morphology
Small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
Differentiated function
Tight adherence, Non-migratory Orderly and well-regulated
growth (cellular regulation) Mitosis Contact inhibition
Apoptosis Normal chromosomes (euploidy)
Benign versus Malignant Cell Growth - ANSWER ->Common
Benign—Harmless; does not usually require intervention
on types of altered cell growth
Malignant—Indicates cancer; serious and can lead to death
without intervention
Biology of Abnormal Cells - ANSWER ->Benign Tumor Cells-
Normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time
Result of small problem with cellular regulation
Moles, uterine fibroid tumors, skin tags, endometriosis, nasal
polyps
Features of Benign Tumor Cells - ANSWER ->Specific
morphology
Small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
Specific differentiated functions
Tight adherence
,No migration
Orderly growth
Normal chromosomes
Cancer Cells - ANSWER ->Abnormal
Serve no useful function
Harmful to normal body tissues
Features of Cancer Cells - ANSWER ->Anaplasia
Large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
Specific functions lost
Loose adherence
Migration (metastasis)
No contact inhibition
Rapid or continuous cell division
Abnormal chromosomes (aneuploidy)
Cancer Development - ANSWER ->Carcinogenesis/oncogenesis
= cancer development
Malignant transformation occurs through
Initiation
Promotion
Progression
Metastasis
Primary and Secondary Tumors - ANSWER ->Primary
Identified by the tissue from which it arose (parent tissue)
Secondary (metastatic)
Cancer cells move from primary location
, Additional tumor(s)
Cancer Classification - ANSWER ->Grading
Ploidy
Staging
TNM
T—Tumor
N—Node
M—Metastasis
Doubling time and mitotic index
Neoplasm - ANSWER ->Means new cell growth=Tumor either
benign or malignant.
Superior vena cava syndrome - ANSWER ->A condition that
requires high-dose radiation as a priority medical treatment to
relieve airway obstruction caused by compression of the
superior vena cava.
Cancer Etiology and Genetic Risk - ANSWER ->Oncogene
activation
Chemical carcinogenesis
Physical carcinogenesis
Viral carcinogenesis
Dietary factors
Personal factors
Immune function
Advancing age
Genetic risk
