COM 240 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS With 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS GUARANTEED SUCCESS

Organizational Communication - correct answer The creating, sending, processing, and storing of messages within purposive systems. Communication - correct answer The behaviors of human beings or their artifacts that result in messages being received by one or more persons Message - correct answer Anything that a receiver sees as meaningful 2 components of a message - correct answer Content and Relational Communication models - correct answer Linear and Transactional Linear communication model - correct answer -Sender encoding discrete message -Challenges to message transmissions (interferences -Receiver decoding -Feedback loop Transactional communication model - correct answer -Message initiators and receivers -Past/present factors influencing message encoding/receiving -Levels of message exchange -Meaning formed by message receiver Initiating structure (Core Leader Communication Competencies) - correct answer •Planning •Allocating •Setting goals and expectations •Sensemaking Representing (Core Leader Communication Competencies) - correct answer •Upward influence •Networking •Managing boundaries Facilitating work (Core Leader Communication Competencies) - correct answer •Coaching •Giving feedback •Encouraging self-management Relational dynamics (Core Leader Communication Competencies) - correct answer •Openness •Supportiveness •Conflict management Frederick Taylor - correct answer -Created 4 principles of Scientific Managment -Contributions 1. Persuade the worker 2. Tell workers changes in advance 3. Ask workers for their input -Systematic Soldiering: the process where veteran workers would influence newcomers to slow down their work outputs to levels more manageable to all. Principles of Scientific Management (Frederick Taylor) - correct answer 1. There is a science for each element of an employees work 2. Scientifically select, train, and develop a worker 3. Cooperate with the employee so that the work is done in accordance with the scientific method 4. Promote an equal division of work between management and laborer Henri Fayol's bridge - correct answer Allowed information exchange at lower levels of the organizational hierarchy, allowed more coordination Henri Fayol's Principles of Management - correct answer 1. Structural principles -Division of labor, unity or direction, centralization, -Authority + Responsibility 2. Process Principles -Equity, Disciple, remuneration or personel, unity of command, subordination to general interest 3. End Result Principles 1. Order and stability 2. initiative 3. Esprit de corps Max Weber's Bureaucracies - correct answer 1. Overview -Rational legal system -Provides formal downward communication -Documentation is essential 2. How do they innovate? -Write rules on how individuals could innovate Max Weber's types of authority - correct answer 1. Legitimate / Traditional: passed down over the years, offic holder 2. Charismatic: inspiration from personality 3. Rational / Legal: rules, based on election Douglas McGregor's Theory X - correct answer 1. Lazy 2. Dislike work 3. Directed by top management Definition: All employees do not want to work other than to maintain a standard of living. Management treats workers as units of production rather than recognizing them as human beings who have other needs that must be met. Douglas McGregor's Theory Y - correct answer 1. Hard working 2. Self-Directed Definition: Work is a natural activity and people can enjoy it. Employees are motivated by responsibility and opportunity. Employees can motivate and control themselves. Managers use participative style. Mayo and Hawthorne's Illumination Experiment - correct answer 1. They changed lights from dim to bright and vise versa, ended up getting higher productivity no matter what the change was. -Realized the workers were being more productive because someone was actually paying attention to them. Mayo and Hawthorne's Interview Study - correct answer -No one had asked them what they felt before. Made them feel special. Mayo and Hawthorne's Spinning Mule Study - correct answer 1. Really harsh working environments (loud, no breaks), led to no social life inside work. -Gave breaks to workers and everything changed. Could actually talk for once. Rensis Likert's contributions - correct answer 4 styles of authority: Exploitive authoritative, benevolent authoritative, consultative, and participative. Exploitive authoritative system - correct answer -Fear and punishment -Downward communication (only) -Informal systems to block management plans Benevolent authoritative system - correct answer -Condescending trust in employees -Downward communication -Upward communication @ bottom levels -Informal system blocks formal system Consultative system - correct answer -Downward comm often accepted -Upward comm limited/distorted -Subordinates free to discuss feelings w/ supervisors -Informal system acknowledged (not often used) Participative system - correct answer -Downward comm accepted -Upward comm will be accepted -Informal and formal systems operate parallel. Likert's Linking Pin Concept - correct answer Concept holds that mid level managers can be upward and downward info conduits and influence agents. -know who key connecting people are -overlapping system of units, w/ lower level members leading smaller units -important for communication btw units and streamlining management Likert's Formal system - correct answer Task related organizational system Likert's Informal system - correct answer Other systems at work (often in opposition), important for feelings/connections Frederick Herzberg's contributions - correct answer Motivation-Hygiene Theory Hygiene factors- safety needs and physiological needs Motivational factors- social needs, esteem needs, self-actualization Serial vs. Disjunctive socialization - correct answer When you have co-workers on the same level as you vs. When you are on y