TEST BANK FOR COGNITION EXPL
h h h h
ORING THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND,
h h h h h h
7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG
h h h
, CHAPTER 1 h The Science of the Mind
h h h h
LEARNINGhOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describehthehscopehandhgoalshofhcognitivehpsychology.
1.2. UnderstandhthehcasehofhH.M.,handhthehmanyhwayshthathmemoryhinfluenceshourhlives.
1.3. Describehthehlimitationshofhintrospectionhashahmethodhforhscientifichinquiry.
1.4. Comparehandhcontrasthclassicalh(Watsonian)hbehaviorismhandhcognitivehpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sh“transcendentalhmethod”hishsometimeshcalledh“inferencehtohbesthexplanation.”hExplainhthishmethodhandhhowhit
h works.
1.6. Describehthehrole,hinhthehemergencehofhcognitivehpsychology,hthathwashplayedhbyhcomputerhsciencehandhthehdevelop-
hmenthofh“computerhintelligence.”
MULTIPLEhCHOICE
1. WhichhofhthehfollowinghtopicshishNOThcommonlyhstudiedhwithinhcognitivehpsychology?
a. angerhmanagement c. memory
b. decisionhmaking d. Attention
ANS:h A DIF: Easy REF:
ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychologyhOBJ: 1.1 MSC:hUnderstanding
2. CognitivehprocessesharehNOThnecessaryhforhwhichhdailyhactivity?
a. readinghahnewspaper c. talkinghonhthehphone
b. studyinghforhahtest d. breathing
ANS:h D DIF: Easy REF: ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychology
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssahwantshtohbehahpsychologisthbuthishunsurehwhichhtopichwithinhpsychologyhmosthinterestshher.hWhichhofhthe
h followinghtopicshwouldhbehLEASThlikelyhtohleadhherhintohcognitivehpsychology?
a. amnesia c. Lymehdisease
b. languagehacquisition d. problem-solvingh strategies
,ANS:h C DIF: Easy REF:
ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychologyhOBJ: 1.1 MSC:hApplying
4. Considerhthehsequenceh“BetsyhwantedhtohbringhJacobhahpresent.hShehshookhherhpiggyhbank.”hMosthpeople,hafterhhe
aringhthishsequence,hbelievehBetsyhwashcheckinghherhpiggyhbankhtohseehifhshehhadhmoneyhtohspendhonhthehgift.hThishinferencehabouthB
etsy’shgoalshdependshonhthehfacththat
a. ourhprevioushknowledgehfillshinhbackgroundhinformationhwheneverhwe’rehunderstandinghanhevent
horhconversation.
b. readersharehlikelyhtohknowhsomeonehnamedhJacob.
c. English,hunlikehotherhlanguages,hrequireshspeakershtohmentionhallhofhthehpeoplehinvolvedhinhan
hevent.
d. thehindividualhsentencesharehshort.
ANS:h A DIF: Easy REF:
ThehBroadhRolehforhMemoryhOBJ: 1.1 MSC:hUnderstanding
5. WhichhofhthehfollowinghstatementshishLEASThlikelyhtohapplyhtohpatienthH.M.?
a. “Hehcannothrememberhwhathhehdidhearlierhtoday,hincludingheventshthathtookhplacehjusthanhhourhago.”
b. “Hehreadhthishstoryhlasthmonth,hbuthhehwashstillhsurprisedhbyhhowhthehstoryhturnedhout.”
c. “Evenhthoughhhehhashencounteredhthehnursehmanyhtimes,hhehishstillhunablehtohrecognizehher.”
d. “Hehrememberedhthathithwashonlyhahweekhagohthathhe’dhheardhthehsadhnewshthathhishunclehhadhdied.”
ANS:h D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiahandhMemoryhLosshOBJ: 1.2 MSC:hApplying
6. ResearchhwithhH.M.hprovideshanhillustrationhforhwhichhmajorhthemehofhthehchapter?
a. Introspectionhishanhimportanthresearchhtoolhforhcognitivehpsychologists.
b. Cognitivehpsychologyhcanhhelphushunderstandhahwidehrangehofhactivitieshthathdependhonhsomeone’s
habilityhtohremember.
c. Memoryhishnothveryhimportant.
d. Thehdisruptionhcausedhbyhbrainhdamagehdependshonhhowhwidespreadhthehdamagehis,handhnothonhthe
hspecifichsiteshthatharehdamaged.
ANS:h h B DIF: Moderate REF: ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychology
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patientshsufferinghfromhclinicalhamnesiaharehcharacterizedhby
a. memoryhdysfunction. c. inarticulatehspeech.
b. anhinabilityhtohrecognizehpatterns. d. impairedhlanguagehcomprehension.
ANS:h A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiahandhMemoryhLosshOBJ: 1.2 MSC:hRemembering
8. Thehtermh“introspection”hrefershtohthe
a. processhbyhwhichhonehindividualhseekshtohinferhthehthoughtshofhanotherhindividual.
b. procedurehofhexamininghthoughthprocessinghbyhmonitoringhthehbrain’shelectricalhactivity.
, c. processhofheachhpersonhlookinghwithin,htohobservehhishorhherhownhthoughtshandhideas.
d. techniquehofhstudyinghthoughthbyhinterpretinghthehsymbolshusedhinhcommunication.
ANS:h C DIF: Easy REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hRemembering
9. Ahparticipanthishaskedhtohlookhwithinhhimselfhorhherselfhandhreporthonhhishorhherhownhmentalhprocesses.hThishmethod
ishcalled
a. logicalhinference. c. introspection.
b. reconstruction. h d.
ANS:h C DIF: Easy REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hRemembering
10. Ofhthehfollowing,hintrospectionhishLEASThusefulhforhstudying
a. topicshthatharehstronglyhcoloredhbyhemotion.
b. mentalheventshthatharehunconscious.
c. processeshthathinvolvehconceptualhknowledge.
d. eventshthathtakehahlonghtimehtohunfold.
ANS:h B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hUnderstanding
11. WhichhofhthehfollowinghstatementshabouthintrospectionhishFALSE?
a. Ithishthehonlyhwayhtohobservehconsciousheventshdirectly.
b. Ithishsubjective.
c. Ithprovideshstronghevidencehforhhypothesis-testing.
d. Ithwashahtechniquehusedhhistoricallyhtohstudyhcognition.
ANS:h C DIF: Moderate REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hUnderstanding
12. Geniehwondershwhyhshehcanhneverhrememberhthehnameshofhnewhacquaintances.hInhsearchhofhanhanswer,hshehexamines
h andhreflectshonhherhfeelingshabouthmeetinghnewhpeople.hGeniehishengagedhinhwhichhprocess?
a. practicalhrehearsal c. learninghhistoryhanalysis
b. introspection d. goalhretrieval
ANS:h B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hApplying
13. Introspectionhwashemployedhashahresearchhtoolhinhthehlateh1800shbecause
a. ithwashregardedhashthehonlyhwayhtohobservehthehmind’shcontentshdirectly.
b. ithprovidedhdatahfromhindividualshwithouthanyhspecializedhtraining.
c. consciousheventsharehjusthashimportanthashunconscioushevents.
h h h h
ORING THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND,
h h h h h h
7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG
h h h
, CHAPTER 1 h The Science of the Mind
h h h h
LEARNINGhOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describehthehscopehandhgoalshofhcognitivehpsychology.
1.2. UnderstandhthehcasehofhH.M.,handhthehmanyhwayshthathmemoryhinfluenceshourhlives.
1.3. Describehthehlimitationshofhintrospectionhashahmethodhforhscientifichinquiry.
1.4. Comparehandhcontrasthclassicalh(Watsonian)hbehaviorismhandhcognitivehpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sh“transcendentalhmethod”hishsometimeshcalledh“inferencehtohbesthexplanation.”hExplainhthishmethodhandhhowhit
h works.
1.6. Describehthehrole,hinhthehemergencehofhcognitivehpsychology,hthathwashplayedhbyhcomputerhsciencehandhthehdevelop-
hmenthofh“computerhintelligence.”
MULTIPLEhCHOICE
1. WhichhofhthehfollowinghtopicshishNOThcommonlyhstudiedhwithinhcognitivehpsychology?
a. angerhmanagement c. memory
b. decisionhmaking d. Attention
ANS:h A DIF: Easy REF:
ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychologyhOBJ: 1.1 MSC:hUnderstanding
2. CognitivehprocessesharehNOThnecessaryhforhwhichhdailyhactivity?
a. readinghahnewspaper c. talkinghonhthehphone
b. studyinghforhahtest d. breathing
ANS:h D DIF: Easy REF: ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychology
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssahwantshtohbehahpsychologisthbuthishunsurehwhichhtopichwithinhpsychologyhmosthinterestshher.hWhichhofhthe
h followinghtopicshwouldhbehLEASThlikelyhtohleadhherhintohcognitivehpsychology?
a. amnesia c. Lymehdisease
b. languagehacquisition d. problem-solvingh strategies
,ANS:h C DIF: Easy REF:
ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychologyhOBJ: 1.1 MSC:hApplying
4. Considerhthehsequenceh“BetsyhwantedhtohbringhJacobhahpresent.hShehshookhherhpiggyhbank.”hMosthpeople,hafterhhe
aringhthishsequence,hbelievehBetsyhwashcheckinghherhpiggyhbankhtohseehifhshehhadhmoneyhtohspendhonhthehgift.hThishinferencehabouthB
etsy’shgoalshdependshonhthehfacththat
a. ourhprevioushknowledgehfillshinhbackgroundhinformationhwheneverhwe’rehunderstandinghanhevent
horhconversation.
b. readersharehlikelyhtohknowhsomeonehnamedhJacob.
c. English,hunlikehotherhlanguages,hrequireshspeakershtohmentionhallhofhthehpeoplehinvolvedhinhan
hevent.
d. thehindividualhsentencesharehshort.
ANS:h A DIF: Easy REF:
ThehBroadhRolehforhMemoryhOBJ: 1.1 MSC:hUnderstanding
5. WhichhofhthehfollowinghstatementshishLEASThlikelyhtohapplyhtohpatienthH.M.?
a. “Hehcannothrememberhwhathhehdidhearlierhtoday,hincludingheventshthathtookhplacehjusthanhhourhago.”
b. “Hehreadhthishstoryhlasthmonth,hbuthhehwashstillhsurprisedhbyhhowhthehstoryhturnedhout.”
c. “Evenhthoughhhehhashencounteredhthehnursehmanyhtimes,hhehishstillhunablehtohrecognizehher.”
d. “Hehrememberedhthathithwashonlyhahweekhagohthathhe’dhheardhthehsadhnewshthathhishunclehhadhdied.”
ANS:h D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiahandhMemoryhLosshOBJ: 1.2 MSC:hApplying
6. ResearchhwithhH.M.hprovideshanhillustrationhforhwhichhmajorhthemehofhthehchapter?
a. Introspectionhishanhimportanthresearchhtoolhforhcognitivehpsychologists.
b. Cognitivehpsychologyhcanhhelphushunderstandhahwidehrangehofhactivitieshthathdependhonhsomeone’s
habilityhtohremember.
c. Memoryhishnothveryhimportant.
d. Thehdisruptionhcausedhbyhbrainhdamagehdependshonhhowhwidespreadhthehdamagehis,handhnothonhthe
hspecifichsiteshthatharehdamaged.
ANS:h h B DIF: Moderate REF: ThehScopehofhCognitivehPsychology
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patientshsufferinghfromhclinicalhamnesiaharehcharacterizedhby
a. memoryhdysfunction. c. inarticulatehspeech.
b. anhinabilityhtohrecognizehpatterns. d. impairedhlanguagehcomprehension.
ANS:h A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiahandhMemoryhLosshOBJ: 1.2 MSC:hRemembering
8. Thehtermh“introspection”hrefershtohthe
a. processhbyhwhichhonehindividualhseekshtohinferhthehthoughtshofhanotherhindividual.
b. procedurehofhexamininghthoughthprocessinghbyhmonitoringhthehbrain’shelectricalhactivity.
, c. processhofheachhpersonhlookinghwithin,htohobservehhishorhherhownhthoughtshandhideas.
d. techniquehofhstudyinghthoughthbyhinterpretinghthehsymbolshusedhinhcommunication.
ANS:h C DIF: Easy REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hRemembering
9. Ahparticipanthishaskedhtohlookhwithinhhimselfhorhherselfhandhreporthonhhishorhherhownhmentalhprocesses.hThishmethod
ishcalled
a. logicalhinference. c. introspection.
b. reconstruction. h d.
ANS:h C DIF: Easy REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hRemembering
10. Ofhthehfollowing,hintrospectionhishLEASThusefulhforhstudying
a. topicshthatharehstronglyhcoloredhbyhemotion.
b. mentalheventshthatharehunconscious.
c. processeshthathinvolvehconceptualhknowledge.
d. eventshthathtakehahlonghtimehtohunfold.
ANS:h B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hUnderstanding
11. WhichhofhthehfollowinghstatementshabouthintrospectionhishFALSE?
a. Ithishthehonlyhwayhtohobservehconsciousheventshdirectly.
b. Ithishsubjective.
c. Ithprovideshstronghevidencehforhhypothesis-testing.
d. Ithwashahtechniquehusedhhistoricallyhtohstudyhcognition.
ANS:h C DIF: Moderate REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hUnderstanding
12. Geniehwondershwhyhshehcanhneverhrememberhthehnameshofhnewhacquaintances.hInhsearchhofhanhanswer,hshehexamines
h andhreflectshonhherhfeelingshabouthmeetinghnewhpeople.hGeniehishengagedhinhwhichhprocess?
a. practicalhrehearsal c. learninghhistoryhanalysis
b. introspection d. goalhretrieval
ANS:h B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThehLimitshofhIntrospectionhOBJ: 1.3 MSC:hApplying
13. Introspectionhwashemployedhashahresearchhtoolhinhthehlateh1800shbecause
a. ithwashregardedhashthehonlyhwayhtohobservehthehmind’shcontentshdirectly.
b. ithprovidedhdatahfromhindividualshwithouthanyhspecializedhtraining.
c. consciousheventsharehjusthashimportanthashunconscioushevents.
