1. Which anatomical structure serves as the entry point of the large
intestine for contents arriving from the small intestine?
A. Ascending colon
B. Transverse colon
C. Cecum
D. Sigmoid colon
2. Where does the majority of enzymatic digestion of proteins and fats
begin in the gastrointestinal tract?
A. Small intestine
B. Stomach
C. Liver
D. Pancreas
3. Which microscopic structures within the intestinal mucosa
significantly increase surface area for nutrient absorption?
A. Gastric pits
B. Villi
C. Lacteals
D. Haustra
4. Select the correct sequence of the small intestine from proximal to
distal.
A. Ileum → Jejunum → Duodenum
B. Jejunum → Duodenum → Ileum
C. Duodenum → Jejunum → Ileum
D. Cecum → Duodenum → Ileum
5. What term describes the coordinated muscular contractions
responsible for propelling food through the GI tract?
,A. Segmental movement
B. Gastric emptying
C. Peristalsis
D. Retroperistalsis
6. The primary physiological role of the gallbladder is to:
A. Produce bile acids
B. Store and concentrate bile for release during digestion
C. Metabolize nutrients
D. Filter bilirubin
7. Which organ is unique in performing both endocrine and exocrine
functions in digestion?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine
8. The spleen contributes to gastrointestinal health primarily by:
A. Secreting digestive enzymes
B. Filtering blood and supporting immune function
C. Absorbing fats
D. Processing bile pigments
9. Which of the following structures lies in the retroperitoneal space
and is not encased within the peritoneal cavity?
A. Gallbladder
B. Kidney
C. Spleen
D. Transverse colon
10. Which term refers to the burning sensation commonly felt behind
, the sternum due to gastric acid reflux?
A. Dyspepsia
B. Pyrosis
C. Regurgitation
D. Gastralgia
11. A patient presents with epigastric discomfort described as "burning
and aching" shortly after meals. Which condition is most likely?
A. Peptic ulcer disease
B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
C. Irritable bowel syndrome
D. Gallstones
12. Projectile vomiting in an adult without signs of food poisoning
should raise suspicion for:
A. Gastritis
B. Elevated intracranial pressure
C. Duodenal ulcer
D. Hiatal hernia
13. The presence of clay-colored stools in a patient with jaundice is
most suggestive of:
A. Viral hepatitis
B. Biliary obstruction
C. Pancreatic insufficiency
D. Upper GI bleed
14. A patient exhibits right upper quadrant pain and a positive
Murphy’s sign. Which condition is most likely?
A. Hepatitis A
B. Cholecystitis
C. Appendicitis
intestine for contents arriving from the small intestine?
A. Ascending colon
B. Transverse colon
C. Cecum
D. Sigmoid colon
2. Where does the majority of enzymatic digestion of proteins and fats
begin in the gastrointestinal tract?
A. Small intestine
B. Stomach
C. Liver
D. Pancreas
3. Which microscopic structures within the intestinal mucosa
significantly increase surface area for nutrient absorption?
A. Gastric pits
B. Villi
C. Lacteals
D. Haustra
4. Select the correct sequence of the small intestine from proximal to
distal.
A. Ileum → Jejunum → Duodenum
B. Jejunum → Duodenum → Ileum
C. Duodenum → Jejunum → Ileum
D. Cecum → Duodenum → Ileum
5. What term describes the coordinated muscular contractions
responsible for propelling food through the GI tract?
,A. Segmental movement
B. Gastric emptying
C. Peristalsis
D. Retroperistalsis
6. The primary physiological role of the gallbladder is to:
A. Produce bile acids
B. Store and concentrate bile for release during digestion
C. Metabolize nutrients
D. Filter bilirubin
7. Which organ is unique in performing both endocrine and exocrine
functions in digestion?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine
8. The spleen contributes to gastrointestinal health primarily by:
A. Secreting digestive enzymes
B. Filtering blood and supporting immune function
C. Absorbing fats
D. Processing bile pigments
9. Which of the following structures lies in the retroperitoneal space
and is not encased within the peritoneal cavity?
A. Gallbladder
B. Kidney
C. Spleen
D. Transverse colon
10. Which term refers to the burning sensation commonly felt behind
, the sternum due to gastric acid reflux?
A. Dyspepsia
B. Pyrosis
C. Regurgitation
D. Gastralgia
11. A patient presents with epigastric discomfort described as "burning
and aching" shortly after meals. Which condition is most likely?
A. Peptic ulcer disease
B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
C. Irritable bowel syndrome
D. Gallstones
12. Projectile vomiting in an adult without signs of food poisoning
should raise suspicion for:
A. Gastritis
B. Elevated intracranial pressure
C. Duodenal ulcer
D. Hiatal hernia
13. The presence of clay-colored stools in a patient with jaundice is
most suggestive of:
A. Viral hepatitis
B. Biliary obstruction
C. Pancreatic insufficiency
D. Upper GI bleed
14. A patient exhibits right upper quadrant pain and a positive
Murphy’s sign. Which condition is most likely?
A. Hepatitis A
B. Cholecystitis
C. Appendicitis
