WGU D027 Course Material Questions with verified
answers
Which of the following is not a cellular function? Ans ✔✔-Combustion -
All living cells must absorb and metabolize sources of energy, excrete
waste and by-products of those processes, and reproduce to continue
offspring. Pyrotechnic processes (i.e. combustion) are generally
metaphorical.
What are mitochondria responsible for? Ans ✔✔-Energy production -
Mitochondria are the energy production organelles of the cell
responsible for the major metabolic processes of creating units of energy
(e.g., ATP).
Which if the following can cause edema? Ans ✔✔-Increased lymphatic
pressure -
Decreased vascular and lymphatic pressure does not generally result in
the movement and accumulation of fluid into extravascular spaces.
Increased plasma pressure in the vascular results in hypertension, while
increased lymphatic pressure will readily result in the pooling of
lymphatic drainage into third spaces (i.e. edema).
Which of the following best describes the result of cellular
reproduction? Ans ✔✔-Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are
produced -
The resultant offspring of cellular reproduction is the creation of two
daughter cells after the completion of mitosis or meiosis. Interphase is
the longest period that a cell spends its life cycle and is the preparatory
,stage before cellular reproduction. Anaphase is the separation of genetic
materials to the opposing centromeres of the cell, followed by telophase.
What indicates hypokalemia? Ans ✔✔-Serum K decreases to less than
3.5 -
Normal serum potassium (K), also known as eukalemia, is generally 3.5-
5.5 mEq/L, with some variations of +/- 0.1-0.3 mEq/L depending on the
laboratory testing, age, and other potential patient-specific conditions
and variations. Alterations in fluid volume or the administration of a
supplement alone do not necessarily contribute to the development of
hypokalemia.
What is an example of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy? Ans ✔✔-
Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy -
Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells of an organ or tissue,
while hypertrophy is the enlargement of the cells of a given organ or
tissue without a change in the number of cells. Muscle cells grow and
enlarge (hypertrophy) in response to increased work or stress from
exercise or increased cardiovascular pressures. When a liver is damaged
or part of it is removed, it is the one internal solid organ capable of
regeneration to repair itself creating more cells (hyperplasia). During
pregnancy, the uterus must both grow to create more cells and enlarge
those existing cells in preparation for the support of a fetus.
What regulates the sodium balance? Ans ✔✔-Aldosterone -
Aldosterone is a regulatory hormone produced by the adrenal glands to
affect the kidneys' regulation of sodium, potassium, and water excretion.
,What is the alteration if the extracellular fluid volume is less than
normal? Ans ✔✔-Hypotonic -
In hypotonic states, the cell size is increased as a result of water moving
from the extracellular fluid (ECF) into the cell to increase intracellular
fluid. Iso- or normotonic states are a balanced state between intra- and
extracellular fluid volumes. Hypertonic states cause water to shift out of
the cell to increase the ECF above normal.
When in excess, what do buffers absorb? Ans ✔✔-Hydrogen -
Excesses of acid or base, H+ or hydroxyl ion (OH−), are absorbed for
the purpose of maintaining pH homeostasis (pH of 7.38-7.42)
Which of the following would a patient with metabolic acidosis have?
Ans ✔✔-pH below 7.35; Bicarbonate level below 22 mEq/L -
The diagnosis of metabolic acidosis requires that the testing of arterial
blood finds that the pH is less than 7.35 and the bicarbonate level is less
than 22 mEq/L.
What is the process by which RNA directs the synthesis of
polypeptides? Ans ✔✔-Translation -
Translation refers to this process. Transcription is another process in
which RNA is synthesized. Mutation means genetic material has been
modified through inheritance. Creation is a term that does not apply in
this context.
What is the recurrence rate for autosomal dominant disease? Ans ✔✔-
50% -
, For a couple in which one or both partners are affected by the disease,
the chance of each child being heterozygous affected is 50%.
Which of the following statements is true about autosomal recessive
disease? Ans ✔✔-It affects both men and women equally -
A criterion for recognizing the inheritance of an autosomal recessive
disease is that men and women will be affected by it in equal measure.
What is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at the
specific point in time? Ans ✔✔-Prevalence rate -
Incidence rate refers to how many new cases there are of a disease
within a period of time divided by the number of the population's
individuals. The prevalence rate is affected by the incidence rate and
how long the affected patients survive. Risk factor is anything that could
lead to disease. Relative risk is the measure of a risk factor effect.
Which of the following should be completed when a disease is
multifactorial but has a larger genetic component? Ans ✔✔-Get a
thorough family history -
Environment and lifestyle choices may influence a disease, but diseases
such as breast cancer are hereditary, so the family history should be
reviewed.
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory process? Ans ✔✔-To
destroy foreign, invasive microorganisms -
answers
Which of the following is not a cellular function? Ans ✔✔-Combustion -
All living cells must absorb and metabolize sources of energy, excrete
waste and by-products of those processes, and reproduce to continue
offspring. Pyrotechnic processes (i.e. combustion) are generally
metaphorical.
What are mitochondria responsible for? Ans ✔✔-Energy production -
Mitochondria are the energy production organelles of the cell
responsible for the major metabolic processes of creating units of energy
(e.g., ATP).
Which if the following can cause edema? Ans ✔✔-Increased lymphatic
pressure -
Decreased vascular and lymphatic pressure does not generally result in
the movement and accumulation of fluid into extravascular spaces.
Increased plasma pressure in the vascular results in hypertension, while
increased lymphatic pressure will readily result in the pooling of
lymphatic drainage into third spaces (i.e. edema).
Which of the following best describes the result of cellular
reproduction? Ans ✔✔-Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are
produced -
The resultant offspring of cellular reproduction is the creation of two
daughter cells after the completion of mitosis or meiosis. Interphase is
the longest period that a cell spends its life cycle and is the preparatory
,stage before cellular reproduction. Anaphase is the separation of genetic
materials to the opposing centromeres of the cell, followed by telophase.
What indicates hypokalemia? Ans ✔✔-Serum K decreases to less than
3.5 -
Normal serum potassium (K), also known as eukalemia, is generally 3.5-
5.5 mEq/L, with some variations of +/- 0.1-0.3 mEq/L depending on the
laboratory testing, age, and other potential patient-specific conditions
and variations. Alterations in fluid volume or the administration of a
supplement alone do not necessarily contribute to the development of
hypokalemia.
What is an example of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy? Ans ✔✔-
Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy -
Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells of an organ or tissue,
while hypertrophy is the enlargement of the cells of a given organ or
tissue without a change in the number of cells. Muscle cells grow and
enlarge (hypertrophy) in response to increased work or stress from
exercise or increased cardiovascular pressures. When a liver is damaged
or part of it is removed, it is the one internal solid organ capable of
regeneration to repair itself creating more cells (hyperplasia). During
pregnancy, the uterus must both grow to create more cells and enlarge
those existing cells in preparation for the support of a fetus.
What regulates the sodium balance? Ans ✔✔-Aldosterone -
Aldosterone is a regulatory hormone produced by the adrenal glands to
affect the kidneys' regulation of sodium, potassium, and water excretion.
,What is the alteration if the extracellular fluid volume is less than
normal? Ans ✔✔-Hypotonic -
In hypotonic states, the cell size is increased as a result of water moving
from the extracellular fluid (ECF) into the cell to increase intracellular
fluid. Iso- or normotonic states are a balanced state between intra- and
extracellular fluid volumes. Hypertonic states cause water to shift out of
the cell to increase the ECF above normal.
When in excess, what do buffers absorb? Ans ✔✔-Hydrogen -
Excesses of acid or base, H+ or hydroxyl ion (OH−), are absorbed for
the purpose of maintaining pH homeostasis (pH of 7.38-7.42)
Which of the following would a patient with metabolic acidosis have?
Ans ✔✔-pH below 7.35; Bicarbonate level below 22 mEq/L -
The diagnosis of metabolic acidosis requires that the testing of arterial
blood finds that the pH is less than 7.35 and the bicarbonate level is less
than 22 mEq/L.
What is the process by which RNA directs the synthesis of
polypeptides? Ans ✔✔-Translation -
Translation refers to this process. Transcription is another process in
which RNA is synthesized. Mutation means genetic material has been
modified through inheritance. Creation is a term that does not apply in
this context.
What is the recurrence rate for autosomal dominant disease? Ans ✔✔-
50% -
, For a couple in which one or both partners are affected by the disease,
the chance of each child being heterozygous affected is 50%.
Which of the following statements is true about autosomal recessive
disease? Ans ✔✔-It affects both men and women equally -
A criterion for recognizing the inheritance of an autosomal recessive
disease is that men and women will be affected by it in equal measure.
What is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at the
specific point in time? Ans ✔✔-Prevalence rate -
Incidence rate refers to how many new cases there are of a disease
within a period of time divided by the number of the population's
individuals. The prevalence rate is affected by the incidence rate and
how long the affected patients survive. Risk factor is anything that could
lead to disease. Relative risk is the measure of a risk factor effect.
Which of the following should be completed when a disease is
multifactorial but has a larger genetic component? Ans ✔✔-Get a
thorough family history -
Environment and lifestyle choices may influence a disease, but diseases
such as breast cancer are hereditary, so the family history should be
reviewed.
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory process? Ans ✔✔-To
destroy foreign, invasive microorganisms -
