Biochemistry
Diabetes
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of VII pages
1. What is diabetes mellitus?
the inability of the body to regulate blood glucose through insulin
type I diabetes - insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
type II diabetes - non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
gestational diabetes
2. which cells in the pancreas release insulin and which release glucagon?
beta cells release insulin
alpha cells release glucagon
3. what does the pancreas release in response to high blood glucose levels? what about low blood glucose
high blood glucose levels
pancreas releases insulin
stimulus: glucose is absorbed after a meal
low blood glucose levels
panreas releases glucagon
stimulus: cells use or store glucose between meals
4. T or F:
type I and II diabetes have different causes, but the symptoms of uncontrolled disease are similar
true
5. describe the symptoms of type I diabetes
polyuria and thirst: ++
weakness or fatigue: ++
polyphagia and weight loss: ++
blurred vision: +
peripheral neuropathy: +
nocturnal enuresis: ++
Other signs include sweet smelling breath, sweet smelling urine, and impaired wound healing
6. describe the symptoms of type II diabetes
polyuria and thirst: +
weakness or fatigue: +
polyphagia and weight loss: -
blurred vision: ++
peripheral neuropathy: ++
nocturnal enuresis: -
Other signs include sweet smelling breath, sweet smelling urine, and impaired wound healing
7. in type I diabetes, the onset is typically ___
juvenile
8. type I diabetes is a lack of ___ production
insulin
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
Diabetes
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of VII pages
1. What is diabetes mellitus?
the inability of the body to regulate blood glucose through insulin
type I diabetes - insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
type II diabetes - non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
gestational diabetes
2. which cells in the pancreas release insulin and which release glucagon?
beta cells release insulin
alpha cells release glucagon
3. what does the pancreas release in response to high blood glucose levels? what about low blood glucose
high blood glucose levels
pancreas releases insulin
stimulus: glucose is absorbed after a meal
low blood glucose levels
panreas releases glucagon
stimulus: cells use or store glucose between meals
4. T or F:
type I and II diabetes have different causes, but the symptoms of uncontrolled disease are similar
true
5. describe the symptoms of type I diabetes
polyuria and thirst: ++
weakness or fatigue: ++
polyphagia and weight loss: ++
blurred vision: +
peripheral neuropathy: +
nocturnal enuresis: ++
Other signs include sweet smelling breath, sweet smelling urine, and impaired wound healing
6. describe the symptoms of type II diabetes
polyuria and thirst: +
weakness or fatigue: +
polyphagia and weight loss: -
blurred vision: ++
peripheral neuropathy: ++
nocturnal enuresis: -
Other signs include sweet smelling breath, sweet smelling urine, and impaired wound healing
7. in type I diabetes, the onset is typically ___
juvenile
8. type I diabetes is a lack of ___ production
insulin
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
