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Lecture notes

TEMA 3. Introducción a la odontología forense

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April 5, 2020
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Written in
2019/2020
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Antropología Forense


TEMA 3: INTRODUCCIÓN A LA ODONTOLOGÍA FORENSE
Muy importante para la identificación. La odontología forense es una ciencia auxiliar en el
campo forense que se basa en el conocimiento odontológico con finalidades jurídicas.

Se hipotetiza que los dientes a nivel
evolucionístico traen origen de las escamas de
los peces, alojados en cavidades que se llaman
alvéolos. Gonfosis es un tipo de articulación de
los dientes. En la parte interna de los dientes
encontramos la dentina, muy parecida al
tejido óseo. La parte que sale de las encías se
llama corona, y la dentina en esta parte del
diente está protegida por el esmalte, que es un
tejido duro y altamente mineralizado. En la
escala de Mohs el esmalte lleva un 5 sobre 10.



Sirve para comparar datos antemortem y postmortem, establece individualidad.

También se utilizan planos:

- Plano que divide en dos partes simétricas la boca. La parte que más se acerca al eje, se
llama mesial, y la parte que más se aleja, distal.

- Margen bucal o labial la parte del diente más
cercana a la mejilla si el diente tiene contacto con los
labios. Los dientes tienen un marco lingual, en
contacto con la lengua.




En la dentición adulta encontramos:

- Dos incisivos centrales

- Dos incisivos laterales

- Dos caninos

- Dos primeros premolares

- Dos segundos premolares

- Dos primeros molares

- Dos segundos molares

- Dos terceros molares

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