NCLEX-PN Test-Bank Questions and Answers

NCLEX-PN Test-Bank Questions and Answers Select the member of the healthcare team that is paired with one of the main functions of this team member. A. Occupational therapist: Gait exercises B. Physical therapist: The provision of assistive devices to facilitate the activities of daily living C. Speech and language therapist: The treatment of swallowing disorders D. Case manager: Ordering medications and treatments - Answer *Correct Response: C* Speech and language therapists assess and treat patients with a swallowing disorder; they also assess and treat patients with speech and communication problems as often occurs after a cerebrovascular accident, or stroke. *Occupational therapists assist patients with their activities of daily living and they also provide patients with assistive devices to facilitate eating and dressing. *Physical therapists perform rehabilitation and restorative care including help with ambulation and balance/gait exercises. *Lastly, case managers coordinate care along the continuum of care and they manage insurance reimbursements. The recommended daily caloric intake for sedentary older men, active adult women and children is: A. 2400 calories B. 1600 calories C. 2800 calories D. 2000 calories - Answer *Correct Response: D* Sedentary older men, active adult women and children should all have 6 ounces of grains, 2½ cups of vegetables, 2 cups of fruits, and 3 cups of milk to help make up their 2000 calorie requirement. Sedentary adolescents require 2400 calories, sedentary women and children require 1600 calories and active adolescents need 2800 calories daily. Ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease are all associated with: A. Surgical asepsis B. Catabolism C. Cachexia D. Venous stasis - Answer *Correct Response: C* Ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease are all associated with cachexia. Cachexia can also result from dehiscence of a surgical incision or rupture of wound closure. *Surgical asepsis refers to using a sterile technique to protect against infection before, during, and after surgery. The breakdown of tissue, especially after severe trauma or crush injuries is known as *catabolism. *Venous stasis is a disorder related to pooling of blood in a vein of the body; venous stasis typically occurs in the lower extremities and it is one of the many hazards, or complications, of immobilization. Select all the possible opportunistic infections that adversely affect HIV/AIDS infected patients: A. Visual losses B. Kaposi's sarcoma C. Wilms' sarcoma D. Tuberculosis E. Peripheral neuropathy F. Toxoplasma gondii - Answer *Correct Response: B, D, F* Kaposi's sarcoma, tuberculosis, toxoplasma gondii, mycobacterium avium, herpes simplex, histoplasmosis and salmonella infections are HIV/AIDS associated opportunistic infections. *Although many affected patients can experience blindness and peripheral neuropathy, these disorders result from impaired nervous system damage rather than an infection. *Lastly, Wilms' tumor (sarcoma) is a pediatric form of kidney cancer and it is neither an infection nor something that typically affects the patient with HIV/AIDS What can help reduce a patient's anxiety and postsurgical pain? A. Preoperative teaching B. Preoperative checklist C. Psychological counseling D. Preoperative medication - Answer *Correct Response: A* Patient teaching before surgery not only helps to reduce a patient's anxiety and postsurgical pain but it also decreases the amount of anesthesia needed and a lack of anxiety additionally speeds up wound healing. Preoperative checklists are a form of nursing documentation that is used to guide and document the care of the patient before surgery. Psychological counseling is typically NOT necessary except under highly unusual circumstances and preoperative medication can decrease the amount of anesthetic needed and respiratory tract secretions but it does not help with postoperative pain. Which disease decreases the metabolic rate? A. Cancer B. Hypothyroidism C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease D. Cardiac failure - Answer Answer: B- hypothyroidism. When caring for an infant during cardiac arrest, which pulse must be palpated to determine cardiac function? A. Carotid B. Brachial C. Pedal D. Radial - Answer Brachial (B). The patient after surgery should be sitting when deep breathing and coughing because this position: A. Is physically more comfortable for the patient B. Helps the patient to support their incision with a pillow C. Loosens respiratory secretions D. Allows the patient to observe their area and relax - Answer Supports their incision! (B) Which procedures necessitate the use of surgical asepsis techniques? Select all that apply. A. Intramuscular medication administration B. Central line intravenous medication administration C. Donning gloves in the operating room D. Neonatal bathing E. Foley catheter insertion F. Emptying a urinary drainage bag - Answer B, C, F. What is the ultimate purpose and goal of performance improvement activities? A.To increase efficiency B.To contain costs C.To improve processes D.To improve policies - Answer C. Even if you don't know the information in the question, be sure to use common sense & process of elimination. Example: "goal performance *IMPROVEMENT* activities". The key word here is improvement. You can instantly remove A & B. Now, read further into the question. Your next hint is going to be the word performance. so, performance improvement matches with improve process the best. The primary difference between practical nursing licensure and a nursing certification in an area of practice is that nursing licensure is: A. Insures competency and a nursing certification validates years of experience. B. Mandated by the American Nurses Association and a nursing certification are not. C. Is legally mandated by the states and a nursing certification is not. D. Renewed every two years and a nursing certification is renewed every five years. - Answer C. What intervention is the best to relieve constipation during pregnancy? A.Increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables B.Taking a mild over-the-counter laxative C.Lying flat on back when sleeping D>Reduction of iron intake by half or more - Answer A- remember! DARK, LEAFY GREEN VEGTABLES IS ALMOST ALWAYS THE RIGHT ANSWER! Process of elimination- B= medication is always the last option (you don't want them to become dependent.) C= doesn't really have anything to do with bowel movements. D= You never want to decrease your iron intake during pregnancy! You are the LPN working on 2 east with adult medical surgical patients. Your unit has been instructed to perform a horizontal evacuation of your patients because there is a fire on 1 east. Where will you evacuate your patients to? A. 3 west B. 3 east. C. 2 west D. 1 west - Answer C- think logically. The number usually indicates the floor number. So use your head! pick out the word horizontal, which means side to side. (long ways, hot dog, etc.) Now, think of a compass. North and south are vertical on a compass. East and West are horizontal. Process of elimination, a-different floor. b-different floor, d-different floor.... Which electrolyte is essential for enzyme and neurochemical activities? A.Chloride B.Magnesium C.Potassium D.Phosphate - Answer B, magnesium. Number the choices below to reflect the correct sequence for using a fire extinguisher: A. Aim at the base of the fire B. Squeeze the handle C. Sweep back and forth D. Pull the pin - Answer remember- PASS. Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep!!! D, A, B, C. The nurse reinforces home care instructions to the parents of a child hospitalized with pertussis. The child is in the convalescent stage and is being prepared for discharge. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? 1. We need to encourage adequate fluid intake 2. Coughing spells may be triggered by dust or smoke 3. We need to maintain respiratory precautions & a quiet environment for at least 2 weeks 4. Good hand-washing techniques need to be instituted to prevent spreading the disease to others - Answer 3. We need to maintain respiratory precautions & a quiet environment for at least 2 weeks A client enters the emergency department confused, twitching, & having seizures. His family states he recently was placed on corticosteroids for arthritis & was feeling better & exercising daily. Upon assessment, he has flushed skin, dry mucous membranes, an elevated temperature, & poor skin turgor. His serum sodium level is 172 mEq/L. Which interventions would the health care provider likely prescribe? select all that apply. 1. Monitor the vital signs 2. Monitor intake & output 3. Increase water intake orally 4. Monitor the electrolyte levels 5. Provide a sodium-reduced diet 6. Administer sodium replacements - Answer 1. Monitor the vital signs 2. Monitor intake & output 3. Increase water intake orally 4. Monitor the electrolyte levels 5. Provide a sodium-reduced diet The nurse is monitoring a client receiving glipizide (glucotrol). Which outcome indicates an ineffective response from the medication. 1. A decrease in polyuria 2. A decrease in polyphagia 3. A fasting plasma glucose of 100 mg/dL 4. A glycosylated hemoglobin level of 12% - Answer 4. A glycosylated hemoglobin level of 12% The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfisoxazole. Which should be included in the plan of care for instructions? 1. Maintain a high fluid intake 2. Discontinue the medication when feeling better 3. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider immediately 4. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response - Answer 1. Maintain a high fluid intake Before administering an intermittent tube feeding through a nasogastric tube, the nurse checks for gastric residual volume. Which is the best rationale for checking gastric residual volume before administering the tube feeding? 1. Observe the digestion of formula 2. Check fluid & electrolyte status 3. Evaluate absorption of the last feeding 4. Confirm proper nasogastric tube placement - Answer 3. Evaluate absorption of the last feeding A postoperative client requests medication for flatulence (gas pains). Which medication from the following PRN list should the nurse administer to this client 1. Ondansetron (zofran) 2. Simethicone (mylicon) 3. Acetaminophen (tylenol) 4. Magnesium hydroxide ( milk of mag) - Answer 2. Simethicone (mylicon) A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of major depression. During the admission interview, the nurse determines that a major concern is the client's altered nutrition related to poor nutritional intake. Which nursing intervention related to altered nutrition should be the initial choice? 1. Weigh the client three times per week, before breakfast. 2. Explain to the client the importance of a good nutritional intake 3. Report the nutritional concern to the psychiatrist & obtain a nutritional consult as soon as possible 4. Offer the client several small, frequent meals daily, and schedule brief nursing interactions with the client during these times - Answer 4. Offer the client several small, frequent meals daily, and schedule brief nursing interactions with the client during these times A client received 20 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at 8:00 am. The nurse should check the client for a potential hypoglycemic reaction at which time? 1. 5:00 pm 2. 10:00 am 3. 11:00 am 4. 11:00 pm - Answer 1. 5:00 pm The nurse assist in developing a plan of care for a client with hyperparathyroidism receiving calcitonin-human (Cibacalcin). Which outcome has the highest priority regarding this medication? 1. Relief of pain 2. Absence of side effects 3. Reaching normal serum calcium levels 4. Verbalization of appropriate medication knowledge - Answer 3. Reaching normal serum calcium levels The nursing instructor asks a nursing student about the cause of hemophilia. The student correctly responds by telling the instructor which fact about hemophilia. 1. Hemophilia is a Y-linked hereditary disorder 2. A splenectomy resolves the bleeding disorders 3. Hemophilia A results from deficiency of factor VIII 4. A bone marrow transplant is the treatment of choice - Answer 3. Hemophilia A results from deficiency of factor VIII A 4 year old child is admitted to the hospital with suspected acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The nurse understands that which diagnostic study should confirm this diagnosis? 1. A platelet count 2. A lumbar puncture 3. Bone marrow biopsy 4. White blood cell (WBC) count - Answer 3. Bone marrow biopsy A child with leukemia is experiencing nausea related to medication therapy. The nurse, concerned about the child's nutritional status, should offer which during an episode of nausea? 1. Low-calorie foods 2. Cool, clear liquid 3. Low-protein foods 4. The child's favorite foods - Answer 2. Cool, clear liquid To ensure a safe environment for a child admitted to the hospital for a crainotomy to remove a brain tumor, the nurse should include which in the plan of care 1. Initiating seizure precautions 2. Using a wheelchair for out of bed activities 3. Assisting the child with ambulation at all times 4. Avoiding contact with other children on the nursing unit - Answer 1. Initiating seizure precautions The nurse is preparing to suction an adult client through the client's tracheostomy tube. Which interventions should the nurse perform for this procedure? Select all that apply. 1. Apply suction for up to 10 to 15 seconds 2. Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning 3. Set the wall suction unit pressure at 160 mm Hg 4. Apply suction while gently inserting the catheter 5. Apply intermittent suction while rotating and withdrawing the catheter 6. Advance the catheter until resistance is met and then pull the catheter back 1 cm - Answer 1. Apply suction for up to 10 to 15 seconds 2. Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning 5. Apply intermittent suction while rotating and withdrawing the catheter 6. Advance the catheter until resistance is met and then pull the catheter back 1 cm The nurse is assisting in caring for a client who has a placenta previa. The nurse understands that a cervical examination should not be performed on the client primarily because it could do which? 1. Cause hemorrhage 2. Initiate premature lab