fundamentals test bank
The nurse and a new nurse in orientation are caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which
statement by the new nurse will indicate a correct understanding of this condition?
a. "An infectious disease like pneumonia may not pose a risk to others."
b. "We need to isolate the patient in a private negative-pressure room."
c. "Clinical signs and symptoms are not present in pneumonia."
d. "The patient will not be able to return home." - ANSa. "An infectious disease like pneumonia
may not pose a risk to others."
The patient and the nurse are discussing the vector transmitted Rickettsia rickettsii—Rocky
Mountain spotted fever. Which patient statement to the nurse indicates understanding regarding
the mode of transmission for this disease? a. "When camping, I will use sunscreen."
b. "When camping, I will drink bottled water."
c. "When camping, I will wear insect repellent."
d. "When camping, I will wash my hands with hand gel." - ANSc. "When camping, I will wear
insect repellent."
The nurse is providing an educational session for a group of preschool workers. The nurse
reminds the group about the most important thing to do to prevent the spread of infection. Which
information did the nurse share with the preschool workers?
a. Encourage preschool children to eat a nutritious diet.
b. Suggest that parents provide a multivitamin to the children.
c. Clean the toys every afternoon before putting them away. d. Wash their hands between each
interaction with children. - ANSd. Wash their hands between each interaction with children.
The nurse is admitting a patient with an infectious disease process. Which question will be most
appropriate for a nurse to ask about the patient's susceptibility to this infectious process?
a. "Do you have a spouse?"
b. "Do you have a chronic disease?"
c. "Do you have any children living in the home?"
d. "Do you have any religious beliefs that will influence your care?" - ANSb. "Do you have a
chronic disease?"
The patient experienced a surgical procedure, and Betadine was utilized as the surgical prep.
Two days postoperatively, the nurse's assessment indicates that the incision is red and has a
small amount of purulent drainage. The patient reports tenderness at the incision site. The
patient's temperature is 100.5° F, and the WBC is 10,500/mm3. Which action should the nurse
take first?
a. Plan to change the surgical dressing during the shift.
b. Utilize SBAR to notify the primary health care provider.
c. Reevaluate the temperature and white blood cell count in 4 hours.
,d. Check to see what solution was used for skin preparation in surgery. - ANSb. Utilize SBAR to
notify the primary health care provider.
The nurse is providing an education session to an adult community group about the effects of
smoking on infection. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the
educational session?
a. Smoke from tobacco products clings to your clothing and hair.
b. Smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs.
c. Smoking can affect the color of the patient's fingernails. d. Smoking tobacco products can be
very expensive. - ANSb. Smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs.
A female adult patient presents to the clinic with reports of a white discharge and itching in the
vaginal area. A nurse is taking a health history. Which question is the priority?
a. "When was the last time you visited your primary health care provider?"
b. "Has this condition affected your eating habits in any way?"
c. "What medications are you currently taking?"
d. "Are you able to sleep at night? - ANSc. "What medications are you currently taking?"
The nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has injured the right leg after a bicycle accident.
Which signs and symptoms will the nurse assess for to determine if the child is experiencing a
localized inflammatory response?
a. Malaise, anorexia, enlarged lymph nodes, and increased white blood cells
b. Chest pain, shortness of breath, and nausea and vomiting c. Dizziness and disorientation to
time, date, and place
d. Edema, redness, tenderness, and loss of function - ANSd. Edema, redness, tenderness, and
loss of function
Which interventions utilized by the nurse will indicate the ability to recognize a localized
inflammatory response?
a. Vigorous range-of-motion exercises
b. Turn, cough, and deep breathe
c. Orient to date, time, and place
d. Rest, ice, and elevation - ANSd. Rest, ice, and elevation
The nurse is caring for a group of medical-surgical patients. Which patient is most at risk for
developing an infection?
a. A patient who is in observation for chest pain.
b. A patient who has been admitted with dehydration.
c. A patient who is recovering from a right total hip surgery. d. A patient who has been admitted
for stabilization of heart problems. - ANSc. A patient who is recovering from a right total hip
surgery.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with leukemia and is preparing to provide fluids
through a vascular access (IV) device. Which nursing intervention is a priority in this procedure?
,a. Review the procedure with the patient.
b. Position the patient comfortably.
c. Maintain surgical aseptic technique.
d. Gather available supplies. - ANSc. Maintain surgical aseptic technique.
The nurse is caring for an adult patient in the clinic who has been evacuated and is a victim of
flooding. The nurse teaches the patient about rest, exercise, and eating properly and how to
utilize deep breathing and visualization. What is the primary rationale for the nurse's actions
related to the teaching?
a. Topics taught are standard information taught during health care visits.
b. The patient requested this information to teach the extended family members.
c. Stress for long periods of time can lead to exhaustion and decreased resistance to infection.
d. These techniques will help the patient manage the pain and loss of personal belongings. -
ANSc. Stress for long periods of time can lead to exhaustion and decreased resistance to
infection.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is susceptible to infection. Which instruction will the nurse
include in an educational session to decrease the risk of infection?
a. Teaching the patient about fall prevention
b. Teaching the patient to take a temperature
c. Teaching the patient to select nutritious foods
d. Teaching the patient about the effects of alcohol - ANSc. Teaching the patient to select
nutritious foods
A diabetic patient presents to the clinic for a dressing change. The wound is located on the right
foot and has purulent yellow drainage. Which action will the nurse take to prevent the spread of
infection?
a. Position the patient comfortably on the stretcher.
b. Explain the procedure for dressing change to the patient. c. Review the medication list that
the patient brought from home.
d. Don gloves and other appropriate personal protective equipment - ANSd. Don gloves and
other appropriate personal protective equipment
A patient presents with pneumonia. Which priority intervention should be included in the plan of
care for this patient?
a. Observe the patient for decreased activity tolerance.
b. Assume the patient is in pain and treat accordingly.
c. Provide the patient ice chips as requested.
d. Maintain the room temperature at 65° F. - ANSa. Observe the patient for decreased activity
tolerance.
The nurse is caring for a patient in an intensive care unit who needs a bath. Which priority
action will the nurse take to decrease the potential for a health care-associated infection?
a. Use local anesthetic on reddened areas.
, b. Use nonallergenic tape on dressings.
c. Use a chlorhexidine wash.
d. Use filtered water. - ANSc. Use a chlorhexidine wash.
The infection control nurse is reviewing data for the medical-surgical unit. The nurse notices an
increase in postoperative infections from Aspergillus. Which type of health care-associated
infection will the nurse report?
a. Vector
b. Exogenous
c. Endogenous
d. Suprainfection - ANSb. Exogenous
The patient has contracted a urinary tract infection (UTI) while in the hospital. Which action will
most likely increase the risk of a patient contracting a UTI?
a. Reusing the patient's graduated receptacle to empty the drainage bag
b. Allowing the drainage bag port to touch the graduated receptacle
c. Emptying the urinary drainage bag at least once a shift
d. Irrigating the catheter infrequently - ANSb. Allowing the drainage bag port to touch the
graduated receptacle
Which nursing action will most likely increase a patient's risk for developing a health
care-associated infection?
a. Uses surgical aseptic technique to suction an airway.
b. Uses a clean technique for inserting a urinary catheter.
c. Uses a cleaning stroke from the urinary meatus toward the rectum.
d. Uses a sterile bottled solution more than once within a 24-hour period - ANSb. Uses a clean
technique for inserting a urinary catheter.
The nurse is caring for a patient in labor and delivery. When near completing an assessment of
the patient's cervix, the electronic infusion device being used on the intravenous (IV) infusion
alarms. Which sequence of actions is most appropriate for the nurse to take?
a. Complete the assessment, remove gloves, and silence the alarm.
b. Discontinue the assessment, silence the alarm, and assess the intravenous site.
c. Complete the assessment, remove gloves, wash hands, and assess the intravenous infusion.
d. Discontinue the assessment, remove gloves, use hand gel, and assess the intravenous
infusion - ANSc. Complete the assessment, remove gloves, wash hands, and assess the
intravenous infusion.
The nurse is dressed and is preparing to care for a patient in the perioperative area. The nurse
has scrubbed hands and has donned a sterile gown and gloves. Which action will indicate a
break in sterile technique?
a. Touching clean protective eyewear
b. Standing with hands above waist area
c. Accepting sterile supplies from the surgeon
The nurse and a new nurse in orientation are caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which
statement by the new nurse will indicate a correct understanding of this condition?
a. "An infectious disease like pneumonia may not pose a risk to others."
b. "We need to isolate the patient in a private negative-pressure room."
c. "Clinical signs and symptoms are not present in pneumonia."
d. "The patient will not be able to return home." - ANSa. "An infectious disease like pneumonia
may not pose a risk to others."
The patient and the nurse are discussing the vector transmitted Rickettsia rickettsii—Rocky
Mountain spotted fever. Which patient statement to the nurse indicates understanding regarding
the mode of transmission for this disease? a. "When camping, I will use sunscreen."
b. "When camping, I will drink bottled water."
c. "When camping, I will wear insect repellent."
d. "When camping, I will wash my hands with hand gel." - ANSc. "When camping, I will wear
insect repellent."
The nurse is providing an educational session for a group of preschool workers. The nurse
reminds the group about the most important thing to do to prevent the spread of infection. Which
information did the nurse share with the preschool workers?
a. Encourage preschool children to eat a nutritious diet.
b. Suggest that parents provide a multivitamin to the children.
c. Clean the toys every afternoon before putting them away. d. Wash their hands between each
interaction with children. - ANSd. Wash their hands between each interaction with children.
The nurse is admitting a patient with an infectious disease process. Which question will be most
appropriate for a nurse to ask about the patient's susceptibility to this infectious process?
a. "Do you have a spouse?"
b. "Do you have a chronic disease?"
c. "Do you have any children living in the home?"
d. "Do you have any religious beliefs that will influence your care?" - ANSb. "Do you have a
chronic disease?"
The patient experienced a surgical procedure, and Betadine was utilized as the surgical prep.
Two days postoperatively, the nurse's assessment indicates that the incision is red and has a
small amount of purulent drainage. The patient reports tenderness at the incision site. The
patient's temperature is 100.5° F, and the WBC is 10,500/mm3. Which action should the nurse
take first?
a. Plan to change the surgical dressing during the shift.
b. Utilize SBAR to notify the primary health care provider.
c. Reevaluate the temperature and white blood cell count in 4 hours.
,d. Check to see what solution was used for skin preparation in surgery. - ANSb. Utilize SBAR to
notify the primary health care provider.
The nurse is providing an education session to an adult community group about the effects of
smoking on infection. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the
educational session?
a. Smoke from tobacco products clings to your clothing and hair.
b. Smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs.
c. Smoking can affect the color of the patient's fingernails. d. Smoking tobacco products can be
very expensive. - ANSb. Smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs.
A female adult patient presents to the clinic with reports of a white discharge and itching in the
vaginal area. A nurse is taking a health history. Which question is the priority?
a. "When was the last time you visited your primary health care provider?"
b. "Has this condition affected your eating habits in any way?"
c. "What medications are you currently taking?"
d. "Are you able to sleep at night? - ANSc. "What medications are you currently taking?"
The nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has injured the right leg after a bicycle accident.
Which signs and symptoms will the nurse assess for to determine if the child is experiencing a
localized inflammatory response?
a. Malaise, anorexia, enlarged lymph nodes, and increased white blood cells
b. Chest pain, shortness of breath, and nausea and vomiting c. Dizziness and disorientation to
time, date, and place
d. Edema, redness, tenderness, and loss of function - ANSd. Edema, redness, tenderness, and
loss of function
Which interventions utilized by the nurse will indicate the ability to recognize a localized
inflammatory response?
a. Vigorous range-of-motion exercises
b. Turn, cough, and deep breathe
c. Orient to date, time, and place
d. Rest, ice, and elevation - ANSd. Rest, ice, and elevation
The nurse is caring for a group of medical-surgical patients. Which patient is most at risk for
developing an infection?
a. A patient who is in observation for chest pain.
b. A patient who has been admitted with dehydration.
c. A patient who is recovering from a right total hip surgery. d. A patient who has been admitted
for stabilization of heart problems. - ANSc. A patient who is recovering from a right total hip
surgery.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with leukemia and is preparing to provide fluids
through a vascular access (IV) device. Which nursing intervention is a priority in this procedure?
,a. Review the procedure with the patient.
b. Position the patient comfortably.
c. Maintain surgical aseptic technique.
d. Gather available supplies. - ANSc. Maintain surgical aseptic technique.
The nurse is caring for an adult patient in the clinic who has been evacuated and is a victim of
flooding. The nurse teaches the patient about rest, exercise, and eating properly and how to
utilize deep breathing and visualization. What is the primary rationale for the nurse's actions
related to the teaching?
a. Topics taught are standard information taught during health care visits.
b. The patient requested this information to teach the extended family members.
c. Stress for long periods of time can lead to exhaustion and decreased resistance to infection.
d. These techniques will help the patient manage the pain and loss of personal belongings. -
ANSc. Stress for long periods of time can lead to exhaustion and decreased resistance to
infection.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is susceptible to infection. Which instruction will the nurse
include in an educational session to decrease the risk of infection?
a. Teaching the patient about fall prevention
b. Teaching the patient to take a temperature
c. Teaching the patient to select nutritious foods
d. Teaching the patient about the effects of alcohol - ANSc. Teaching the patient to select
nutritious foods
A diabetic patient presents to the clinic for a dressing change. The wound is located on the right
foot and has purulent yellow drainage. Which action will the nurse take to prevent the spread of
infection?
a. Position the patient comfortably on the stretcher.
b. Explain the procedure for dressing change to the patient. c. Review the medication list that
the patient brought from home.
d. Don gloves and other appropriate personal protective equipment - ANSd. Don gloves and
other appropriate personal protective equipment
A patient presents with pneumonia. Which priority intervention should be included in the plan of
care for this patient?
a. Observe the patient for decreased activity tolerance.
b. Assume the patient is in pain and treat accordingly.
c. Provide the patient ice chips as requested.
d. Maintain the room temperature at 65° F. - ANSa. Observe the patient for decreased activity
tolerance.
The nurse is caring for a patient in an intensive care unit who needs a bath. Which priority
action will the nurse take to decrease the potential for a health care-associated infection?
a. Use local anesthetic on reddened areas.
, b. Use nonallergenic tape on dressings.
c. Use a chlorhexidine wash.
d. Use filtered water. - ANSc. Use a chlorhexidine wash.
The infection control nurse is reviewing data for the medical-surgical unit. The nurse notices an
increase in postoperative infections from Aspergillus. Which type of health care-associated
infection will the nurse report?
a. Vector
b. Exogenous
c. Endogenous
d. Suprainfection - ANSb. Exogenous
The patient has contracted a urinary tract infection (UTI) while in the hospital. Which action will
most likely increase the risk of a patient contracting a UTI?
a. Reusing the patient's graduated receptacle to empty the drainage bag
b. Allowing the drainage bag port to touch the graduated receptacle
c. Emptying the urinary drainage bag at least once a shift
d. Irrigating the catheter infrequently - ANSb. Allowing the drainage bag port to touch the
graduated receptacle
Which nursing action will most likely increase a patient's risk for developing a health
care-associated infection?
a. Uses surgical aseptic technique to suction an airway.
b. Uses a clean technique for inserting a urinary catheter.
c. Uses a cleaning stroke from the urinary meatus toward the rectum.
d. Uses a sterile bottled solution more than once within a 24-hour period - ANSb. Uses a clean
technique for inserting a urinary catheter.
The nurse is caring for a patient in labor and delivery. When near completing an assessment of
the patient's cervix, the electronic infusion device being used on the intravenous (IV) infusion
alarms. Which sequence of actions is most appropriate for the nurse to take?
a. Complete the assessment, remove gloves, and silence the alarm.
b. Discontinue the assessment, silence the alarm, and assess the intravenous site.
c. Complete the assessment, remove gloves, wash hands, and assess the intravenous infusion.
d. Discontinue the assessment, remove gloves, use hand gel, and assess the intravenous
infusion - ANSc. Complete the assessment, remove gloves, wash hands, and assess the
intravenous infusion.
The nurse is dressed and is preparing to care for a patient in the perioperative area. The nurse
has scrubbed hands and has donned a sterile gown and gloves. Which action will indicate a
break in sterile technique?
a. Touching clean protective eyewear
b. Standing with hands above waist area
c. Accepting sterile supplies from the surgeon
