Chapter 22: Integumentary System and Pathologies
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which type of cell triggers immune responses?
a. Melanocyte
b. Keratinocyte
c. Dendritic cell
d. Meissner cell
ANS: C
Specialized cells called dendritic or Langerhan cells stimulate immune responses when skin is
broken by surgery or injury.
2. Which mechanism does the skin use to regulate temperature?
a. Tanning
b. Sweating
c. Absorption
d. Keratinization
ANS: B
Skin plays a role in temperature regulation through changes in blood flow and activity of
sweat glands.
3. Skin helps synthesize which vitamin?
a. A
b. E
c. C
d. D
ANS: D
Skin helps synthesize vitamin D, a nutrient necessary for the absorption of calcium by the
gastrointestinal tract.
4. Which region is relatively avascular?
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Subcutaneous
ANS: B
The epidermis is the thin outer region of skin and is composed of epithelial tissue. The
epidermis itself is relatively avascular; therefore, nutrients are provided by tissue fluids from
the underlying dermis.
5. Which type of cell produces pigment that contributes to skin color?
a. Melanocyte
b. Keratinocyte
c. Dendritic
, d. Meissner
ANS: A
Approximately one fourth of the cells in the stratum basale are melanocytes, which produce a
dark pigment called melanin. Melanin production is stimulated by sunlight and skin darkens
as a result, creating a semi-protective shield from ultraviolet or UV radiation.
6. Which substance waterproofs the skin?
a. Elastin
b. Keratin
c. Adipose
d. Collagen
ANS: B
Vesicles within keratinocytes secrete a substance keratin, which mixes with skin oils and
forms an epidermal water barrier, essentially waterproofing the skin by reducing water loss
that would led to dehydration.
7. Which region is known as “true skin?”
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Subcutaneous
ANS: A
The dermis is the thicker, deeper region or “true skin.”
8. Which region contains bloTodEvSeTssBelAs,NnKerSvEe LreLceEpRto.rsC, OhaMir
follicles, and skin glands?
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Subcutaneous
ANS: A
Connective tissue within the dermis is mainly collagen and elastin. Collagen, which
constitutes approximately 70% of the dermis, offers structural support to nerve receptors,
blood vessels, hair follicles, muscles, and glands.
9. Collagen constitutes what percentage of the dermis?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 100%
ANS: C
Collagen, which constitutes approximately 70% of the dermis, offers structural support to
nerve receptors, blood vessels, hair follicles, muscles, and glands.
10. What is another term for the subcutaneous layer?
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which type of cell triggers immune responses?
a. Melanocyte
b. Keratinocyte
c. Dendritic cell
d. Meissner cell
ANS: C
Specialized cells called dendritic or Langerhan cells stimulate immune responses when skin is
broken by surgery or injury.
2. Which mechanism does the skin use to regulate temperature?
a. Tanning
b. Sweating
c. Absorption
d. Keratinization
ANS: B
Skin plays a role in temperature regulation through changes in blood flow and activity of
sweat glands.
3. Skin helps synthesize which vitamin?
a. A
b. E
c. C
d. D
ANS: D
Skin helps synthesize vitamin D, a nutrient necessary for the absorption of calcium by the
gastrointestinal tract.
4. Which region is relatively avascular?
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Subcutaneous
ANS: B
The epidermis is the thin outer region of skin and is composed of epithelial tissue. The
epidermis itself is relatively avascular; therefore, nutrients are provided by tissue fluids from
the underlying dermis.
5. Which type of cell produces pigment that contributes to skin color?
a. Melanocyte
b. Keratinocyte
c. Dendritic
, d. Meissner
ANS: A
Approximately one fourth of the cells in the stratum basale are melanocytes, which produce a
dark pigment called melanin. Melanin production is stimulated by sunlight and skin darkens
as a result, creating a semi-protective shield from ultraviolet or UV radiation.
6. Which substance waterproofs the skin?
a. Elastin
b. Keratin
c. Adipose
d. Collagen
ANS: B
Vesicles within keratinocytes secrete a substance keratin, which mixes with skin oils and
forms an epidermal water barrier, essentially waterproofing the skin by reducing water loss
that would led to dehydration.
7. Which region is known as “true skin?”
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Subcutaneous
ANS: A
The dermis is the thicker, deeper region or “true skin.”
8. Which region contains bloTodEvSeTssBelAs,NnKerSvEe LreLceEpRto.rsC, OhaMir
follicles, and skin glands?
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
d. Subcutaneous
ANS: A
Connective tissue within the dermis is mainly collagen and elastin. Collagen, which
constitutes approximately 70% of the dermis, offers structural support to nerve receptors,
blood vessels, hair follicles, muscles, and glands.
9. Collagen constitutes what percentage of the dermis?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 100%
ANS: C
Collagen, which constitutes approximately 70% of the dermis, offers structural support to
nerve receptors, blood vessels, hair follicles, muscles, and glands.
10. What is another term for the subcutaneous layer?
a. Dermis
b. Epidermis
c. Hypodermis
