2024-2025 Medial, Obstetrics and Gynecology
newest exam
A 30-year-old female was stung by a bee. On arrival, the patient is complaining of steadily
increasing shortness of breath and urticaria, and feels as if her throat or tongue is swelling.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of her signs and symptoms?
A. Asthma
B. Syncope
C. Heat exhaustion
D. Anaphylactic shock - Answer-Anaphylactic shock
What are common causes of anaphylactic shock? - Answer-Injection (tetanus, antitoxin,
penicillin), stings from insects, ingestion of food and inhalation of particles (dust, pollen,
mold)
What are signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock? - Answer-Flushed, itchy skin, urticaria
(hives), edema, pallor, cyanosis, hypotension, weak or almost impalpable pulse, sneezing,
stridor/ airway obstruction, chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, wheezing, respiratory arrest,
abdominal cramping, nausea/ vomiting, altered mental status, dizziness, syncope and coma
is possible
What is asthma? - Answer-Acute spasm of bronchioles associated with excessive mucus
production and swelling of the respiratory mucosal lining
,What are signs and symptoms of asthma? - Answer-Wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis and
respiratory arrest
What is syncope? - Answer-Fainting not associated with a postictal state
What causes heat exhaustion? - Answer-Heat exposure, stress and fatigue
What are signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion? - Answer-Dizziness, weakness, syncope,
muscle cramping, dry tongue/thirst, tachycardia and hypovolemia due to the loss of water
and electrolytes via sweating
A patient has just stopped exhibiting a generalized motor seizure. In which of the following
states is the patient most likely to be in?
A. Anxiety and restless
B. Unresponsive to painful stimuli
C. Self-resolved lack of orientation to person, place and time
D. Alert and oriented to person, place and time - Answer-Self-resolved lack of orientation to
person, place and time
A 66 year old patient complains of right upper quadrant pain and generalized malaise and
has a yellowish tint to his skin and the sclera of his eyes. Which of the following is the most
likely cause of his complaints and findings?
A. Chronic renal failure
B. Pancreatitis
,C. Pneumonia
D. Hepatitis - Answer-Hepatitis
What will hepatitis (inflammation to the liver) or liver injury most commonly cause? -
Answer-Right upper quadrant pain and jaundice
What may cause a liver insult? - Answer-Gallstones/ gallbladder insult, viral hepatitis or
drug and alcohol use
What can chronic renal failure present with? - Answer-Lethargy, nausea, headaches,
cramps and extremity edema (if untreated) and may progress to seizures or coma
What can cause pancreatitis? - Answer-Gallstones, alcohol abuse and other diseases
What are common signs and symptoms of pancreatitis? - Answer-Upper left quadrant pain,
nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and tenderness
What does pneumonia present with? - Answer-Cough, fever and dyspnea and may
occasionally cause pain that radiates to the upper abdomen
Which of the following organs is not part of the endocrine system?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Gallbladder
C. Pituitary gland
, D. Pancreas - Answer-Gallbladder
What is the gallbladder? - Answer-Small pouch extending from the bile ducts and serves as
a reservoir for the temporary storage and concentration of bile (bile forms in the liver)
What makes up the biliary system? - Answer-Gallbladder and liver
What is the endocrine system compromised of? - Answer-Any of various glands producing
hormonal secretions that pass directly into the bloodstream
What does the endocrine glands include? - Answer-Thyroid, parathyroids, anterior and
posterior pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, pineal and gonads
A 10 year old male has non-traumatic epistaxis. He is visibly upset and crying. Which of the
following is the most appropriate step to control his bleeding?
A. Place the patient in the supine position and apply ice over the nose
B. Have the patient sit leaning forward, and pack gauze into the nose
C. Have the patient sit leaning forward with the head tilted forward and apply direct
pressure for at least 15 minutes
D. Have the patient sit leaning forward with the head tilted backward and apply direct
pressure for at least 15 minutes - Answer-Have the patient sit leaning forward with the
head tilted forward and apply direct pressure for at least 15 minutes
Where should the direct pressure of an epistaxis be held? - Answer-Pinching the fleshy part
of the nostrils together
newest exam
A 30-year-old female was stung by a bee. On arrival, the patient is complaining of steadily
increasing shortness of breath and urticaria, and feels as if her throat or tongue is swelling.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of her signs and symptoms?
A. Asthma
B. Syncope
C. Heat exhaustion
D. Anaphylactic shock - Answer-Anaphylactic shock
What are common causes of anaphylactic shock? - Answer-Injection (tetanus, antitoxin,
penicillin), stings from insects, ingestion of food and inhalation of particles (dust, pollen,
mold)
What are signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock? - Answer-Flushed, itchy skin, urticaria
(hives), edema, pallor, cyanosis, hypotension, weak or almost impalpable pulse, sneezing,
stridor/ airway obstruction, chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, wheezing, respiratory arrest,
abdominal cramping, nausea/ vomiting, altered mental status, dizziness, syncope and coma
is possible
What is asthma? - Answer-Acute spasm of bronchioles associated with excessive mucus
production and swelling of the respiratory mucosal lining
,What are signs and symptoms of asthma? - Answer-Wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis and
respiratory arrest
What is syncope? - Answer-Fainting not associated with a postictal state
What causes heat exhaustion? - Answer-Heat exposure, stress and fatigue
What are signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion? - Answer-Dizziness, weakness, syncope,
muscle cramping, dry tongue/thirst, tachycardia and hypovolemia due to the loss of water
and electrolytes via sweating
A patient has just stopped exhibiting a generalized motor seizure. In which of the following
states is the patient most likely to be in?
A. Anxiety and restless
B. Unresponsive to painful stimuli
C. Self-resolved lack of orientation to person, place and time
D. Alert and oriented to person, place and time - Answer-Self-resolved lack of orientation to
person, place and time
A 66 year old patient complains of right upper quadrant pain and generalized malaise and
has a yellowish tint to his skin and the sclera of his eyes. Which of the following is the most
likely cause of his complaints and findings?
A. Chronic renal failure
B. Pancreatitis
,C. Pneumonia
D. Hepatitis - Answer-Hepatitis
What will hepatitis (inflammation to the liver) or liver injury most commonly cause? -
Answer-Right upper quadrant pain and jaundice
What may cause a liver insult? - Answer-Gallstones/ gallbladder insult, viral hepatitis or
drug and alcohol use
What can chronic renal failure present with? - Answer-Lethargy, nausea, headaches,
cramps and extremity edema (if untreated) and may progress to seizures or coma
What can cause pancreatitis? - Answer-Gallstones, alcohol abuse and other diseases
What are common signs and symptoms of pancreatitis? - Answer-Upper left quadrant pain,
nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and tenderness
What does pneumonia present with? - Answer-Cough, fever and dyspnea and may
occasionally cause pain that radiates to the upper abdomen
Which of the following organs is not part of the endocrine system?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Gallbladder
C. Pituitary gland
, D. Pancreas - Answer-Gallbladder
What is the gallbladder? - Answer-Small pouch extending from the bile ducts and serves as
a reservoir for the temporary storage and concentration of bile (bile forms in the liver)
What makes up the biliary system? - Answer-Gallbladder and liver
What is the endocrine system compromised of? - Answer-Any of various glands producing
hormonal secretions that pass directly into the bloodstream
What does the endocrine glands include? - Answer-Thyroid, parathyroids, anterior and
posterior pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, pineal and gonads
A 10 year old male has non-traumatic epistaxis. He is visibly upset and crying. Which of the
following is the most appropriate step to control his bleeding?
A. Place the patient in the supine position and apply ice over the nose
B. Have the patient sit leaning forward, and pack gauze into the nose
C. Have the patient sit leaning forward with the head tilted forward and apply direct
pressure for at least 15 minutes
D. Have the patient sit leaning forward with the head tilted backward and apply direct
pressure for at least 15 minutes - Answer-Have the patient sit leaning forward with the
head tilted forward and apply direct pressure for at least 15 minutes
Where should the direct pressure of an epistaxis be held? - Answer-Pinching the fleshy part
of the nostrils together
